Where can my country's non-ferrous metal industry save energy and reduce consumption?

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Where can my country's non-ferrous metal industry go to save energy and reduce consumption? Premier of the State Council* * Delivered at the Fifth Session of the Tenth Renmin Congress * * The work report pointed out that this year, in terms of energy conservation and environmental protection, we should focus on eight aspects of work, especially focusing on key industries and enterprises, strengthening energy conservation and emission reduction work in key industries such as steel, nonferrous metals, coal, chemicals, building materials, and construction, as well as key enterprises with annual energy consumption of more than 10,000 tons of standard coal. It can be seen that the nonferrous industry is a key target to be strengthened in my country's energy conservation and consumption reduction. 1 The non-ferrous industry has outstanding achievements in energy conservation and consumption reduction, but there is still potential to be tapped. The process of the non-ferrous metal industry is relatively long, and energy is consumed in mining, mineral processing, smelting and processing. In 2005, the annual standard coal consumption of my country's nonferrous metal industry reached approximately 83.41 million tons, accounting for approximately 3.8% of domestic energy consumption and approximately 6% of the total energy consumption of domestic enterprises. In recent years, my country's nonferrous metals industry has achieved remarkable results in energy conservation and consumption reduction by eliminating backward technologies, optimizing and adjusting the industrial structure, and through measures such as strengthening management, technological transformation, and increasing product added value. Some non-ferrous enterprises use * * The launch of the "Thousand Enterprises Energy Saving Action" for nine high-energy-consuming industries, including steel, nonferrous metals, coal, and petrochemicals, set off an upsurge in energy conservation and consumption reduction, achieving a win-win situation for both social and corporate benefits. According to statistics, the comprehensive AC power consumption of my country's aluminum ingots dropped to 14,622 kW·h/t in 2005, a decrease of 858kW·h from 2000, setting a new historical record. And the overall level has basically reached the 2010 world primary aluminum energy-saving target of 14,600 kW·h/t set by the International Primary Aluminum Association. In 2006, the average power consumption of blister copper in my country was 823 kW·h/t, which was 47 kW·h/t lower than that in 2001. The comprehensive energy consumption of alumina has dropped significantly, from 1179.96 kg/t in 2001 to 986.46 kg/t in 2005, and further dropped to 893.91 kg/t in 2006. The comprehensive energy consumption of aluminum processing materials dropped to 700kgce/t, a decrease of 38.5% from 1139kgce/t in 2000. Although the comprehensive energy consumption per unit of major nonferrous metal products in my country has recently shown an overall downward trend, the current average comprehensive energy consumption per ton of nonferrous metals compared with the international advanced level still lags behind. In 2006, my country's electrolytic aluminum DC power consumption was 13 506 kW·h/t, while the international advanced level was 13 350 kw·h/t, which was 156 kW·h/t higher than the advanced level. The average unit consumption of copper flash furnace smelting in my country is 0.606 tce, and the international advanced level is 0.50 tce, which is nearly 20% higher than the international advanced level. The average energy consumption of zinc smelting in closed kiln blast furnaces in my country is 33.4% higher than the international advanced level, and the average energy consumption of lead smelting is 84.2% higher than the international advanced level. In 2006, my country's non-ferrous metal output reached a record high, but the comprehensive energy consumption per unit of some non-ferrous metal products increased in 2005, which deserves our vigilance. For example, the comprehensive AC power consumption of aluminum ingots increased by 49 kW·h/t compared with 2005, and the coal consumption of blister copper increased by 78 kg/t. 2 The aluminum industry has become the largest energy consumer. The energy consumption of my country's non-ferrous metal industry is mainly concentrated in the three major fields of mining, smelting and processing, among which electrolytic aluminum consumes the most energy. Among the various types of nonferrous metals in my country, electrolytic aluminum and alumina are undoubtedly the largest energy consumers due to their high energy consumption during the production process and their high output. In 2006, my country's primary aluminum output was 9.35 million tons, and electricity consumption was 137.172 billion kW·h/t, accounting for 4.8% of power generation and 4.9% of total social electricity consumption. * * Among the thousands of companies carrying out energy-saving actions, 49 are aluminum companies. Alumina production consumes a lot of energy. In 2006, my country produced 13.7 million tons of alumina. Calculated based on the comprehensive energy consumption of alumina that year being 893.91kg/t, the total energy consumption was 12.2466 million tce. At the same time, the output of aluminum processing materials in my country was 8.15 million tons in 2006. Calculated based on the comprehensive energy consumption of 700 kgce/t that year, the total energy consumption was 5.7 million tce. According to statistics, in 2005, the energy consumption of electrolytic aluminum and alumina production accounted for 69% of the total energy consumption of non-ferrous metals throughout the year. In 2006, the growth rate of alumina and electrolytic aluminum production was higher than the growth rate of national non-ferrous metal