I’ll give you some restructuring problems to work on

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1. The raw material pretreatment process mainly includes (the raw material pre-arsenic removal process； Raw material pre-hydrogenation process ； Raw material evaporation and dehydration process ； Raw material pre-distillation process). 2. The main chemical reactions occurring in the reforming catalyst (hexacyclic naphthenes dehydrogenation reaction, pentacyclic isomerization dehydrogenation reaction, alkane cyclization dehydrogenation reaction, alkane isomerization reaction, hydrocracking reaction). 3. The pre-distillation process takes advantage of the different boiling points (different volatilities) of the various components in the feed mixture to separate them into fractions with distinct boiling range ranges. 4. Arsenic and metal compounds in the crude oil are hydrodescomposed into (elemental forms), and due to the large surface area of the catalyst, they get (adsorbed) on the hydrogenation catalyst. 5. The characteristics of the pre-hydrogenation reaction are (consumption of hydrogen, reduction in volume, release of heat). 6. The pre-hydrogenation high-pressure separator utilizes phase equilibrium and settling to separate the gas phase containing substances such as H2S and NH3 from the mixture. 7. With the aim of producing high-octane gasoline, pre-distillation involves removing the components in the pre-hydrogenated oil range (initial boiling point to 80°C). 8. The principle for adjusting temperature and dosage during reformation is (reduce temperature first, then reduce dosage) ； Increase the volume first, then increase the temperature). 9. Contents of the “four defenses” in summer (heat prevention and cooling, flood prevention, lightning protection, and collapse prevention). 10. For modern binary (multi) metal reforming catalysts, the limit for harmful impurities in the feedstock is (S＜0.5ppm ； As＜1ppb ； N＜0.5ppm ； H2O＜5ppm ； Pb, Cu < 10 ppb). 11. The top temperature of the pre-distillation tower is the main parameter for controlling the oil at the tower top (dry point), while the bottom temperature is the main parameter for controlling the oil at the tower bottom (initial boiling point). 12. Principles for pre-fractionation tower flushing treatment (reducing the amount of raw material to be processed) ； If the raw material contains water, it is necessary to strengthen water removal). 13. When unloading the uncharred pre-hydrogenation catalyst, measures should be taken (to prevent spontaneous combustion of FeS). 14. Channeling in the reactor catalyst bed can result from (the uneven temperature distribution at various points in the reactor bed). 15. The typical temperature range for the reforming reaction is (480–520°C). 16. Hydrogen purity in the reforming reaction indicates (the degree of dehydrogenation and changes in catalyst selectivity). 17. The key to loading a catalyst in a radial reactor is (preventing the reaction stream from taking a shortcut around the catalyst layer). 18. The function of the central tube cover in a radial reactor is to serve as a component that prevents oil and gas from taking a short circuit. 19. Methane in the reforming reaction products is generated (through hydrolysis at the metal active center). 20. When it is overcast and raining in the heating furnace, the flue dampers should be adjusted appropriately (opened wider). 1. What is used as a carrier during the regeneration of reforming catalysts? Answer: Nitrogen. 2. On the process card, the required crystallization point of the benzene product is ( ). Answer: ≮5.35 ℃. 3. The CB-6 reforming catalyst belongs to ( ) catalysts based on its metal components. Answer: Bimetallic type. 4. The wall temperature of carbon steel equipment in hydrogen-containing systems shall not exceed ( ) °C. Answer: 250 5. In a distillation column, the tray with the greatest concentration variation is the （ ） tray. Answer: Sensitive. 6. Compared to triethylene glycol ethers, tetraethylene glycol ethers have a greater solvating capacity. Answer: Strong. 6. The normal sequence of activation for the vacuum extractor at the top of the pressure-reduction regeneration tower (using a steam three-stage vacuum extractor) is ( ). Answer: Start with level 3 first, then level 2 and level 1. 7. The exit temperature of the reforming reactor is ( ) higher than the inlet temperature. Answer: Low. 8. During the aromatic extraction process, what can be recycled is ( ). Answer: Solvent 9. The selectivity of the solvent increases as the temperature rises. Answer: Decrease. 