What are the common problems that occur in heat transfer oil furnaces during operation?

1. Select the appropriate type of energy-saving heat transfer oil based on its grade and the requirements of the heating process, and strictly adhere to all the regulations specified in the Ministry of Chemical Industry’s \"Safety Technical Regulations for Heat Carrier Heating Furnaces\" when using such oil. 2. During use, careful inspection is necessary to prevent water, acids, alkalis, and substances with low boiling points from entering the system; filtering devices should also be installed to stop mechanical impurities from getting in, thus ensuring the purity of the oil. 3. Energy-saving heat transfer oils are suitable as heat carriers in heating furnaces powered by coal, gas, or fuel. When used in electrically heated reaction kettles and other heating equipment, such systems should be equipped with expansion tanks, storage tanks, and others safety components and temperature control instruments to ensure safe operation. 4. Whenever old heating equipment is replaced with new heat transfer oil, it is necessary to remove debris from the inner walls to prevent this from affecting the heat transfer efficiency and service life of the heat transfer oil. 5. Once the heat transfer oil is in use, start the circulation oil pump and let it run for half an hour before igniting the system to raise the temperature. During the first use, the temperature should be increased gradually at a rate of 20°C per hour. When the temperature reaches around 130°C, it is necessary to maintain that temperature for a while; once the temperature reaches 180°C–200°C, another period of maintaining that temperature is required before the system can be used normally. 6. After being in use for half a year, an oil analysis should be conducted on the high-temperature heat transfer oil. If, after long-term use, it is found that the heat transfer efficiency is poor or any abnormalities occur, a decision should be made based on the results of oil analysis (the key control parameters are: residue content not exceeding 1.5%, acid value not exceeding 0.5 mgKOH/g, flash point variation not exceeding 20%, and viscosity variation not exceeding 15%). If any of these parameters fail to meet the specified standards, it is necessary to consider adding some new oil or replacing the entire oil with fresh oil. 7. It is strictly prohibited to use it at excessive temperatures during operation, in order to ensure the normal service life of the heat transfer oil.

Any type of heat transfer oil furnace, when used at high temperatures for an extended period of time, will experience quality degradation. During this process, the carbon deposits and buildup that form attach to the tube walls, causing six types of damage: 1. Carbon deposits and buildup have insulating properties; as a result, heating becomes slower, which affects operational efficiency. 2. For every additional millimeter of carbon contamination on the inner wall of the pipe, fuel consumption increases by 20–30%. 　　3. The uneven thickness of carbon deposits on the pipe wall leads to uneven temperatures at the working surface, affecting product quality. 　　4. After carbon contamination and deposits form, the acid value increases, leading to microcell corrosion and accelerating the aging and damage of the equipment. 　　5. Due to lack of cleaning over a long period, carbon deposits and carbon fouling accumulate in large amounts at the bends in the pipes, leading to localized overheating and pressure buildup, which can cause the pipes to crack or fuel to spray out, resulting in a fire and the destruction of the boiler. 　　6. It is beneficial for the regeneration and adjustment of heat transfer oil furnaces, extending their service life and operational period. 　　two