production. Coupled with the energy consumption in aluminum processing, it is estimated that the energy consumption of the entire aluminum industry accounts for about 75% of the entire non-ferrous metals. In addition to electrolytic aluminum and alumina, the zinc industry has become the second largest energy consumer. In 2006, my country's zinc output was 3.153 million tons. Calculated based on the current DC power consumption of zinc electrolyte of 3 154.6 kW·h/t, the total power consumption throughout the year was 9.946 billion kW·h. 3 Development ideas for energy conservation and consumption reduction in my country's nonferrous industry In 2000 and 2005, the energy consumption of my country's 10 nonferrous metals was 4.809 and 4.665 ce per ton, the comprehensive energy consumption of aluminum was 9.923 and 9.595 ce per ton, and the comprehensive energy consumption of copper was 4.707 and 4.388 ce per ton. * * In the "Medium and Long-term Special Plan for Energy Saving", the National Development and Reform Commission clearly stated that the energy consumption target for my country's nonferrous metal industry in 2010 and 2020 is: The comprehensive energy consumption per ton of 10 non-ferrous metals is 4.595 and 4.45 ce respectively. ； The comprehensive energy consumption of aluminum per ton is 9.471 and 9.22 ce respectively. ； The comprehensive energy consumption of copper per ton is 4.256 and 4 ce respectively. In order to better complete the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan", that is, the goal of reducing GDP per 10,000 yuan by 0.98 tce or 20% in 2010, non-ferrous energy conservation tasks are arduous. What should be done in the future? (1) Conduct in-depth research on the energy consumption standards of non-ferrous metal products, formulate development strategies and plans, and then establish and improve a scientific and reasonable non-ferrous metal energy consumption standard system, and formulate a batch of energy consumption standards in a timely manner, determine the framework content and various technical indicators of each energy consumption standard, and establish and improve the non-ferrous metal energy consumption standard system. (2) We must vigorously develop circular economy in the nonferrous industry. On the one hand, we must do everything possible to save energy from the extraction of primary resources; on the other hand, vigorously develop the non-ferrous metal circular economy and fundamentally change the energy consumption structure has become the only way to solve the problem of excessive energy consumption. The China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association calculated the energy consumption of producing per ton of primary copper, aluminum, lead, and zinc and producing per ton of recycled metal based on the energy consumption of pit mining, open-pit mining, and smelting processes in 2003. The energy savings per ton of recycled metal were 3.328 t, 8.199 t, 1.360 t, and 2.632 tce respectively. According to statistics from the Recycled Metals Branch of the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association, China's total output of recycled nonferrous metals reached 4.53 million tons in 2006, an increase of 21% over 2005. Among them, 1.68 million tons of recycled copper, 2.35 million tons of recycled aluminum, 390,000 tons of recycled lead, and 110,000 tons of recycled zinc. The recycled metal industry saves energy and reduces consumption significantly. In 2006, China's recycled non-ferrous metal industry saved a total of 25.683 million tce of energy, including 5.594 million tce of recycled copper, 19.27 million tce of recycled aluminum, 530,000 tce of recycled lead, and 289,000 tce of recycled zinc. If my country's recycled metal production accounts for 40% of the total non-ferrous metal production, a large amount of energy will be saved. (3) We must vigorously develop energy-saving technologies and eliminate backward processes and technologies. Practice has proven that advanced technical equipment and processes are fundamental to ensuring energy conservation and consumption reduction in my country's nonferrous metals industry. In this regard, my country's non-ferrous mines focus on using large-scale, high-efficiency and energy-saving equipment to improve mining and mineral processing efficiency. ； Copper smelting adopts advanced oxygen-rich flash and oxygen-rich molten pool smelting processes, replacing traditional processes such as reverberatory furnaces, blast furnaces and electric furnaces. Improve melting strength ； Alumina develops technologies such as the Bayer process for beneficiation. Phase out direct heating melting technology ； Electrolytic aluminum production uses large prebaked electrolytic cells. Phase out of small pre-bake tanks ； Lead smelting production adopts new oxygen bottom blowing lead smelting technology and other oxygen direct lead smelting technologies, transforms the sintering blast furnace process, and eliminates local lead smelting. ； Develop new wet processes for zinc smelting production. Eliminate local zinc smelting methods. (4) Improve the energy conservation and environmental protection policy system. Pay attention to the role of market mechanisms and comprehensively use economic means such as price and credit. Revise and promulgate the Energy Conservation Law as soon as possible to establish the legal status and role of energy conservation in our country, and issue corresponding supporting regulations and policies in a timely manner. Improve and strictly implement energy consumption and environmental protection standards. New projects must undergo energy consumption audits and environmental impact assessments. Construction that does not meet energy conservation and environmental protection standards will not be allowed to begin. Existing enterprises that still fail to meet the standards after rectification must cease production and close down in accordance with