10. The hydrogen-to-oil ratio in the reforming reaction is ( ). Answer: Circulating hydrogen volume: Raw oil volume 11. In the case of a fire caused by a leak in the flange of the high-temperature reforming heat exchanger, which extinguishing agent is most suitable? Answer: Steam. 12. When the liquid level in the benzene reflux tank is high, the opening degree of its side line should be appropriate ( ). Answer: Increase it. 13. When an increase in water content in the gas of the reforming system is detected, the reaction temperature should be ( ). Answer: Decrease. 14. The water content of the poor solvent is controlled by the （）bottom temperature. Answer: Stripping tower. 15. When working inside towers, pipes, and containers, the oxygen content within the equipment should be ≥（　　）％. Answer: 20 17. When the stripping tower is operating normally, the sulfur and nitrogen contents in the bottom oil are still significantly higher than the specified limits; in such cases, ( ) measures should be taken. Answer: Increase the pre-hydrogenation reaction temperature. 18. Trace amounts of elements such as chlorine, arsenic, copper, and lead in the reforming feedstock exist in the form of ( ). Answer: Compound 19. In the reforming reaction, the main reaction that takes place is ( ). Answer: Dehydrogenation of hexacyclic naphthenes. 20. Under normal circumstances, sulfur has the effect of causing （） poisoning in catalysts; as the sulfur content in the feed oil decreases, the catalyst’s activity can be restored after some time of operation. However, if there is an excess of sulfur over a long period of time, it can also cause ( ) poisoning. Answer: Temporary, Permanent. 1. The name of all rotating parts in a turbine is the rotor, which mainly includes the main shaft, impeller, blades, etc. 2. The driving mechanism of a reciprocating compressor includes a crankshaft, connecting rods, piston rods, and pistons. 3. With each back-and-forth movement of the piston in a reciprocating compressor, four processes take place in sequence: expansion, suction, compression, and exhaust. 4. A centrifugal compressor consists of a stator and a rotor. 5. The basic operating parameters of a centrifugal pump include flow rate, head, speed, power, and efficiency. 6. Lubricating oil must be filtered through three stages—the oil tank, the oil container, and the filling point on the equipment—before use. 7. Metering pumps belong to positive displacement pumps, and gear pumps also belong to positive displacement pumps. 8. During the startup of the metering pump, the inlet valve should be fully open, and the outlet valve should also be open. 9. The axial force generated by the rotor is shared by the balance disc and the thrust bearings. 10. The measures to eliminate surge conditions are to reduce the outlet pressure and increase the inlet flow rate. 11. Centrifugal pumps convert energy through the high-speed rotation of the impeller, while reciprocating pumps convert energy through the back-and-forth movement of the piston. 12. Multi-stage compression must have inter-stage cooling. The better the cooling, the less energy is consumed. 13. Piston compressors can be classified by the number of stages into _single-stage_ and _multi-stage_ compressors. 14. Shaft seals include mechanical seals, soft packing seals, spiral seals, and floating ring seals. 15. The flow rate of a pump depends on its size, structure, and rotational speed. 16. In terms of their structural design, centrifugal pump impellers can be divided into three types: closed, semi-open, and open. 17. The parallel operation of centrifugal pumps is mainly used to increase flow rate, while their series operation is primarily intended to raise head pressure. 18. The performance parameters of centrifugal compressors include flow rate, speed, pressure, temperature, medium, average adiabatic index, average molecular weight, etc. 19. The sealing mechanism of a centrifugal pump includes the seal between the impeller and the pump casing, as well as the seal between the shaft and the pump casing. 20. The main performance curves of centrifugal pumps include the flow-rate-head curve, the flow-rate-power curve, and the flow-rate-efficiency curve. The ratio of the hydrogen flow rate into the reactor to the feed oil flow rate is called the (hydrogen-to-oil ratio). 1. Once the operating pressure of the distillation column is determined, it should be kept as stable as possible; significant changes in pressure can disrupt the normal operation of the distillation process and the (vapor-liquid) equilibrium, leading to a deterioration in the performance of the entire column. 