What are the main procedures for starting delayed coking?

A method of cracking oil. Its main purpose is to convert residual oil with high residual carbon content into light oil. The device used can perform circulation operation, that is, the heavier fraction of the coking distillate oil of heavy oil is used as circulating oil, and the residence time in the device is longer. It can improve the yield and decarburization efficiency of light oil. It has the advantages of continuous operation, large processing capacity, strong flexibility and high decarbonization efficiency. Delayed coking is a secondary petroleum processing technology that uses hydrogen-depleted heavy oil as raw material to perform deep thermal cracking and condensation reactions at high temperatures (about 500°C) to produce gas, gasoline, diesel, wax oil, and coke. The so-called delay means that the coking oil (raw oil and circulating oil) is heated in the heating furnace and quickly heated to the coking reaction temperature. Coking does not occur in the reactor tube, but enters the coke tower for coking reaction. Therefore, there is a delay effect, which is called delayed coking technology. The residual oil is first heated and enters the coke tower and then undergoes the coking reaction process. It is a semi-continuous process. Generally, there are one furnace (heating furnace) and two towers (coking tower) or two furnaces and four towers. The heating furnace is continuously fed and the coking tower operates in rotation. It is currently one of the main methods for deep processing of residual oil in the world. The raw oil (vacuum residual oil or other heavy oil such as deoiled asphalt, clarified oil or even dirty oil) is heated to 495~505℃ and enters the coke tower. After it is gradually filled (leaving a certain space), it enters another coke tower. The hot feed oil undergoes a coking reaction in the coke tower, and the generated light products enter the fractionation tower from the top to fractionate petroleum gas, gasoline, diesel and heavy distillate oil. Heavy distillate oil can be sent for further processing (such as as cracking feedstock) or can be fully or partially recycled back to the raw oil system. The coke remaining in the coke drum is discharged with a drill or hydraulic decoking. After the coke tower is empty, the hot raw materials can be fed again. The yield of coke in this process varies with the residual coke of the feed oil. The yield of petroleum gas is generally about 10% (mass). The rest varies due to different cycle ratios, but the diesel/steam ratio is greater than 1.

The poster is definitely not a coker, otherwise you can easily find the construction plan by opening an installation manual. :lol