What are the fire and explosion prevention measures for power transformers?

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What are the fire and explosion prevention measures for power transformers? Power transformers are the main equipment for transmitting and distributing electricity in power systems. Power transformers are primarily used to reduce the high voltage in the power grid to voltages of 6000 volts (V) or 380 volts (V), which can be used directly to supply power to electrical devices. If an overload or short circuit occurs inside the transformer, the insulating materials or insulating oil will decompose due to high temperatures or electric sparks, expand and even vaporize, resulting in a sharp increase in pressure inside the transformer. This can lead to the explosion of the transformer’s casing, with large amounts of insulating oil being ejected and catching fire; moreover, the flow of oil further increases the risk of fire. When operating in a fireproof and explosion-proof environment, the following points should be noted: (1) Do not operate under overload conditions; prolonged overload operation can cause the coils to heat up, leading to gradual aging of the insulation and ultimately short circuits. (2) Regularly inspect the quality of insulating oil: The oil quality should be tested periodically, and any substandard oil should be replaced promptly or other measures taken. (3) Prevent aging and damage to the insulation of the transformer core; prolonged heating of the core causes insulation aging. (4) Prevent insulation damage due to careless maintenance; if any scratches or damages are found, address them promptly. (5) Ensure good contact of the wires; poor contact can cause local overheating. (6) To prevent lightning strikes, transformers can be damaged or burned out due to the breakdown of their insulation. (7) Short-circuit protection: If a short circuit occurs in the transformer coils or the load, and the protection system fails or the protection settings are too high, the transformer may be damaged. To this end, reliable short-circuit protection must be installed. (8) Well-protected grounding. (9) Ventilation and cooling: If the transformer coil wires have Class A insulation, their insulators are primarily made of paper and cotton yarn. For every 8°C increase in temperature, its insulation life is reduced by about half ； The transformer operates normally at temperatures below 90°C, with a lifespan of approximately 20 years ； If the temperature rises to 105°C, the lifespan is 7 years. When a transformer is in operation, it is necessary to ensure good ventilation and cooling. This post was last edited by 771207 on 2008-1-21 at 14:00.]