2. Plate towers mainly include bubble towers, (tray towers), floating valve towers, and spray towers. 3. An increase in the reflux ratio will affect the quality of the product at the top of the tower and reduce the tower’s production capacity; an excessively high reflux ratio can lead to an excess of liquid phase, resulting in flooding. 4. The power of a pump is also known as the shaft power of the pump; the power actually obtained by the liquid is referred to as (effective power). 5. The names for measurement errors of instruments include absolute error, (relative error), instrument precision, and allowable error of the instrument. 6. A centrifugal compressor is a (blade-rotating) type of compressor; it uses a high-speed rotating impeller to exert force on the gas, thereby granting the gas kinetic energy and pressure energy. Through the diffuser section, this kinetic energy is converted into pressure energy, which in turn increases the pressure of the gas further. 7. (Tubular) heat exchangers are the most widely used type of shell-and-tube heat exchanger in chemical plants. The most common types are: fixed tube sheet type, floating head type, and U-tube type. 8. (Volumetric flow rate) is the volume or weight of feed oil that passes through a unit volume or weight of Cat per unit time. 9. The water-chlorine balance refers to maintaining a certain level of water and chlorine in the catalyst to achieve equilibrium; this is done to ensure that CuCl retains good activity, selectivity, and stability. 10. The operating modes of control valves are divided into air-open type and (air-close type). 11. Equipment operators must have a thorough understanding of the equipment they use, meaning they should know its performance, principles, structure, and purpose. 12. There are three basic modes of heat transfer: (conduction, convection, and radiation). 13. The feed plate divides the distillation column into upper and lower sections; the section above the feed plate is the distillation section, while the section below it is the stripping section. 14. The operation of the distillation process is a multi-factor “overall equilibrium” process. And the adjustment of (temperature) plays a final role in quality control during distillation operations. 15. The three key equilibria that must be understood in distillation operations are (mass balance), (heat balance), and (vapor-liquid equilibrium). 16. (Stability rate of operating conditions) refers to the percentage of the number of operating conditions that remain within the controlled range during actual production, divided by the total number of operating conditions. 17. The adjustment of excess air is closely related to the adjustment of negative pressure in the furnace. To obtain the appropriate draft and excess air, the (flue dampers) and the burner air regulators should be adjusted together. 18. When adjusting the flame in the heating furnace, it is necessary to ensure multiple burners, uniform flames, short flame lengths, a bright furnace interior, and vertical flames; the furnace tubes should not burn, and no local (overheated areas) should form. 19. Centrifugal compressors have high rotational speeds, uniform (discharge volume), large production capacity, light weight, small unit size, low floor space requirements, and reduced civil engineering costs. 1 What is the serial number of the material pump for this device? _______ P-101A/B 2. The regenerator is divided into ________, __________, ___________________? Three stages: coking, chlorination/drying, and cooling. 3. The effect of the reforming reaction temperature on this process: a_______________________________, b_______________________; a higher reforming reaction temperature tends to cause coking of the catalyst, while b a lower reaction temperature results in a reduced yield of products. 4. What is the model of the reforming catalyst? ________________ Fuyou No. 3 Plant Catalyst 3961 5. Four factors affecting catalyst coking 1________________2________________3______________4________________? 〈1〉Carbon content in the catalyst to be regenerated, 〈2〉Oxygen content in the regenerator, 〈3〉Volume of gas circulated for regeneration, 〈4〉Rate at which the regenerated catalyst is circulated. 6. Inspection route for the reforming unit: a______b________c________d________e________f__________g__________h____________J__________. a Main Station b P105 c.E101 d.A204 e.D202 f.E251 g.K251 h.K253 J. Main Station