The working principle of a steam turbine
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The steam turbine is composed of several stages, each of which consists of stationary blades and rotating blades. The steam expands and loses pressure as it passes through the stationary blades, resulting in an increase in its velocity; this conversion of the steam’s thermal energy into kinetic energy drives the rotation of the turbine’s main shaft, thereby generating power. The rotating blades, under the influence of the steam, facilitate this rotation.
A turbine is a rotary prime mover that uses the thermal energy of steam to do work. During operation, it undergoes two energy conversions: first, it converts the thermal energy of steam into kinetic energy, and then it converts that kinetic energy into mechanical energy for the rotation of the rotor.