On the chemical properties of methylal

National standard code: 31031; CAS number: 109-87-5; Chinese name: Dimethoxymethane; English name: Dimethoxymethane； Methylal, also known as methylenedimethyl ether ； Dimethoxymethane ； Methyl acetal Molecular formula C3H8O2 ； CH3OCH2OCH3: Appearance and properties – Colorless liquid with an odor similar to chloroform. Molecular weight: 76.10. Vapor pressure: 43.99 kPa at 20°C. Flash point: -17°C. Melting point: 104.8°C. Boiling point: 42.3°C. Solubility: Slightly soluble in water; miscible with ethanol, ether, and most other organic solvents. Density: Relative density (water=1): 0.86 ； Relative density (air=1): 2.63. Stability: Stable. Hazard symbol: 7 (flammable liquid with low flash point). Main uses: Used as a solvent and analytical reagent. 2. Impact on the environment: I. Health hazards. Routes of exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, dermal absorption. Health hazards: This product is irritating to mucous membranes and has **effects. Inhaling vapors can cause irritation of the nose and throat ； Inhalation of high concentrations can cause dizziness and other symptoms. It causes damage to the eyes, and the damage can last for several days. Prolonged skin contact can cause dry skin. II. Toxicological data and environmental behavior: Toxicity: Causes significant irritation to mucous membranes. It has a moderate irritant effect on guinea pig eyes. Acute toxicity: LD50 5708 mg/kg (oral, rabbit) ； LC50: 46650 mg/m3 (inhalation in rats). Subacute and chronic toxicity: In mice, inhalation of 58 g/m3 for 2 hours per day, 2 times a day, resulted in 80% mortality ； Mice were exposed to 34,100 g/m3 for 7 hours, 15 times, with 6/50 dying. Hazardous properties: Its vapors can form explosive mixtures with air. It is prone to combustion in the presence of open flames, high temperatures, and strong oxidizing agents. It reacts violently upon contact with oxidizers. Upon contact with air or under light, peroxides with potential explosive hazards can be formed. Combustion (decomposition) products: carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide. 3. On-site emergency monitoring methods: 4. Laboratory monitoring methods: Gas chromatography (using activated carbon adsorption and hexane desorption). 5. Environmental standards: U.S. workshop hygiene standard – 3110 mg/m3. 6. Emergency response measures: I. Emergency response to leaks: Quickly evacuate people from the area affected by the leak to a safe zone, isolate the area, and strictly control access. Cut off the source of fire. It is recommended that emergency responders wear self-contained positive-pressure breathing apparatus and fire protection clothing. Seal the source of leakage as much as possible. Prevent entry into confined spaces such as sewers and drainage ditches. Minor leaks: Absorb with activated carbon or other inert materials. It can also be rinsed with a large amount of water; the diluted wash water is then discharged into the wastewater system. Large-scale leakage: Build dikes or dig pits to contain it ； Cover with foam to reduce vapor hazards. Transfer to a tank truck or specialized collector using an explosion-proof pump, and recycle it or transport it to a waste disposal facility for disposal. II. Protective Measures: Respiratory protection: When the concentration in the air exceeds the permissible level, wear a filtered gas mask (half-mask). Eye protection: Wear chemical safety goggles. Body protection: Wear anti-static work clothing. Hand protection: Wear rubber gloves. Others: Smoking, eating, and drinking are prohibited at the work site. After work, take a shower. ** Pay attention to personal hygiene. III. First aid measures: Skin contact: Remove contaminated clothing and thoroughly wash the skin with soapy water and clean water. Eye contact: Lift the eyelids and rinse with flowing water or saline. Seek medical attention. Inhalation: Quickly move to a place with fresh air. Keep the airway clear. If there is difficulty breathing, administer oxygen. If breathing stops, perform artificial respiration immediately. Seek medical attention. Ingestion: Drink plenty of warm water, induce vomiting, and seek medical attention. Fire extinguishing method: Move the container away from the fire as much as possible to an open area. **Keep the containers at the fire site cooled down until the fire is extinguished. If a container in a fire has changed color or noises are coming from its safety pressure relief device, it must be evacuated immediately. Extinguishing agents: alcohol-resistant foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide, sand. Using water to extinguish the fire is ineffective.

It is relatively stable to bases; when heated with dilute hydrochloric acid, it readily decomposes into formaldehyde and methanol

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