Formation conditions and hazards of iron carbonyl and nickel carbonyl
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Formation conditions and hazards of iron carbonyl and nickel carbonyl: During the production of methanol and synthetic ammonia, the use of alcohol alkylation process technologies leads to the formation of iron carbonyl and nickel carbonyl. Formation conditions and hazards of iron carbonyl and nickel carbonyl
It is primarily environments with high temperatures and the presence of CO, especially in methanol production, where copper-based catalysts can be poisoned.
These problems occur during catalyst heating and reduction, as well as during startup and shutdown processes.
It is mainly around 200°C; therefore, when raising or lowering the temperature, one should quickly avoid this temperature range, as carbonyl compounds are toxic to both humans and catalysts
Iron and nickel generally originate from inadequate cleaning of pipes and equipment during the initial startup of the system; residual iron particles are present, and under the influence of CO in methanol synthesis gas along with temperature, iron carbonyl is easily formed. This iron carbonyl is the main catalyst for wax formation in methanol synthesis. Therefore, it is essential to carry out thorough purging and cleaning of the system before starting up the methanol system; for large-diameter pipes, they can be manually cleaned first before welding. After feeding the materials for methanol synthesis, it is essential to ensure that the temperature of the methanol reaction remains above 210°C, in order to avoid conditions that could lead to wax formation.