Let’s discuss it in depth: Is the coking route for oil refining reasonable?
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Let’s discuss it in depth: Is the coking route for oil refining reasonable? For fuel refineries, there are three main processing routes for vacuum residue.: 1. Atmospheric and vacuum - Reduced residue, hydrodesulfurization and heavy metal removal (VRDS) 2. Atmospheric and vacuum - asphalt 3. Atmospheric and vacuum - Coking (also called delayed coking) In the first route, after the vacuum residue is hydrodesulfurized and heavy metal removed, it becomes a very good oil, which can be fractionated to produce light oil, and can be cracked to produce chemical products, basically all light oil products. Right now: This device converts low-quality vacuum residue oil into high-quality light oil. Obviously, its economic benefits are the best and its advantages are very obvious. But the disadvantage is: China does not own intellectual property rights and invests heavily, accounting for almost 1/3 of the entire fuel refinery investment. Route 2 and Route 3 have shorter process routes and lower investment, but poor economic benefits. If the second route can produce high-grade asphalt, it is worth recommending. Because high-grade asphalt, especially heavy traffic road asphalt, is more expensive, the economic benefits are obviously better. If it cannot produce heavy traffic road asphalt and can only produce general asphalt, it is not worth recommending. The third production route is to turn part of the vacuum residue into oil and part into coke. The oil it produces is of poor quality and can only be processed through catalytic cracking. When coke enters the steelmaking plant, its price is almost the same as that of coal. Everyone must know that Inner Mongolia Shenhua Company has developed a coal hydrogenation refining process, which hydrogenates coal and turns it into oil products. The cost is about twice the current refining cost, but as a company * * strategic projects, * * No expense will be spared to invest in this project, because sooner or later the oil will be exhausted. In any case, the process technology is complex, difficult and costly. To compare, * * On the one hand, they invest heavily in coal refining projects, but what about the oil industry? They actually want to turn oil into coke (coking device)! Although China has not mastered some patented technologies for the vacuum residue hydrodesulfurization and heavy metal removal (VRDS) unit, the technology is mature and many domestic production units have been put into operation. The process technology is mature, less difficult, and the cost is lower. Compared with coal refining, its investment is much lower. There are obvious advantages in all aspects, if * * If heavy investment is made in coal refining projects, the commissioning of coking units should be restricted. But unfortunately, Qingdao Refinery installed another 2.5 million tons/year coking unit. The coking unit can produce 20-40% of coke (its output is related to the quality of the oil). The price of coke is less than 1,000 yuan/ton. The quality of the oil it produces is poor. Hydrogenation or catalytic cracking is required to improve its properties. Economically speaking, the oil products it produces are about 500 yuan higher per ton than the feed material. If the feed material is calculated at 2,500 yuan/ton, you can calculate what is the economic benefit of the coking unit? Whether technically or economically, coking equipment should be limited! The above only represents my personal opinions, please criticize and correct me! Please express your opinions! This post was last edited by upca on 2008-1-8 09:26 ]
The price of coke is now more than 1,800 yuan, 3#B. The poster said it is less than 1,000 yuan. I don’t know where the price is.
Coke prices change seasonally: Prices are different in winter and summer. Prices in Xinjiang and the mainland are also different. What I am talking about is that the coke price in Xinjiang in summer is less than 1,000 yuan/ton.
The reason the coker is hot right now is because of its appeal - eat garbage and spit out treasure. The most important point is that the technology of coking (delayed coking) is now very mature. For example, Shanghai Petrochemical and Guangzhou Petrochemical have added delayed coking devices, and the processing capacity is very large. :)
Our plant is currently in the process of coking, and of course it also has supporting hydrogen production, hydrogenation and other equipment. The quality of the oil is guaranteed. Taking the coking route should still be a good choice in the near future.
Compared with heavy oil catalysis, the advantage of the coking unit is that it can process inferior raw materials. The heavier the raw material, the higher the carbon residue, and the better the efficiency. Because the coking unit does not have a catalyst, under the conditions of inferior raw materials, the catalyst loss will be great.
When discussing the rationality of the coking-hydrogenation route and the heavy catalyst-hydrogenation route, we have to start with the quality of the crude oil in the refinery. If the properties of the crude oil you are processing are very good and the atmospheric tower can produce liquefied gas (I have seen the yield of liquefied gas under normal pressure being 1%), then you can choose the coking route or use full catalysis. Of course, this factory is actually hydrogenating residual oil! Like some places that are rushing to process low-quality raw materials, so they have to use coking to produce part of the gasoline, diesel and wax oil. Otherwise, with this kind of oil, the light yield is not 18%, and the total extraction is only more than 40%. That oil has high metal content, high viscosity, high carbon residue, high salt content and nitrogen content. If it needs to be heavily catalyzed, it will also harm the catalyst, so we have to use the coking process.
In view of the current high oil prices and the lack of high-quality crude oil in our country, large, medium and small refineries are now setting off the coking craze. Coking does have many advantages, such as no need for catalysts and a wide range of raw materials that can be eaten. As for which route to take, I think it still depends on the nature of your crude oil and the demand for products in the region. for example: Xinjiang Tahe Petrochemical, their oil contains high-quality asphalt, they have atmospheric and vacuum + asphalt workshop, this part has very good economic benefits ； For Sinopec's strategic considerations in Xinjiang, they also adopted atmospheric and vacuum + coking + hydrogenation. ； At present, China is still unable to optimize the utilization of resources, and the decision-making of each refinery is the result of a multi-faceted balance.
At present, my country's refined oil market is in strong demand and supply exceeds demand, resulting in tight prices. The delayed coking-hydrogenation combined process technology is mature and the investment is relatively small. It can solve the shortage of refined oil products in refineries in a relatively short period of time and improve corporate profitability. This is the main reason why current refinery companies, especially Shandong local refineries, highly recommend this process. Taking 1 million/year atmospheric and vacuum catalytic cracking and hydrocoking as an example, the light oil yield of the entire plant can be increased from 45% to 68%, and the quality of the product after hydrorefining fully meets * * Require. In addition, Shandong's local smelters are struggling to survive, and the raw materials they eat are poor quality, so the hydrocoking process is suitable for the needs of the company.
I think this is also the trend of the situation. The nature of crude oil in our country is very poor, and the market for refined oil is good. Moreover, the benefits of coking are very good now. The main reason is that the price of coke has gone up. From less than one thousand before to nearly two thousand per ton now, the price of refined oil has also increased a lot. I think our goal now is to improve the yield of light oil and liquefied gas through optimizing the process, reduce the yield of coke, and reduce waste. What you said above is very reasonable, what you eat is garbage, what you spit out is treasure, and some raw materials can only be coked, and other methods are uneconomical in terms of cost and process. This is my own opinion.
The normal and vacuum pressure-coking processing method is the best.
Compared with inferior raw materials, the processing method of atmospheric and vacuum-coking-hydrogenation is the best. Because inferior residual oil cannot be catalytically processed well. The price of coke is now very high. The price of low-sulfur coke has reached more than 2,300 yuan. For processing high-quality oils such as Daqing oil, Shaqing oil, and Oman oil, the processing method of atmospheric and vacuum --- residual oil hydrogenation -- heavy oil catalysis is the best.