Information on acetylene produced from natural gas

1. Cracking of ethane and propane to produce ethylene and methane conversion technology. Natural gas-rich areas in the world use ethane and propane from cheap natural gas as raw materials for cracking devices to produce ethylene.* * Improve the economy of cracking to produce ethylene. According to statistics, about 75% of the US's ethylene capacity (27.18 million tons/year) uses ethane and propane as raw materials, and 85% of Saudi Arabia's ethylene capacity (5.65 million tons/year) uses ethane (and propane) as raw materials. In 2000, Canada built the world's largest 1.27 million tons/year ethane cracker. 　　 The Middle East uses ethane as raw material to produce ethylene, which is the region with the lowest raw material costs in the world. Its ethane price is US$37.5/ton, making its ethylene production cost as low as US$100/ton. In the Asia-Pacific region, such as Australia and Malaysia, the production cost of ethylene units using ethane as raw material is also relatively low, ranging from US$200 to US$240/ton. The price along the US-Mexico coast is US$250/ton, while the naphtha raw material is US$300/ton. The ethylene production cost of naphtha cracking units in South Korea and Japan is US$480 to US$500/ton. The production cost of ethylene produced by China's naphtha/gas oil cracker is as high as US$530/ton. 　　 A process for converting methane to ethylene using oxidative coupling technology is under development. Iran * * The Polymer Research Institute of a petrochemical company uses a catalyst to perform an oxidative coupling reaction between methane and oxygen diluted with helium at 700~800°C. The catalyst is CaBaTiO3, and the ethylene yield is 26%. A pilot plant has been built. my country's Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics is also studying methane oxidative coupling to produce ethylene technology. The catalyst is Na-W-Mn/SiO2, which has a high methane conversion rate and is especially suitable for fluidized bed and pressurized operations. 　　 The Locker Hydrocarbon Institute of the University of Southern California found that a solution formed by dissolving iodine in fuming sulfuric acid is an effective catalyst for the low-temperature oxidation of methane. Studies have shown that iodine-oleum solution has stable activity and can catalytically convert methane into methyl hydrogen sulfate, which can easily react with water to generate methanol. It is said that this is the simplest catalytic system to date to convert methane into a methyl product below 200°C. Its methane conversion rate is above 40%, and its methyl hydrogen sulfate selectivity is above 95%. And this oxidation system, unlike other methane oxidation systems, does not require expensive catalysts such as hydrogen peroxide. 　　 2. Ethane catalytically co-produces ethylene and acetic acid. Saudi Arabian Basic Industries Corporation (Sabic) has developed a new process for ethane to co-produce ethylene and acetic acid using a phosphorus-modified molybdenum-niobium-vanadate catalyst (Mo2.5V1.0Nb0.32Px). Ethane and air (volume ratio 15: 85) Passing the catalyst (X=0.042) at 260°C and 1.38MPa, at a conversion rate of 53.3%, the selectivities for producing acetic acid and ethylene are 49.9% and 10.5% respectively. Sabic has built a 30,000 tons/year device in Yanbu and is scheduled to start construction in 2003. A device that produces 200,000 tons/year acetic acid is also expected to be put into operation in 2004 to provide acetic acid solvent for the 350,000 tons/year terephthalic acid unit. 　　 3. Production of synthetic ammonia and methanol from natural gas. The production of synthetic ammonia and methanol from natural gas is an important way to utilize natural gas in the chemical industry. The technology is mature and large-scale production has been organized. At present, the scale of a single methanol unit abroad is generally between 500,000 and 850,000 tons/year, and new or planned units of 1,000,000 to 1.65 million tons/year are being built. Trinidad will build three methanol units of 800,000 tons/year, 975,000 tons/year and 1.7 million tons/year before 2005. Qatar will build 830,000 tons/year and 1 million tons/year devices. Iran is building a 1.65 million tons/year device. 　　 Recently, TCI Company launched a green methanol process, which not only reduces natural gas consumption, but also reduces CO2 emissions. A 3.785 cubic meter/day optimized design device has been built in Canada. This green methanol process only produces 100 kilograms of CO2 for every 1,000 kilograms of methanol produced, while most methanol plants now produce 300 to 700 kilograms of CO2. 　　 Osaka Gas, in collaboration with Kansai Research Corporation and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, developed a gas-phase bioreactor that uses microorganisms to produce methanol from methane. The operating conditions of this process are much milder than the conventional method (reaction of steam reforming to produce H2 and CO, about 300°C and 6MPa), and the expensive equipment required for the new process is also * * reduction and can be applied to the production of methanol from natural gas in remote natural gas fields. In this process, a gas mixture of methane, oxygen and nitrogen enters a bioreactor supported by a fixed bed. Osaka Gas Company discovered a methanol-producing bacterium called Dubbed T-025, which belongs to the Methylocadum fungus. This bacterium can metabolize methane and release methanol vapor under conditions of 50°C and 0.1MPa. Methanol is recovered by condensation and unreacted methane is recycled back to the reactor. The process has been demonstrated in a 0.5 L bioreactor with a target capacity of 62 g/doL. 　　 Methanol is mainly used in formaldehyde, fuel, MTBE, DMT, MMA, acetic acid, pesticides, medicine, etc. Recently, methanol fuel cells have been rapidly developed. Methanol fuel cell vehicles will be put on the market before 2004, which is expected to bring bright prospects to the application of methanol in 10 years. Currently, the annual demand for methanol is 28 million tons. It is predicted that fuel cells will increase methanol demand by 700,000 tons in 2010, 8.5 million tons in 2015, and 60 million tons in 2020.

Thank you, moderator:@ :victory:, already downloaded

http://bbs.hcbbs.com/viewthread.php?tid=49937&extra=page%3D1

http://bbs.hcbbs.com/viewthread.php?tid=49937&extra=page%3D1

http://bbs.hcbbs.com/viewthread.php?tid=49937&extra=page%3D1