I would appreciate it if an experienced expert could advise me—how are boiling accidents in floating roof tanks detected and confirmed?

It’s too long; I’ll send it in a separate post. Please stay tuned

I have encountered incidents of oil tank bumping during actual production, so I will provide a brief explanation using terms from practical production experience; if you have any questions, feel free to post them and I can answer them using professional terminology. 1. First, the condition for boiling over in heavy oil tanks is that the temperature of the medium stored in the tank exceeds 100 degrees. 2. When oil tanks come into contact with water, and the water reaches 100 degrees Celsius, it turns into water vapor as a result of heating, causing its volume to increase dramatically at that point. 3. Due to the high density of water, which is located at the bottom of the tank, when it turns into steam, the oil on top boils upward together with the steam. It causes boiling in the oil tank. Confirmation of boiling over: 1. When a oil tank boils over, it vibrates significantly, with the tank walls and roof shaking. 2. When the level in the tank is high, oil leakage can occur from the vent holes on the tank top, the gauge ports, the hydraulic safety valve, and the seals. Precautionary measures: 1. Strictly control the process parameters for oil temperature; it must not exceed the specified limits under any circumstances. If the temperature inside the tank exceeds 100 degrees due to production requirements, it is essential to control the oil level properly and avoid filling the tank to capacity. 2. During normal production, the oil tanks should be dehydrated regularly to prevent boiling over due to water accumulation in the tanks. 3. When using steam to clean the inlet and outlet pipelines of the oil tank, the temperature inside the tank must not exceed 100 degrees under any circumstances – remember this! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

; When crude oil and heavy petroleum products burn in tanks, the surface temperature gradually rises to 60–80°C, after which it increases abruptly to 250–360°C. Such high temperatures and heat gradually heat the deeper parts of the liquid; this phenomenon is called a heat wave. The boundary between hot oil and cold oil is called the heat wave interface. About 5–10 minutes after the oil begins to burn, a heat wave interface forms at a depth of approximately 6–9 cm below the liquid surface. According to experiments, the temperature of the hot oil at this heat wave interface can reach 149–316°C. If combustion continues and the temperature keeps rising, the light fractions keep evaporating, while the asphaltenes, resins, and coke products in the heavy fractions are heavier than oil and thus settle downward. This creates a thermal wave front that moves deeper into the oil layer, until it encounters the water layer; there the water droplets turn into steam, their volume increasing by 1,700 times. A large number of steam bubbles surrounded by an oil film form a foamy mass of oil that moves toward the surface of the oil tank, resulting in boiling and splashing that exacerbates the fire.

What the original poster is asking is not what boiling over of heavy oil means! It’s not either the phenomenon of boiling over in a dome tank! What the landlord wants to know is—how can boiling over in a floating roof tank be detected and confirmed! ! ! Dizzy? Are those up there trying to cheat for points?

Everyone was already discussing the phenomenon of boiling over in floating roof tanks; generally, crude oil is stored in external floating roof tanks, and aren’t external floating roofs just a type of floating roof tank? ! ! ! ! :When a floating roof tank experiences boiling, the tank wall shakes and oil sprays out from the seals! !

I have worked in the tank area for over a decade, and I have witnessed boil-over accidents in dome-shaped oil tanks. It was a 200-cubic-meter oil slurry tank; water was present during cleaning operations in the catalysis workshop, and the temperature inside the tank was high, causing oil to spray out from the measuring holes at great heights. I quickly closed the oil inlet valve to prevent any movement inside the tank. Oil spilled all over the road, and it took hours to clean it up with brooms the next morning. Too **

I witnessed with my own eyes the boiling over of the 2000-liter catalytic slurry tank with a dome-shaped roof; the roof was lifted off, and only the top ring plates of the tank walls deformed (if it had not been the low design strength of the roof, the entire tank would have been destroyed). Pinkish-yellow oil mist rose into the air, just like a mushroom cloud formed after an explosion. Therefore, the reason is an emergency shutdown of the catalytic unit, resulting in the withdrawal of the oil slurry. The personnel on duty at the tank area noticed that the temperature of the oil tanks was too high, and there were loud noises inside the tanks; they called to inform the dispatch team and the workshop, but the accident still occurred. The tank area turned into a pool of hot oil. Boiling over in oil tanks usually occurs under emergency conditions, with high-temperature media (containing steam) continuously flowing in. Floating roof tanks can only raise their temperature slowly through the heaters inside them, and oil and gas will leak out automatically; as long as the temperature is properly controlled and dehydration is ensured, no accidents will occur. Furthermore, the area of the oil tank heater is determined based on the tank capacity and the temperature required by the oil processing process; it is generally not possible to raise the temperature to 100 degrees.

What I saw was boiling over in a domed insulated tank; there was a loud noise, and it seemed as though the entire tank rose upward, its structure deforming and rendering it unusable. At that time, the oil at the bottom of the tank was being drawn off, with the temperature raised to 115°C.