Electrical commissioning

I’m not sure what kind of electrical debugging you need I’ll first send over an electrical commissioning plan for your review to see if it’s suitable. Table of Contents: I. Basis for Preparation 2 II. Project Overview 2 III. Construction Preparation 2 IV. Electrical System Commissioning 3 V. Safety Measures 10 I. Basis for Preparation 1. \"Code for Acceptance of Construction Quality of Building Electrical Engineering\" (GB50303-2002) 2. \"Code for Construction and Acceptance of Wiring in Panels, Cabs, and Secondary Circuits in Electrical Installation Projects\" GB50171-92 3. \"Code for Construction and Acceptance of Low-Voltage Electrical Apparatus in Electrical Installation Projects\" (GB50254-96) 4. Design and construction drawings provided by the client II. Project Overview A 10kV substation is to be installed on the first basement floor of this project; the scale of its construction will be determined by the power supply department. One power supply comes from the # # # 110kV substation, while the other comes from the proposed # # # 110kV substation. Recently, the two power supplies have been temporarily supplied from different bus sections of the # # # 110kV substation. To ensure the power supply reliability for the particularly important loads among the first-class loads as well as the general first-class loads of this project, one diesel generator room for office buildings and one for hotels is installed on the basement floor. Each room is equipped with a backup emergency diesel generator set with a capacity of 1000 kVA and 1250 kVA respectively, to serve as an independent emergency power source. The low-voltage distribution system adopts a combination of radial and trunking configurations; radial supply is used for individual loads with large capacities or for important loads ； For lighting and general loads, a power supply method combining a trunk system and a radial system is used. 　　　The lightning protection category for this project is Category II. Lightning receptor: On the roof, Φ12 galvanized round steel is used as the lightning protection strip; the down conductors are formed by welding two main reinforcement bars with a diameter of Ø16 or more that are present in the reinforced concrete columns of the building. To prevent side lightning strikes, equalization rings are installed every three floors above 45 meters in height. The grounding type of the low-voltage power distribution system in this project is the TN-S system. Test clips are installed at a height of 0.5m above the outdoor ground at the exterior wall downspouts at the four corners of the building. III. Construction Preparation (I) Construction organization structure: Composition of the staff and units involved in mechanical and electrical commissioning: Party A’s representative: # # # Supervisor’s representative: # # # Overall person in charge of installation and commissioning: # # # Installation and commissioning staff: # # #, # # #, # # #; as well as the personnel from the commissioning team. Those involved in the commissioning must follow the unified instructions of the overall person in charge; they are not allowed to operate on their own or make any changes without permission. 　　　Party A shall organize the technical personnel from relevant distribution boxes/cabinets and equipment manufacturers to participate in the system commissioning work. (II) Technical organization: 1. The person in charge of debugging organizes relevant personnel to study and review the drawing documents ； 2. Organize debugging personnel to handle the technical aspects related to the debugging systems and equipment* ； 3. Technical instructions from the foreman to the team’s commissioning personnel regarding the commissioning plan (including safety measures) ； 4. Prepare instruments, meters, and tools (2 digital multimeters) ； 1 megohmmeter (1000V), 2 megohmmeters (500V) ； , 2 clamp ammeters ； Several voltage testers ； 2 wire cutters, 2 electrician’s knives, 4 radio walkie-talkies or several mobile phones, 1 ground resistance tester, several pairs of electrician’s insulating gloves, power cords of various specifications for testing, etc ； IV. Electrical System Commissioning (I) Checks before system commissioning: 1. Inspection of low-voltage distribution boxes/cabinets: Check and adjust the slides in the drawer cabinets to ensure that the drawers can be pulled and pushed smoothly, without any jamming or collisions ； The center lines of the movable and stationary contacts when plugged together should be aligned; the contacts should fit tightly and synchronously after being inserted ； The mechanical interlock operates correctly and reliably; only after the circuit breaker and air switch are opened can the isolation contacts separate, allowing the drawer to be pulled out. Check the tightness and reliability of the grounding contacts. When the drawer is pushed in, the grounding contact should make contact first compared to the main contact; when it is pulled out, it should disconnect after the main contact ； All contacts should show no signs of mechanical damage ； When the automatic switch or contactor is closed, the small door of the drawer compartment must be closed; it gets locked after closing and cannot be opened. To remove the drawer, the operation handle must be pushed all the way down ； If the mechanical interlock mechanism malfunctions, it should be adjusted accordingly ； The secondary circuit connection connectors between the drawers and the cabinet body should be wired correctly and reliably ； The contact between the drawers and the cabinet body is good, and the cabinet body and frame are properly grounded. 　　　