the law. (5) Give full play to the role of finance and taxation. For those products with low added value and high energy consumption, export tax rebates will be canceled and replaced with export taxes to curb exports. In terms of price. Resource taxes and resource prices must be able to reflect the scarcity of resources in the long term. Electrolytic aluminum is the largest energy consumer. Although the unit energy consumption of electrolytic aluminum in my country has declined, due to the continuous increase in production. Total energy consumption is also rising. Under the current circumstances, my country's exports of electrolytic aluminum and aluminum materials are huge. In 2006, my country exported 838,000 tons of aluminum ingots, and the net export volume of aluminum ingots was 548,000 tons. ； The total aluminum export volume for the year reached 1.2402 million tons. A year-on-year increase of 74.7%, net export volume reached 554,100 tons. A year-on-year increase of more than 700%. The sum of aluminum materials and aluminum ingots is equivalent to a net export of 1.02 million tons of electrolytic aluminum. Calculated based on my country's comprehensive AC power consumption of aluminum ingots in 2006 of 14,671 kW·h, it is equivalent to a net export of electricity of 15 billion kW·h. At present, my country's electrolytic aluminum, zinc and other products are exported in large quantities. * * Tax policy should be adjusted. Restrict the export of non-ferrous products with high energy consumption and low added value. In this way, non-ferrous metals with high energy consumption and high energy storage can be kept in the country as much as possible. (6) * * It is necessary to make more use of administrative means and formulate a cadre assessment system corresponding to energy consumption reduction indicators. Break down energy saving goals into local areas * * For concrete implementation, we sign energy consumption contracts with large state-owned enterprises, refine and quantify energy-saving goals into various indicators, and implement them into specific actions. Premier Wen is here * * The work report proposed that we should promptly establish and improve a scientific, complete and unified energy-saving and emission-reduction indicator system, monitoring system and assessment system, and implement a strict accountability system. (7)Can learn * developed * * , transfer high-energy-consuming products to foreign countries for production, process mineral products into products and then transport them back to China for sale. This saves a lot of energy and water. Due to the serious shortage of some mineral products in our country. In addition, the grades available are getting lower and lower. Therefore, a large amount of energy is consumed in the mining and mineral processing processes. According to 2003 data from the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association. The average energy consumption of copper mining in my country is 763 kgce/t, and the average energy consumption of mineral processing is 2038 kgce/t. The smelting energy consumption is 957 kgce/t ； The average energy consumption of lead mining is 338 kgce/t. The energy consumption for mineral processing is 615 kgce/t, and the energy consumption for smelting is 607 kgce/t. If we import copper concentrate production from overseas, we can save 2,801 kgce per ton of copper and 953kgce per ton of lead. in this case. Making full use of overseas mineral resources is very necessary for my country's energy conservation. Due to the rapid development of our country's national economy, the amount of non-ferrous metals required will become higher and higher. Although advanced process technology and management methods are adopted, the energy consumption per unit of non-ferrous metals will become lower and lower. But overall, the rate of reduction in unit energy consumption is far lower than the rate of growth in overall energy consumption. And just like the 100m race. The record is now close to the human limit, with every increase of 0. O1 S has been very difficult. There is not much room for energy saving and consumption reduction per unit. At present, the energy consumption of my country's large nonferrous metal companies has reached or is close to the international advanced level. Unless there is a major breakthrough in technology, the room for unit energy saving and consumption reduction is already very limited. In this case, you should change your thinking. Move some high-energy-consuming production and smelting abroad. The products produced after smelting are then shipped back to the country for production. This is especially necessary for the energy-intensive aluminum industry. my country's electrolytic aluminum and alumina production technologies have basically reached the international advanced level. my country's electrolytic aluminum technology has been exported abroad. Therefore, for electrolytic aluminum and alumina production, which are two large energy consumers, if they can directly invest and build factories overseas, and then use the produced alumina or aluminum ingots for domestic consumption, they can * * Save energy. To this. * * Relevant preferential policies should be formulated to encourage companies to go out to develop overseas resources and build factories overseas. This will not only * * Alleviate the pressure of insufficient non-ferrous resources in our country, and can * * of energy saving. At the same time, we must also see that the completion of energy saving and consumption reduction targets is also a gradual process and a systematic project that requires sufficient preparation time. Optimizing the production process cannot achieve immediate results, and it is difficult to achieve results without two or three years. Once a continuous benign energy-saving investment mechanism is formed, the effects of energy-saving measures will be slow and fast, and will continue to play a role.