Help, the structural principle of a fractionation column.
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I’ve never understood this: isn’t a fractionation column supposed to keep things warm? If the insulation is good enough, the temperature should be quite high, right? Can the rising steam continue to condense inside?
Is it the special structure inside the fractionation column, such as an instantaneous increase in the flow cross-sectional area, which raises the pressure of the rising steam and thus seems to have a certain condensation effect?
Fractionation is a method for separating mixtures of volatile substances with different boiling points—it involves heating a mixture and then cooling it to take advantage of the differing boiling points of its components, thereby separating them into relatively pure individual substances. No new substances are formed during this process; it is merely a separation of the existing substances, which constitutes a physical change. Fractionation is essentially multiple distillations, and it is more suitable for separating and purifying liquid organic mixtures with similar boiling points. Such as the distillation of coal tar ； Fractionation of petroleum. When the boiling points of substances are very close to each other, with a difference of about 20 degrees, simple distillation cannot be used; instead, fractional distillation should be employed. Different structures yield different results.