Why do fuel cells need dynamic vapor adsorption testing?

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Why do fuel cells need dynamic vapor adsorption testing? Water content is a key indicator affecting the performance of proton exchange membranes. The degree of hydration in a proton exchange membrane is critical to its performance. If the hydration is too weak, the polymer's ionic conductivity will drastically decrease, and membrane water loss is a known fuel cell failure mechanism. On the other hand, if the degree of hydration is too high, excess water can fill the pores in the gas diffusion membrane, blocking reaction sites or impeding material transport within the electrode structure. In addition, the water vapor diffusion coefficient is a function of water content as a variable, which is an important parameter characterizing the performance of proton exchange membranes. Dynamic water adsorption test (DVS Intrinsic) is an advanced method to characterize the kinetics and thermal changes of water absorption and loss of materials.