Inspection of distribution boxes (cabinets) Sequence Number Inspection items 1 Before testing the distribution box or cabinet, check whether there are any debris inside, whether its installation meets the quality standards, and whether the phase colors and nameplates are complete. 2 Inspection of the cabinet doors and frames, as well as the internal grounding or neutral connection. 3 The grounding terminals of the openable doors and frames equipped with electrical appliances shall be connected using bare braided copper wire, and shall be marked with a grounding indicator. 4 The protective conductor inside the cabinet shall have terminals that are exposed for connecting to the external protective conductor. 5 Within the lighting box, separate busbars for the neutral wire (N) and the protective earth wire (PE) should be provided, with the neutral and protective earth wires being distributed via these busbars. 6 The exposed grounding main conductors shall be marked with alternating yellow and green stripes every 15–100 mm along their length. 7 The grounding resistance value of the test grounding device must meet the design requirements. 8 Inspection inside the cabinet: In accordance with the construction design drawings and change documents, verify that the specifications, models, and installation locations of the components inside the cabinet are correct ； The terminal blocks on both sides inside the cabinet must be present ； The cross-sectional area of each wire shall comply with the specifications in the drawings ； Check line by line the connections between various devices inside the cabinet, as well as the connections from those devices to the terminal blocks. 9 Check whether the contact positions of the travel switch and limit switch are correct, whether they rotate smoothly, and whether there are any foreign objects inside; then cover them properly. 10 Inspection of inter-cabinet connection cables: The connection cables between cabinets need to be checked one by one ； While checking the wires in the circuit, it is also necessary to verify that the markings on the wires, cables, relays, switches, buttons, and terminal blocks match those on the drawings. 11 Inspection of the operating device: Mainly check whether the wiring is correct, whether the operation is smooth, and whether the auxiliary contacts operate accurately. 12 Inspection of current circuits and voltage circuits: The current transformer is properly wired, with correct polarity; the secondary side must not be open-circuited, and its accuracy meets the required standards. 2. Circuit inspection: Conduct insulation checks on various lighting circuits, as well as inspections of the wiring in distribution boxes and control cabinets, to ensure that all power supply circuits meet the required standards ； Inspect all fire protection interconnection circuits to ensure that all power supply circuits meet the requirements for power delivery ； Conduct insulation checks on the wiring of equipment such as air conditioning units, as well as inspections of the wiring in distribution boxes and control cabinets, to ensure that the power supply circuits meet the required standards ； Inspect the insulation of other power circuits, as well as the wiring in distribution boxes and control cabinets, to ensure that the power supply circuits meet the required standards ； Circuit inspection: After connection, welding, and wrapping are all completed, self-inspection and mutual inspection should be carried out ； Check whether the wiring connections, soldering, and insulation meet the design requirements as well as the provisions of relevant construction acceptance specifications and quality assessment standards. If it does not meet the requirements, it must be corrected immediately; only after verification can the insulation resistance test be conducted. Insulation resistance testing: For testing the insulation of lighting circuits, a megohmmeter with a voltage of 1000V and a range of 0~500MΩ is generally used. When performing a circuit insulation test before electrical appliances are installed, first separate the wires inside the light fixture box and connect the wires inside the switch box. During the shaking test, the main lines and branch lines should be separated; records should be taken promptly during the test. The shaking speed should be maintained at around 120 r/min, and it is advisable to use the readings taken after one minute. After all electrical appliances have been installed, when conducting insulation testing prior to powering them on, it is necessary to first put all switches, disconnectors, meters, and other electrical controls in the off position. The testing method is the same as described above; only after confirming that the insulation test results are satisfactory should power be supplied for a trial operation. 　　　 Insulation test inspection of equipment and circuits. Sequence number, inspection items: 1. Before testing the insulation resistance of wires, ensure that the wiring is complete; the insulation resistance of lighting boxes, lamps, switches, and sockets should be tested before they are installed or wired. The insulation resistance of electrical appliances and circuits must meet the required standards. 