What are the structural differences between exhaust-type turbines and make-up air-type turbines?

Both exhaust-type turbines and feed-air type turbines are types of turbines, and their main difference lies in their working principles and structure. An exhaust-type turbine draws a certain amount of steam from the low-pressure section of the turbine, sends it to downstream equipment for use, and then discharges the remaining steam. Gas-making turbines, on the other hand, increase output power by supplying steam to the high-pressure section of the turbine. In terms of rotor structure, the extraction steam turbine has a structure similar to that of a conventional steam turbine, consisting of high-, medium-, and low-pressure rotors as well as stationary blades. The rotor of a gas turbine of the air-injection type is divided into two parts: one is the high-pressure rotor, which is responsible for converting high-pressure steam into mechanical power ； The other part is the low-pressure rotor, which is responsible for further expanding the low-pressure steam to generate more mechanical work. Therefore, the rotors of gas turbines with air-injection systems require more blades and a more complex structure to meet various pressure and temperature requirements. In a steam-driven turbine of the type that relies on steam injection for power generation, the steam is injected only into the high-pressure section of the rotor, thereby preventing the low-pressure section from being subjected to excessive temperatures and pressures and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the turbine. -

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Below is a schematic diagram of a regenerative turbine rotor: !(https://i.imgur.com/jMZiwdH.png) Taking a typical regenerative turbine as an example, its rotor consists of a high-pressure section and a low-pressure section. The rotor in the high-pressure section is responsible for operating under the highest temperatures and pressures; therefore, it is usually made of cast alloys, and it has a limited number of blades, generally not exceeding 30. The rotor in the low-pressure section is made of steel and has a large number of blades, typically several hundred, to improve the efficiency of utilizing steam energy. These rotors, combined with the fixed blades, form the complete structure of a regenerative steam turbine. -