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Judging from the development trends in recent years, the development of the world's petroleum and petrochemical industry has shown five major characteristics:: The globalization trend of the petroleum and petrochemical industry is becoming increasingly obvious ； Technological progress is an important driving force for the development of the world's petroleum and petrochemical industry ； Industry concentration continues to increase ； The development of natural gas in the world will become a highlight of the development of the petroleum industry, and unconventional oil and gas will play an increasingly important role in the growth of global petroleum production capacity. ； The world's petrochemical industry is shifting to the Middle East and Asia-Pacific. Due to the rapid development of the petrochemical industry in the Middle East and Asia, US market analysts have recently raised the so-called "2008 problem." This question is based on the following analysis: When all new and expansion projects in the Middle East and Asia are completed and put into operation from 2008 to 2010, the global petrochemical product market will be oversupplied. According to experts from the China Epoxy Resin Industry Association, these analyzes are uncertain, and the development trends of the world's petroleum and petrochemical industry can be better summarized with five major characteristics. The first trend is that world ethylene production will be divided into four parts: North America, Asia-Pacific, Western Europe, and the Middle East. First of all, the globalization trend of the petroleum and petrochemical industry is becoming increasingly obvious. The operating entities of the world's petroleum and petrochemical industry mainly include: major international oil companies, * * Oil companies, independent oil companies, etc. Large international oil companies are the most important force in the globalization of the world's oil industry. * * In order to share international resources and markets, oil companies are actively accelerating the development of the domestic oil industry and at the same time accelerating overseas business expansion, gradually realizing the transformation from pure * * Oil companies are transforming into market-oriented multinational companies. * * Petroleum companies are becoming an emerging force in the internationalization of the petroleum and petrochemical industry. As the world economic integration process accelerates, the globalization trend of the world's petroleum and petrochemical industry will become increasingly obvious. Secondly, it is reflected in the increasing concentration of the industry. As technological progress and industry competition continue to intensify, the concentration of the world's petroleum and petrochemical industry continues to increase. After 1998, the world's oil industry saw a wave of mergers, reorganizations and alliances, characterized by the overall merger of giant oil companies, and the concentration of oil and gas resources continued to increase. The refining and petrochemical industry shows the characteristics of increasing concentration of capital and technology. The scale of enterprises and equipment continues to expand. The scale and equipment scale of refineries and chemical plants further increase. Refining and chemical integration and base construction have become a general trend. Technological progress is an important driving force for the development of the world's petroleum and petrochemical industry. This is the third point. Along with three important petroleum technology revolutions, world oil production has experienced three major leaps. At the beginning of the 20th century, annual world oil production increased from about 700 million barrels to about 1.5 billion barrels. ； In the 1960s and 1970s, oil production increased from about 7 billion barrels to about 15 billion barrels ； Since the 1980s, due to the rapid development of technology, offshore oil has begun to be exploited on a large scale, and the world's annual oil production has exceeded 20 billion barrels. The combination and penetration of high technology and the petroleum and petrochemical industry have promoted the improvement of petroleum and petrochemical processes and equipment, accelerated the upgrading of petroleum and petrochemical products, and high value-added, high-tech and environmentally friendly products have continued to emerge. In recent years, with the continuous advancement of geophysical science and information technology, oil exploration and development will expand into more new fields, and the recovery rate will continue to increase. In particular, the process of unconventional oil investment and development will be significantly accelerated. The field of refining and chemical industry will also accelerate the development of technologies and processes with fewer production procedures, short process flows, high production efficiency, high raw material utilization, low energy consumption, and environmental protection. In line with the trend of accelerating market demand for light oil products and increasing demand for clean fuel production, the structure of the refining unit will be further adjusted, and the deep processing capacity and device adaptability will be improved. The development of natural gas in the world will become a highlight of the development of the oil industry, and unconventional oil and gas will play an increasingly important role in the growth of global oil production capacity. So far, the utilization of natural gas in the world is mainly concentrated in three major fields: power generation, industry and civil use. With the increasing demand for environmental protection and the development and breakthroughs of science and technology, natural gas consumption is expanding significantly faster than oil, and natural gas will become a new highlight in the development of the world's petroleum industry. As the development level of old oil fields is at a high level and it is increasingly difficult to discover new conventional oil and gas resources, as the technology for unconventional oil and gas development gradually matures in the future, unconventional oil and gas such as oil sands and heavy oil will play an increasingly important role in the growth of global oil production capacity. In addition, the world's petrochemical industry has shifted to the Middle East and the Asia-Pacific - North America, Europe and Asia have always been the most important production and consumption regions in the world's petrochemical market. Since the 1980s to the present, the world's petrochemical industry structure has been undergoing adjustments, with developed countries in the West * * It has been committed to the development of high-tech chemical industry. The production of energy-intensive and labor-intensive bulk chemical products has gradually shifted from Western Europe and North America to the Asia-Pacific and Middle East regions. As a result, the proportion of North America and Western Europe in the world's petrochemical market has gradually declined. ； In recent years, due to the influence of market, trade, oil prices, etc., especially the strict environmental protection requirements in Europe and the United States, Western developed countries have been forced to * * Retrench domestic petrochemical production and shift to resources * * or developing countries with vast market * * Investment and establishment of factories and joint ventures