2 Inspection of grounding or neutral connection: Check one by one whether the selection of points for grounding is correct, whether the connections are firm and reliable, and whether they are properly connected to the grounding grid ； The device can be grounded or connected to neutral by accessing the exposed conductors ； The grounding point should be connected to the grounding grid; the body of the equipment or the motor casing cannot be used as a substitute for a ground connection ； The equipment grounding point should have good contact, be firm and reliable, and clearly marked. It must be connected to the screws designated for grounding; accessories such as pipe clamps cannot be used as grounding points ； The grounding wire should be routed properly, avoiding areas where it may be easily damaged or broken ； Serial grounding at various points using a single wire is prohibited ； It is not allowed to use protective grounding for the metal enclosures of some electrical equipment, while using protective neutral grounding for those of other electrical equipment. 3 When the lighting system is powered on, the control of the light fixture circuits should correspond to the markings on the lighting distribution box and circuits ； The switch corresponds to the control sequence of the light fixture ； The fan’s direction control and speed adjustment switches should be functioning properly. 4 Restore all temporarily disconnected wires and connection points, check that all terminals are not loose or detached, and remove all temporary short circuits as well as any obstacles. 5 Before operating the motor under no-load conditions, it should be manually rotated to check whether its rotation is smooth and to listen for any abnormal noises. For motors of irreversible motion devices, their rotation direction should be checked in advance. The insulation of the motor stator windings, rotor windings, and excitation circuit shall be tested; the contact surfaces of the bearing housings and frames shall be kept clean and dry. Measured with a 500V megohmmeter, the insulation resistance value must be no less than 0.5 MΩ. For motors of 100 kW or more, the DC resistance of each phase should be measured, with the difference between these values not exceeding 2% of the minimum value ； For motors without a neutral point, when measuring the DC resistance between the wires, the difference between these values should not be more than 1% of the minimum value. 6 Check that all fuses are conducting properly; conduct a no-load test on the system’s control, protection, and signal circuits. The movable parts of all equipment and components should operate smoothly and reliably. 7 Check the insulation of all electrical equipment and circuits; the backup equipment circuits and their automatic devices should be in good condition. 8 Check that the backup power supply and backup equipment are in good condition. 9 The equipment manufacturer should be present before equipment debugging. 10 Before starting the power-on trial operation, operational procedures should be established first ； When powering on, the main power supply should be connected first, followed by the operating power supply; the reverse order is applied when powering off. The person in charge of debugging must be present to provide unified supervision. When the motor is used to drive load mechanisms such as fans and water pumps, it should be started with the valve closed. Electrical commissioning personnel should divide tasks among themselves and prepare the necessary safety equipment. Ensure smooth communication among various teams during the debugging process. During the debugging process, operators must remain at their posts, ready to initiate an emergency stop at any time. During the debugging process, all parameters must be accurately recorded, and proper electrical debugging records must be kept. The testing instruments and meters used for debugging should have stable and reliable performance, and any inspection equipment that requires verification must pass the inspections conducted by relevant authorities. Insulation resistance test: Conduct another insulation resistance test before powering on the power circuits in the distribution box, to ensure that the insulation resistance of each circuit meets the specified requirements. Prepare records of the insulation resistance tests for each electrical circuit as required, and submit them to the supervision unit for approval. Power supply to branch circuits: Only one circuit is powered at a time; the circuits cannot be powered simultaneously. Before powering on, turn off all switches. After power is supplied, turn on the switches one by one to check whether the lights are working properly. After checking the light fixture controlled by that switch, turn off the switch, then check the next switch, and so on. Power supply by sections: After the power supply to each circuit has been checked and confirmed to be correct, power can be supplied to those lamps as a whole. After each part of the debugging is completed, the power to that part is cut off, and work proceeds to the next part of debugging. (II) Commissioning of electrical engineering systems 1. Commissioning of low-voltage distribution boxes/cabinets Before putting the distribution cabinets into operation, inspect their exterior to ensure there are no debris inside, verify