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After construction machinery leaves the factory, a running-in period of around 60 hours is generally specified (sometimes referred to as a break-in period); this period is determined by the manufacturer based on the technical characteristics of the machinery during its initial use. The running-in period is an important step in ensuring the proper operation of construction machinery, reducing failure rates, and extending its service life. However, at present, some users ignore the special technical requirements during the running-in period of new machinery due to a lack of knowledge about its use, tight project schedules, or a desire to generate profits as quickly as possible. Some users even think that since the manufacturer provides a warranty period and is responsible for repairing any faults, they can use the machine under heavy load for extended periods during its running-in phase. This leads to frequent early failures of the machine, which not only affects its normal operation and shortens its lifespan but also hinders project progress due to the machine’s damage. Therefore, due attention should be paid to the use and maintenance of construction machinery during its running-in period. I. Characteristics of the running-in period: 1. Fast wear rate – Due to factors such as the machining, assembly, and adjustment of the new machine’s components, the friction surfaces are rough, the contact area between the mating surfaces is small, and the pressure distribution on the surfaces is uneven. During operation, the uneven surfaces of the parts grind against each other; the metal debris resulting from this friction acts as an abrasive, further participating in the friction process and accelerating the wear of the surfaces in contact. Therefore, the running-in period can easily cause wear on the components (especially the mating surfaces), with a rapid rate of wear. At this point, if overloaded, it may cause damage to the components and lead to premature failure. 2. Poor lubrication: Due to the small clearance between the newly assembled components, and because of factors such as assembly, it is difficult to ensure uniformity in this clearance. As a result, lubricating oil (grease) cannot form a uniform film on the friction surfaces to prevent wear. This reduces the lubrication efficiency, leading to premature abnormal wear of the components. In severe cases, it can cause scratches or interlocking on the friction surfaces that require precise fit, leading to failures. 3. Loosening: Newly manufactured and assembled components may have deviations in their geometric shapes and fit dimensions. In the early stages of use, due to alternating loads such as impacts and vibrations, as well as factors like heat and deformation, coupled with rapid wear, the originally tightened components are prone to loosening. 4. Leakage occurs: Due to loose components, vibration, and the effects of heat on the machine, leakage can occur at the machine’s sealing surfaces as well as at pipe joints ； Some defects such as casting and machining issues are difficult to detect during assembly and testing, but due to vibrations and impacts during operation, these defects become apparent, manifesting as oil (or water) leakage. Therefore, leaks are likely to occur during the running-in period. 5. Numerous operational errors: Due to a insufficient understanding of the machine’s structure and performance (especially among new operators), operational errors can easily lead to malfunctions and even mechanical accidents. II. Use and Maintenance during the Running-in Period 1. Since construction machinery is special type of vehicle, operators must receive training and guidance from the manufacturer, gain a thorough understanding of the machine’s structure and performance, and acquire sufficient experience in operating and maintaining it before they can use the machine. The operation and maintenance manual provided by the manufacturer is essential information for operators to use the equipment. Before operating the machine, it is necessary to read the operation and maintenance manual first and follow its instructions for operation and maintenance. 2. Pay attention to the workload during the running-in period; it should generally not exceed 80% of the rated workload, and an appropriate amount of work should be assigned to prevent overheating caused by prolonged continuous operation of the machine. 3. Pay attention to regularly checking the readings of various instruments; if any abnormalities are detected, the machine should be stopped immediately to address the issue. Operations should be halted until the cause is identified and the fault is resolved. 4. Pay attention to regularly checking the levels and quality of lubricating oil, hydraulic fluid, coolant, brake fluid, as well as fuel (water), and also check the sealing integrity of the entire machine. During the inspection, it was found that there was a severe shortage of oil and water; the reasons need to be analyzed. At the same time, the lubrication at all lubrication points should be improved; it is recommended to apply grease to these points at the beginning of operation, during each shift (except in cases with special requirements). 5. Keep the machine clean, and adjust or tighten any loose components promptly to prevent increased wear due to looseness or loss of those components. 6. Once the running-in period is over, mandatory maintenance of the machine should be carried out, including inspections and adjustments, while also paying attention to the replacement of oil. In summary, the requirements for the use and maintenance of construction machinery during its running-in period can be summarized as: enhancing training, reducing load, paying attention to inspections, and ensuring proper lubrication. By paying attention to and carrying out the maintenance required during the running-in period of construction machinery, early failures can be reduced, the service life can be extended, operational efficiency can be improved, and the machinery can generate more benefits for you.