Special operations in the crude benzene unit

There are various production emergencies I’ve encountered, such as leaks in the channels, excessively high water temperatures, and high steam temperatures that lead to high temperatures in the benzene removal tower. Other issues relate to controlling the levels of liquids used for benzene washing, benzene removal, and final cooling. Emergency situations also include sudden power outages or water supply disruptions. It’s generally necessary to stay in contact with the control room. There are so many possible accidents, and there should be manuals available for each one; you might want to look them up on your own.

The special operations I am familiar with mainly include these: 1. Sudden power outages. (1) When a planned power outage is announced in advance, operators should make appropriate arrangements in advance. Don’t panic in case of a sudden power outage. When using a tubular furnace, turn off the main gas valve first, and then the branch valve. (2) Close the outlets of each pump, cut off the power supply, and inquire about the cause and duration of the power outage. In the event of a short power outage, the steam should be turned off to prepare for resuming operation upon power restoration; if the outage is prolonged, the plant should be shut down. (3) After stopping the pump, pay attention to the levels of lean and rich oil to prevent oil leakage. 2. Sudden shutdown of steam supply: (1) When a planned shutdown is notified, the operators handle the situation appropriately depending on the duration. In the event of a sudden shutdown of steam supply, the tubular furnace should be turned off first. The main gas pipe has stopped working. (2) Close the direct steam valve of the regenerator to stop oil supply to it. Isolate the high-temperature steam from the benzene tower to prevent oil from entering the steam pipes. (3) Reduce the cooling water flow, and stop it entirely once there is no product left. (4) Ask about the reason and the time required for steam restoration; if it takes a short time, there is no need to stop the pump, but if it takes a long time, it can be treated as a shutdown. 3. Sudden water outage (1) If it is a planned water outage, appropriate measures can be taken in advance depending on the circumstances. If there is a sudden water outage, you can ask for the reason and how long it will last. (2) Lower the temperature of the tubular furnace in a short time, reduce direct steam usage, and wait for incoming water. Provide temporary cooling water for each pump. (3) In the event of a prolonged water outage, it can be treated as a shutdown. 4. Liquid flooding (oil migration in the benzene removal tower) (1) Reduce the amount of direct steam used ； (2) Reduce furnace temperature ； (3) Appropriately reduce the oil supply to the oil-rich pump ； (4) Check the lean fuel system and gradually restore it to normal. 5. Coking in tubular furnaces: (1) If the resistance is not too high, increasing the oil flow rate can be used for flushing ； (2) Reverse standby rich oil pump ； (3) Appropriately reduce the furnace temperature (by decreasing the amount of gas used for combustion) ； (4) Continue production; in severe cases, stop production for maintenance and replace the furnace tubes. 6. Overfilling of the benzene removal tower: (1) Immediately reduce the oil supply to the rich oil pump ； (2) Immediately switch to the backup low-oil pump ； (3) When problems with the low-oil system are severe, suspend production for maintenance ； 7. Oil leakage and fire in tubular furnace: (1) Immediately turn on the fire-suppression steam ； (2) Close the main gas valve ； (3) Stop the rich oil pump ； Open the bypass valve for the hot lean oil U-tube at the bottom of the tower, and open the inlet and outlet valves for the lean oil in the standby oil heat exchanger. (4) Close the air inlet valve below the furnace. (5) After turning off the fire and allowing the temperature to drop, identify the cause and carry out repairs. 8. Sudden increase in pressure in the rich oil pump: (1) Quickly reduce the heat output and decrease the amount of circulating oil; find out the cause of water contamination and address it; resume normal operation only after all water has been removed. (2) There is a fault in the rich oil system; identify the cause, switch to the bypass pipeline or use backup equipment; in severe cases, suspend operations for repairs. You can add me on QQ 1115745184 if needed