that the installation meets the quality standards, and check that the phase colors and nameplates are present in full. Low-voltage circuit breaker testing: General inspection ； Electromagnetic release energization test. Bimetallic strip thermal relay testing: General inspection ； Action value test. Contactor testing: General inspection ； Operation test of the contactor. Launcher test: General inspection ； Electrical performance tests of autotransformer starting starters. Insulation resistance test for secondary wiring: The insulation resistance value of the secondary circuit must be greater than 1 MΩ (to be checked using a 500V megohmmeter). AC withstanding voltage test for secondary wiring: The AC power-frequency withstanding voltage test of the cabinets. When the insulation resistance value is greater than 10 MΩ, test it with a 2.5kV megohmmeter for 1 minute; no flashover or breakdown should occur ； When the insulation resistance is between 1 and 10 MΩ, a 1000 V AC power-frequency withstand voltage test should be conducted for 1 minute, with no flashover or breakdown occurring. Operation test of the protection device for the cabinet: First, use a resistance meter or the ohm setting on a multimeter to check whether the coil is conductive ； Use a 500V megohmmeter to measure the insulation resistance of all conductive parts of the relay as well as the adjacent metal components. Test each item according to the following: the insulation resistance between the contacts and the coil, the insulation resistance between the electromagnet and the coil, the insulation resistance between the coils themselves, the insulation resistance between the contacts, and that of other components. The insulation resistance should generally be no less than 10MΩ. Check the smooth and even operation of the movable parts of the time relay. During inspection, press down the core of the electromagnet by hand to activate the mechanical mechanism; observe whether the mechanical parts move freely, whether there is any sticking, and whether the contacts make good contact. Then release the core of the electromagnet – the movable parts of the relay should return to their original position immediately. Control circuit simulation test: Disconnect the main circuit switch at the outlet; electrical devices such as motors will no longer receive power. Then connect the control power supply and check whether the voltages across various components are within the specified range, as well as whether components such as signal light relays are functioning properly ； When operating the various buttons or switches, the engagement and disengagement of the corresponding relays and contactors should be rapid, and the indications from the relevant signal lights must meet the requirements specified in the drawings ； By using artificial simulation methods to test each protective component, a fast, accurate, and reliable protection function can be achieved ； Manually operate each travel switch to check the directionality and reliability of its limiting function ； For equipment equipped with electrical interlock mechanisms, the interlock function should be checked based on the schematic diagram. The power supply was operated under no-load conditions for 24 hours without any abnormalities. After verification by the supervision engineer and the owner, one copy was submitted to each of the supervision company and the owner for archiving. 2. Trial operation of lighting fixtures: Electrical lighting fixtures should be tested by powering them on on a system basis; all the lighting fixtures within that system should be turned on at the same time and operated for 24 hours. Once all the lighting fixtures are turned on and in operation, it is necessary to promptly measure the system’s supply voltage and load current, and keep records of them ； Record the operating status every 2 hours; no failures occur during the continuous testing period ； During the trial operation, measurements must also be taken and recorded every 8 hours, until 24 hours of operation have elapsed; the values obtained from these measurements are to be filled in the trial operation record sheet. 3. Power trial run: After all equipment installation work is completed, a thorough inspection of the installation should be carried out. Based on the technical documentation, check the equipment’s lubrication, electrical wiring, electrical insulation, and protective measures for moving parts. Additionally, clean the installation site to prepare it for the trial run. During equipment testing, the equipment should first be operated in jog mode to check its rotation direction and whether there are any abnormalities in its mechanical movement, as well as to ensure that it meets the design requirements. The motor can be run under no-load conditions for a period of generally 2 hours; during this time, the no-load current is recorded, and the temperature rise of the motor body and bearings is checked ； The number of start-ups and the interval time between them for an AC motor when it is under no-load conditions shall meet the requirements specified in the product’s technical specifications. If no such requirements exist, the interval between consecutive start-ups shall be no less than 5 minutes, and the motor must be cooled to normal temperature before attempting another start-up. Operate the equipment in no-load condition during testing, and measure various technical parameters of the equipment. Check aspects such as operating current, voltage, operating time, equipment speed, temperature rise, vibration levels, and lubrication conditions. Also, keep proper records of the test runs as required. At the connections of large-capacity wires or busbars, temperature checks should be conducted under design load conditions; the temperature rise should remain stable and not exceed the specified value. 