Heat exchanger design issues
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Standard floating-head heat exchangers already have a specified nominal pressure. If a design institute is tasked with the design, should it be carried out in accordance with this nominal pressure, or should it be based on the actual operating pressure instead?
Design institutes generally do not carry out the actual design of heat exchangers; their main tasks are to determine the process parameters and select appropriate models. Heat exchangers are now standardized and come in standardized series. Taking both cost-effectiveness and safety into account, floating-head heat exchangers are designed according to the appropriate pressure ratings by anyone who designs them, as the flanges and other components used are standard parts; a custom design would instead increase costs.