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Principles and Practice of Small Fracturing Equipment

2007-12-25View Original

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As a conventional production stimulation technology, fracturing is an indispensable technology in oil and gas production. Fracturing is widely used in North America. Almost 80% of wells require fracturing to achieve better development results. However, the application of fracturing technology in the Asia-Pacific region is subject to certain restrictions, mainly because: On the one hand, the physical properties of the oil layer in this area are relatively good. ; On the other hand, conventional large-scale fracturing equipment requires high-pressure and high-horsepower hydraulic pumps. It also needs to store large amounts of liquid and proppant, as well as fast stirring equipment. It is expensive, risky, and complex in design.   BJ Operations Services has developed a small fracturing equipment named "Skin Bypass Frac (SPF)". The equipment uses a Liquid Proppant Concentrate (LPC), which mixes the proppant in a liquid with high suspending ability. This concentrate can be mixed with other liquids in any proportion. ; With simple modifications to the cementing equipment, liquid mixing and pumping operations can be achieved. The modified equipment can realize low-cost and low-risk pressure operations, effectively improve the seepage characteristics of the near-well zone, and increase oil well production.   Oil well production can be increased with this small fracturing equipment. Oil wells with high permeability and high surface contamination are most suitable for surface elimination fracturing, and the fracturing effect is good for increasing production. However, surface pollution is not a prerequisite for successful operations. Oil wells without near-wellbore pollution can also increase production by increasing the effective wellbore radius through fracturing.   Liquid proppant concentrates, although not required, can effectively simplify fracturing operations. Mixing the proppant in advance can also be used as an alternative to this technique.   Skin removal fracturing is a reliable, low-risk alternative to matrix acidification operations. Under many conditions, epidermal elimination fracturing is more cost-effective than matrix acidification.   Skin elimination fracturing can exponentially increase the effective wellbore radius, increase the contact between the reservoir and the wellbore, and increase the effective inflow area.   The application scope and scale of skin elimination fracturing are small, and may be more suitable for reservoirs close to bottom water and reservoirs with gas caps.

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