Boiler ignition method and steps
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a. When the boiler receives the ignition order, he should conduct a comprehensive inspection of the stationary and rotating equipment of all boiler systems as required, remove all debris, and lay a layer of prepared base material (0~8mm) on the bottom of the furnace with a height of 350~400mm, a uniform thickness, and a drum water level of -25mm. b. Close the furnace door, start the induced draft fan and primary fan, keep the negative pressure in the combustion chamber at 50-100pa, and then gradually increase the primary air volume to the minimum fluidizing air volume to fluidize the bottom material. The entire bed surface should be boiling evenly. c. Start the ignition oil pump and adjust the fuel ignition pressure to 1.962MPa. Remove the oil gun and test its atomization effect. Note that there should be no open flames in front of or near the oil gun. After testing that the atomization is good, reinstall the oil gun for later use. d. Appropriately close the primary damper on the main primary air duct, and appropriately open the combustion damper of the ignition device. e. Open the manual valve of the ignition oil pipeline and start ignition through the ignition button. After the oil gun is automatically extended into the combustion chamber and is in place, the fire hole should be able to observe immediate ignition. After the flame stabilizes, adjust the fuel volume and ignition damper to control the air chamber temperature to <700°C. f. If the primary ignition is unsuccessful, immediately press the ignition stop button to stop ignition, increase the primary air and induced air volume, ventilate for 5 minutes to prevent deflagration, and check whether the oil system, oil volume, air volume, and igniter are normal, and ignite again. If it is still not ignited after three times, purge and ventilate for 15 minutes before igniting again, find out the cause, and take corresponding measures. g. 2 hours after ignition is the preheating stage. The purpose is to slowly heat up the boiler and control the heating rate of the material layer to not exceed 5°C/min to prevent excessive stress. After that, the oil volume can be gradually increased to keep the smoke temperature at the exit of the combustion chamber between 700 and 800°C. h. When the temperature of the material bed rises to about 700°C, start the belt feeder to feed a small amount of coal at low speed, and at the same time open the sealing air, coal conveying air and coal spreading air door. If the bed temperature does not rise but drops after coal feeding, coal feeding should be stopped immediately, the cause should be found and adjusted, and coal feeding will continue until the temperature of the material bed continues to rise. When the material layer temperature rises to 800°C, reduce the oil gun pressure and adjust the coal volume and air volume to control the bed temperature to rise steadily. i. When the furnace temperature rises to about 900°C, control the coal feeding and when the combustion is stable, withdraw the oil gun, adjust the speed of the coal feeder and the primary air volume appropriately, control the furnace temperature at 850~950°C, start the return fan, adjust the return air valve, and allow it to fluidize and circulate until it enters normal operation. j. After successful ignition, while ensuring normal fluidization, the coal feeder speed, primary air volume and induced air volume should be adjusted frequently to ensure that the material layer heats up stably, and the temperature of the material layer measuring points should be close to each other. k. In order to control the temperature rise too fast and the temperature difference between the upper and lower walls of the steam drum is too large (<50°C), the primary air volume can be adjusted appropriately to make the fluidized bed bottom material fluidize faster. After the ignition is normal, a comprehensive inspection of the boiler equipment will be carried out. l. After normal ignition, put the electrostatic precipitator into operation according to the operating procedures of the electrostatic precipitator, and put the ash transport device into operation according to the operating procedures of the ash removal system. Things to note during ignition: a. In the initial stage of ignition, the pressure increase speed should be slow, the pressure increase curve should be smooth, and the saturated steam temperature increase rate should be controlled to <50°C/h﹙1.0-1.5°C/min﹚ to avoid excessive pressure fluctuations in a short period of time. b. The ignition must be carried out in a fluidized state, especially the fluidization of the bed material at the four corners, and no local immobility is allowed. c. During the fire stage, pay attention to observe the color of the base material through the fire viewing hole to determine the actual bed temperature, and contact it in time to make timely adjustments. d. Control the temperature rise rate of the bed temperature and the primary air volume and coal supply volume must be timely and accurate, otherwise it is likely to cause coking or fire extinguishing. e. After successful ignition, put the slag cooler and slag conveyor into operation when slag needs to be discharged.
a. The boiler equipment is in normal condition and combustion is stable. b. The steam temperature is above 380℃. c. When the steam pressure is 0.05-0.1MPa lower than the main pipe pressure, it can remain stable. d. The steam quality is qualified. e. The drum water level gauge has been rinsed and compared and confirmed to be accurate and reliable. The drum water level gauge remains at minus 50 mm.
a. The drum water level fluctuates within the normal range by adjusting the opening of the water supply door. Water should be supplied evenly. It is strictly prohibited to significantly adjust or interrupt the boiler water supply during normal operation. b. During normal operation of the boiler, the water level should be kept within ±50mm and is not allowed to exceed ±75mm. c. The adjustment of boiler water supply should be based on the instructions of the local water level gauge. Only when the automatic water supply regulator, two local water level gauges, water level alarm, and electric contact water level gauge are intact, can the boiler feed water be adjusted according to the instructions of the electric contact water level gauge and two low-level water level gauges. d. When the automatic water supply regulator is put into operation, changes in water level should still be monitored frequently, and the water supply flow and steam flow should be frequently checked to see if they match. If the automatic water supply regulator fails, the water supply should be adjusted manually in time, and thermal workers should be notified in a timely manner to solve the problems found. e. Frequently monitor changes in feed water pressure and feed water temperature during normal operation. During normal operation, it should be ensured that the two water level gauges are complete, the indication is correct, clearly visible, and the lighting is sufficient. If there are false water levels or inaccuracies, they can be flushed at any time. Under normal circumstances, they should be flushed once a day during the day shift. f. The indications of the dial water level gauge and the drum local water level gauge should be checked regularly. Except for the check at shift handover, the indications should be checked every three hours. Under special circumstances, the water level gauge should be checked at any time. If any inconsistency is found, the accuracy of the drum water level gauge should be verified and flushed if necessary. If the dial water level gauge indicates incorrectly, the thermal worker should be notified to deal with it, and the water supply should be adjusted according to the instructions of the drum water level gauge, and the problems discovered and the results after treatment should be recorded in the squad leader and boiler record books. g. The high and low alarm device of the water level gauge should be tested once a month. During the test, the combustion should be kept stable and the water level gauge indication is correct. When the drum water level gauge and dial water level gauge indicate ±75, the alarm horn will sound and the light plate will display. If the horn does not sound and the light plate does not display, the test should be stopped and a thermal engineer should be asked to eliminate it. After the problem is eliminated, the test should be repeated. After the test, the problems discovered and the test results should be recorded in the squad leader's and stoker's record books.