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Introduction to SPR wastewater treatment technology

2008-01-11View Original

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Abstract: SPR wastewater treatment technology is a newly developed process in the United States. It utilizes special chemical-physical methods and hydraulic principles to create an efficient and rapid treatment system for industrial and urban wastewater containing high levels of ammonia nitrogen, organic pollutants, and suspended solids. The treated water can be reused for urban landscaping, watering lawns and trees, or as industrial water. The entire system occupies very little floor space, has low operating costs and low power consumption, with its comprehensive economic and technical indicators reaching international advanced levels. Keywords: wastewater treatment, reuse, characteristics. I. Principle of SPR wastewater treatment: Firstly, chemical methods are used to precipitate pollutants in dissolved state from the true solution state, forming colloidal particles or tiny suspended particles with a solid-phase interface ; Highly efficient and cost-effective adsorbents are used to remove organic pollutants, color, and other substances from wastewater ; Then, the microphysical adsorption method is used to aggregate various colloidal particles and suspended particles in the wastewater into large, dense flocs ; By relying on fluid dynamics principles such as swirl and filtration hydrodynamics, the flocs are rapidly separated from water within the self-designed SPR high-turbidity wastewater purifier ; After passing through the dense layer of suspended sediment that forms naturally within the tank, the clear water reaches the standard of tertiary treatment, allowing its reuse ; The sludge is highly concentrated in the thickening chamber and discharged periodically under pressure. Due to its low moisture content and good dewatering properties, it can be sent directly to mechanical dewatering equipment. The sludge cake resulting from dewatering can also be used to manufacture sidewalk tiles, thereby avoiding secondary pollution. The process flow diagram of its wastewater purification and reuse system is shown in Figure 1. II. Characteristics of the SPR wastewater treatment technology: 1. The mixing of urban domestic wastewater with the treatment chemicals occurs primarily through the combination of the chemical suction pipeline before the pump, the wastewater pump impeller, the serpentine reaction tube, and the ceramic ball reaction tank; this setup facilitates achieving the best coagulation purification results while also helping to save on chemicals. It differs from the conventional hydraulic structures for primary and secondary treatment in the past. 2. Five or more types of wastewater treatment chemicals are used in combination with their optimal formulations, thereby causing the dissolved organic pollutants, heavy metal ions, and harmful salts in the wastewater to precipitate out as tiny particles with a solid phase interface (this process encompasses the functions of tertiary wastewater treatment). Through the physicochemical adsorption effects of coagulation, the suspended solids and various impurities are aggregated into large, dense flocs for removal. A adsorbent with excellent adsorption properties was also selected to remove organic pollutants and color. Bacteria and E. coli are killed within 30 minutes using a disinfectant. This approach of utilizing the individual effects of each agent as well as their interaction through cross-linking is different from conventional physicochemical methods. 3. Based on the formula derived from simulation tests, coagulants and flocculants are added with high precision using atmospheric pressure and flow meters, thereby preventing excessive dosage that would lead to waste of chemicals and reducing energy consumption. 4. The internal structure of the SPR sewage purifier is precisely designed based on the coagulation mechanism; the resulting vortex flow and appropriate water flow velocities in different areas ensure that there are as many collisions between colloidal particles as possible, while also providing the optimal flow conditions necessary for aggregation and adsorption. Thus, an extremely thorough condensation effect is achieved in a very small volume. Hydraulic structure diagram of the SPR sewage purifier 5. A highly dense layer of suspended sludge, several dozen centimeters thick, is formed in the upper middle part of the tank; all the water that has undergone coagulation is filtered through this layer of suspended sludge before it can rise to the clear water area at the upper part of the tank. Compared to previous water treatment processes, it reduces the use of devices such as membrane filtration, microporous filtration, or activated carbon filtration, as well as other types of filtration-related head losses. As shown in Figure 3 below: Figure 36. The flocculant selected is also an excellent aid for sludge filtration; it enables the discharged slurry to have good dewatering properties, allowing it to be pumped directly into a filter press for dewatering without the need to add additional filtering aids. The mud cakes can be turned into sidewalk tiles for reuse, avoiding the problem of secondary pollution. It overcomes the weaknesses of traditional biochemical methods, such as high sludge moisture content and poor dewatering performance. As shown in Figure 47, sewage purifiers are widely used, especially for removing large amounts of organic pollutants and ammonia nitrogen from wastewater that is particularly difficult to treat today, such as wastewater from textile and printing industries, paper manufacturing, animal slaughterhouses, ceramic factories, and coal mines. After purification, this wastewater can be reused, enabling a closed-loop system for industrial water use. This approach not only helps to address environmental pollution issues but also saves a significant amount of water resources, thereby **reducing the production costs for enterprises. Reputable testing agencies across the country have analyzed the data related to the inlet and outlet water of sewage purifiers. The water purification process takes only 30 minutes, and the performance indicators of the treated water are as follows: a. The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen can reach 85%. b. The removal rate of total nitrogen can reach 95%. c. The removal rate of organic nitrogen can reach 96%. d. The removal rate of BOD can reach 95%. e. The removal rate of suspended solids is as high as 98.3% to 99.6%. f. The decolorization efficiency is over 98%. g. The CODcr value of the treated water

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