Laboratory and industrial preparation methods for several ethers
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I’m at my wits’ end; I just can’t find it no matter what. :(( The laboratory and industrial methods for preparing these four types of ethers – pentyl ether, hexyl ether, heptyl ether. Thank you all, please help me out.:) This post was last edited by smilingyan on 2008-2-22 at 10:11
"The “Practical Dictionary of Fine Chemicals” contains the information you’re looking for; please upload it once it’s ready!
I have this one, but I couldn’t find it; only the isopentyl ether version is available, the other types are not available.: (
Are there any other irregular names? My organic skills are quite weak; haha, I’m not an expert either. Please help me out
I really couldn’t find it; I checked again. How about you just tell me on which page it is? Thank you so much!
The information is not reliable; it is for reference only
............................................ Of course I know that, ah! The problem is that there’s nothing to refer to at the moment. ....................................
http://www.chemmvp.com/index.jsp This is a Chinese website for searching chemicals; I recommend that you give it a try! Or check the chemical encyclopedia, or look at examples of organic synthesis
If the methods mentioned above don’t work, I suggest you ask someone who specializes in organic synthesis; it’s too easy for them!
n-Pentyl ether; di-n-pentyl ether. Properties: This substance is a colorless to pale yellow liquid. The freezing point is -69.43°C, the boiling point is 186.75°C, the relative density is 0.7833 at 20/4°C and 0.7792 at 25/4°C, the refractive index is 1.41195, and the flash point is 57°C. It is miscible with alcohols and ethers, and practically insoluble in water. Preparation method: It is obtained from the byproduct formed during the production of n-pentanol from n-pentyl chloride, or via the synthesis of sodium pentanol with pentyl bromide. Furthermore, it can also be produced by the sulfuric acid dehydration of n-pentanol. This method is used in industrial production. Industrial amyl ether is a mixture of n-amyl ether and isopentyl ether; it is a colorless or pale yellow liquid with stable properties. Insoluble in water, soluble in methanol, ether, ethyl acetate, propane, aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbons, oleic acid, hot fatty acids, and hot fatty waxes. Its mixture with ethanol is different from low-carbon ethers; it does not dissolve cellulose nitrate, but a mixture of 80% amyl ether and 20% ethanol can dissolve ethyl cellulose. Uses: as a raw material for organic synthesis, solvent, and extractant.
The simplest method for synthesizing ethers is to heat alcohols under the catalysis of concentrated acid to effect dehydration. It should be noted, however, that primary alcohols must be used; the yield is very low when secondary alcohols are used, and using tertiary alcohols results in olefins. Another more complex method is the Williamson synthesis.
The Williamson synthesis is a method for synthesizing ethers, especially when it comes to mixed ethers, as well as ethers formed from secondary and tertiary alcohols.