About 50 accidents have occurred in chemical laboratories

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There have been about 50 accidents in the chemistry laboratory where potassium chlorate fell to the ground and caught fire. ◆The fire occurred while using an organic spoon to deliver diacetyl peroxide for weighing. ◆When the concentrated hydrogen peroxide solution is sealed and stored, the plug flies out, and the hydrogen peroxide overflows and catches fire (it is better to plug it with a breathable plug). ◆Ditert-butyl peroxide was refined with silica gel. When filtered through a Buchner funnel, it exploded (due to peroxide precipitating on the filter plate). ◆When hydrogen peroxide is used to produce oxygen, as soon as manganese dioxide is added, it reacts violently and causes the flask to rupture. The concentrated nitric acid got on the clothes and caused a fire. ◆Rags soaked with concentrated sulfuric acid and rags stained with waste oil were discarded together and caught fire. ◆The melting point measuring tube containing hot concentrated sulfuric acid ruptured, and the concentrated sulfuric acid got on the hands and caused burns. A bottle containing yellow phosphorus fell from a medicine shelf, spilled yellow phosphorus and caught fire. ◆When aluminum powder catches fire, if you use water to put out the fire, the fire will become more intense. ◆When pouring molten yellow phosphorus into water to make small particles, the beaker tilted and the yellow phosphorus spilled out, causing a fire and burning clothes, causing burns. A bottle containing triethylaluminum diluted with a solvent was placed in a carton for transportation. The bottle broke and leaked, causing a fire. ◆The reducing nickel catalyst was washed on filter paper and then thrown into the trash, causing a fire. ◆In the fume hood, LiAlH4 ■ was used for the reduction reaction, and a fire occurred when ether was added to the flask containing LiAlH4. Ether seeped out of the storage bottle and caught fire caused by the flame of a burner two meters away. ◆While washing the flask with a small amount of ether remaining, the flame of the water heater suddenly ignited and caused a fire. ◆When a flask containing an ether solution was stored in a refrigerator, ether vapor leaked out. Sparks generated by the electrical switch in the box caused a fire and explosion, and the door of the box was blown off (substances such as ether should be stored in a refrigerator with an explosion-proof device). ◆When burning carbon disulfide waste liquid, at the moment of ignition, explosive flames will fly and cause burns (when burning such substances, you should put burning wood chips in an open place at a distance for ignition). During the distillation of toluene, you forget to add zeolite, which will cause a bump and cause a fire. ◆When glass processing is performed on a container with organic solvent left in it, it may cause fire and explosion, resulting in injuries. ◆When something stained with waste gasoline is thrown into a fire and burned, an unexpectedly violent flame will occur and cause burns. ◆When the flask is washed with acetone and then placed in a drying oven for drying, the remaining acetone vaporizes and causes an explosion. The door of the drying box was blown apart and flew into the distance. ◆The heated solution is extracted with xylene in a separatory funnel. When the cock of the separatory funnel is opened, xylene is sprayed out, causing a fire. ◆When the lubricating oil is distilled under reduced pressure, it is directly heated by a gas flame. After steaming, immediately open the decompression cock and explode when air is put into the flask. ◆In the process of heating the oil bath to a high temperature, when the gas flame is extinguished and the air switch is turned off, a long swaying flame suddenly stretches out and the oil bath catches fire (when extinguishing the gas flame, first close the cock of its main air source). ◆When the burning oil bath was covered with carbon tetrachloride to extinguish the fire, it boiled in the oil, causing the burning oil to splash and expand the fire. During the distillation of the nitration reactants, when there is very little residual liquid left, an explosion suddenly occurs (because there are many nitro compounds in the distillation residue, they cannot be over-distilled out). ◆Use old ether to carry out the extraction operation, and then evaporate the ether from the extract. The material obtained was heated and dried in an oven when it exploded, and the door of the oven was blown to pieces. ◆Will * * When furan is distilled and recovered, if the same flask with the residual liquid is used for distillation several times, an explosion will occur (due to the formation of ether and * * Furan peroxide). ◆When the cork is pulled out of a 30% hydrogen peroxide reagent bottle, an explosion often occurs. ◆In the process of using hydrogen peroxide to produce oxygen, when manganese dioxide was added, a violent reaction occurred, causing the flask to rupture. A cylinder filled with chlorine gas was mistakenly thought to be empty, but when the valve was opened, a large amount of chlorine gas was sprayed out, causing poisoning. ◆During the pressurization reaction of the mixed gas of propylene and ammonia, a small amount of leakage was found in the valve. During the repair process, the leak increased to the point where the repair was impossible and poisoning occurred (repairs under pressure are dangerous). ◆A self-made container was filled with ammonia gas and wrapped in canvas. During the transportation process, the weld of the container broke and the ammonia gas rushed out, causing frostbite. Moreover, respiratory organs are also damaged. ◆Directly smelling the odor of unreacted ammonia dissolved in the reaction product and falling down or getting injured. ◆After inhaling low-concentration gases such as chlorine, hydrogen sulfide, and sulfur dioxide for a long time, you will feel irritable, have a headache, and feel nauseated.