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Practical operating procedures for industrial centrifugal pumps, including operation steps and routine maintenance. I. Operation Steps A. Pump startup steps 1. Check whether all fastening components are secure, whether the pressure gauge is functioning properly, the lubrication condition of the bearing chamber, and whether the pump rotates smoothly when turned by hand； 2. Open the inlet valve and check for any leaks; if any are found, contact someone to address them. Then, discharge the gas from inside the pump ； 3. Connect the power supply and check whether the steering is correct. Once operation is normal, open the outlet valve immediately; do not keep the outlet valve closed for an extended period (within 3 minutes) to avoid pump damage due to overheating ； 4. Check again the gauge readings, operating noise, vibration, bearing chamber temperature, motor operation, and whether there is any leakage from the mechanical seal, among other things. B. Stop or switch the pump: 1. Start the standby pump following the startup procedure, then slowly close the outlet valve, while monitoring the operation of the standby pump to ensure there are no abnormalities, and finally close the outlet valve completely. 2. Press the stop button to shut down the pump ； 3. Close the inlet valve. II. Daily Maintenance 1. When starting or stopping the pump, with the pump outlet valve closed, the pump should not operate continuously for more than 3 minutes to avoid damaging its components ； 2. Regularly check the operation of the motor and pump, including tightness, vibration, and leakage issues, and address them promptly ； 3. It is necessary to check the temperature of the pump, by comparing the temperature of the pump chamber with that of the medium, in order to determine the pump’s flow rate. The bearing temperature should not exceed 70℃ ； 4. Check the oil level in the bearing chamber to ensure it is at the proper level; the oil should be completely replaced after three to six months of continuous operation to prevent it from deteriorating ； 5. It is necessary to regularly check the pressure of the pump; the pump should not operate continuously at a flow rate lower than 30% of its designed value. The filter of the pump should be cleaned as needed to prevent insufficient flow due to blockages ； 6. The standby pump should be rotated 180 degrees daily during the day shift to prevent rusting and deformation of the pump rotor. For pumps that have not been in use for a long time, the liquid inside them should be drained and purged to avoid rusting and damage to the equipment ；