Water flow velocity

It can be said that it is caused by the relatively small pipe diameter during the design process.

One type has a relatively large diameter, such as the main circulating water pipe, allowing the flow rate to be increased somewhat. Another option is when the pipe diameter is insufficient, but the pump has sufficient head, so they make do with that.

I think it has to do with its purpose; the flow rate for boiler water is generally above 3, while it’s below 3 for other uses, as different applications require very different flow rates.

The flow rate of water as mentioned in the principles of chemical engineering refers to the flow rate under conditions that allow for energy savings and efficient use of pumps. In production, there are often situations where an increased flow rate is required; for example, in systems that use forced circulation, a common approach is to increase the pump’s head and flow rate. Since a higher head enables greater ability to overcome the resistance posed by the pipe walls, the flow rate within the pipes naturally increases. This does not contradict the concept of flow rate as described in the principles of chemical engineering. This increase in flow rate is based on the sacrifice of energy. However, it is not necessary to do this during the design process; try to avoid using this method to increase traffic, as it is very uneconomical, since the energy consumption per unit of traffic increased in this way is much higher than that of an economically sound design approach.

Generally speaking, there is no need to increase the speed for forced circulation; increasing the flow rate can improve the heat exchange efficiency or create turbulence artificially.

The 1-3 meters you mentioned refer only to values used during design; they are empirical data intended for simple calculations! ! ! When designing, a relatively slow speed is usually chosen, and then rounding is applied. Leave some margin.