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Under the pressure of tight coal supplies and rising coal prices, power companies that recently faced a coal shortage during the Spring Festival are increasingly motivated to enter the coal industry in pursuit of integration between coal production and electricity generation. Following the establishment of \"Hunan Huayuan Mining Co., Ltd.\" in 2005 through a partnership with Hunan Coal Dam Energy Co., Ltd., Youxian State-owned Assets Operation Center, and Zhuzhou State-owned Assets Operation Center, Hua Yin Power (8.68,-0.24,-2.69%, bar) (600744) has once again decided to invest 459 million yuan to acquire 90% of the shares of Inner Mongolia Haishen Coal Group Xidong Energy Development Co., Ltd. At the same time, Huayin Power is also planning to invest 149.8 million yuan to acquire shares in Guizhou Xiangneng Industrial Company, in order to form a partnership with Xiangmei Group and alleviate the issues related to the supply of thermal coal. According to the announcement, the amount invested in this acquisition of Xidong Energy Development Co., Ltd., together with subsequent investments in the project, will total 1.11 billion yuan, far exceeding the 100 million yuan invested in 2005 in Hunan Huayuan Mining Co., Ltd. In fact, Huayin Power is not the only company that has moved upstream to invest in coal mines; numerous large-scale power companies have already expanded into the coal sector in various ways. In June 2004, Huaneng Group, China Power Investment Corporation, and Huainan Mining (Group) Company signed a letter of intent for the joint development and construction of the Huainan coal-power complex. The static investment for this project exceeded 100 billion yuan, making it one of the earliest coal-power integration projects in China. Subsequently, the coal-power integration projects between Shandong Lu, Shaanxi Galaxy, and Shenhua Group ； The coal power project jointly developed by Guohua Power and Yunnan ； Coal and power projects between Huaneng Group and Guangdong Power Group as well as the coal industry in Guizhou; coal and power projects between Inner Mongolia Huaneng (7.89,-0.01,-0.13%, bar) (600863) and Northern United Power Co., Ltd. and Huaneng Energy Transportation Industry Holding Co., Ltd.; coal and power projects between State Power Investment Corporation (18.79,-0.51,-2.64%, bar) (600795) and Datong Coal Mine Group; as well as coal and power projects involving Huaneng International (7.90,-0.15,-1.86%, bar) (600027) and Yanzhou Coal Industry (20.15,-0.55,-2.66%, bar) (600188) have also emerged one after another. However, although they are all coal-power integrated projects, there are significant differences among them; factors such as the degree of control held by power companies over these projects and the methods of cooperation also vary greatly. For example, in the coal power project between Henan Pingmei Group and Guodian Group Fuel Company in 2007, Guodian Group Fuel Company invested 400 million yuan to acquire 40% of shares in the project, without holding a controlling stake ； However, Hua Yin Power (600744)’s acquisition this time aims to gain control rights. This results in different levels of control that power companies have over coal resources. State Power Group Fuel Company can obtain priority access to coal supplies for such projects only under equal market conditions ； However, Huayin Power can obtain an absolute supply of coal from its controlled coal companies. Many professionals strongly support power companies expanding into the upstream coal sector, believing that this helps power companies ensure a stable supply of coal and maintain stable electricity generation costs, while also assisting coal companies in reducing the risks associated with price fluctuations. However, some analysts believe that in addition to considering rising coal prices and supply stability issues, the return on investment for power companies in entering the coal sector is also worth paying attention to. Under market economy conditions, if the investment costs are too high, power companies may also face outcomes that are not worth the effort. Therefore, its risk factors also deserve attention.