4. Motor trial run: Before conducting the motor’s trial run, it is necessary to check its insulation resistance. The trial run can only be carried out once it is confirmed that the insulation resistance between the stator and rotor coils, as well as their insulation from the ground, meets the specified requirements. At the same time, it is necessary to record various technical parameters of the motor. During the power-on trial run, perform a jog test first to check whether the motor’s rotation direction is correct and to detect any abnormalities. The motor must undergo tests under no-load and loaded conditions. In both cases, it is necessary to record the starting current, the operating current of each phase, the operating time, bearing temperature, stator and rotor temperatures, as well as the ambient temperature. Records of the motor’s inspection and test operation should also be kept. Test run of other large electrical equipment: The steps are the same as those for motor test runs. During the trial operation of large-scale equipment, the manufacturer is required to send professional technicians to assist with the commissioning in order to ensure its smooth progress. 5. Integrated operation 　　　The power supplied by the building’s electrical supply system once it is connected to the main power grid is used to operate all system devices integrally, with checks being made to ensure that their performance meets the design requirements and customer expectations. After insulating checks are completed on the power box and lighting box, it is notified to the low-voltage distribution room that power can be supplied. Once the electrician in the distribution room confirms that it is safe to do so, the switch is closed and a power-on indicator is installed ； After the main power supply cabinet of the equipment is powered on, power is supplied to the control panels of each equipment unit, the refrigeration pump, the cooling pump, the cooling tower, etc., as well as to the fan coil unit control panels ； After inspecting the insulation of the main power supply cable, it is communicated to the low-voltage distribution room that power can be supplied. Once the electrician in the distribution room confirms that it is safe to do so, the switch is closed and a power-on indicator is installed ； After the main power supply boxes and cabinets on each floor are powered on, distribute electricity to each branch circuit following the steps outlined above. Once the electricity has been supplied to all the distribution boxes, attach a power-on indicator ； Power is supplied to each distribution box, and after conducting another insulation check on the circuits of each lighting fixture socket, power is turned on; once the power supply is complete, a power-on indicator is installed. V. Safety Measures 1. Electricians must work holding valid certificates; working without such certificates is strictly prohibited. 2. Comply with electrical operation procedures and relevant safety management regulations, and adhere to the principle of ‘no harm’ – ‘do not harm others’, ‘do not harm yourself’, and ‘do not be harmed by others’. 3. Strengthen safety education and training prior to debugging. 4. Strengthen safety prevention measures in key areas, such as installing safety warning signs at the areas where power is supplied and assigning dedicated personnel to monitor them. 5. For temporary construction electricity, ensure that there is one switch for each machine” ； “Ensure one person is in charge of protection and another for leakage control. 6. The working area for debugging must be kept dry, with no obstacles in the surrounding area. 7. Before debugging, ensure that appropriate safety equipment for electrical work is in place, such as wearing insulating gloves and insulating shoes before handling power supply and distribution. 8. During debugging, one must follow the unified instructions of the person in charge.

Simply put, there are no-load testing and load-testing. The first step is no-load testing: after checking the control circuits and power cables (the checks include voltage tolerance tests for both the cables and equipment, as well as adjustments to the protection settings), the electrical equipment is powered on for testing； Step 2: Commissioning under load: After the aforementioned commissioning is complete, connect the electrical equipment and conduct a power supply test ； If it is a high-voltage device, perform pressure-free testing first during the no-load commissioning. For some special circuits, it is also necessary to check the wiring group and phase sequence.

Your question is quite vague; I’m not sure what electrical equipment you’re referring to. Generally, the process involves: wiring inspection – no-load single-point testing – load-bearing single-point testing – integrated testing. When powering on the system, it’s necessary to do so step by step; only when one level of power supply is functioning properly can the next level be powered on