【Let’s chat about the Hundred Family Surnames by the sea】---Qian
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Origin of Surnames I. Tracing Ancestry – Zheng Qiao of the Song Dynasty, \"Tongzhi\". The ‘Clan Compendium’ classifies the Qian clan under those whose surname originates from their official position, stating that Lu, a great-grandson of Emperor Zhuan, lived to an extremely long age; his descendant Fu was a high-ranking official in the Zhou dynasty, and it was based on this official position that their surname was established. According to the Records of the Grand Historian. According to the \"Chu Shi Jia,\" Lu Zhong was a great-grandson of Zhuanxu. His wife became pregnant for three years and gave birth by cesarean section to six sons, among whom the third was Peng Zu. Peng Zu was a famous long-lived person. According to the \"Shiben,\" his surname was Jian and his given name was Keng; he served as a librarian during the Shang dynasty and as an official in charge of records during the Zhou dynasty, living to the age of 800 years. "His descendant Peng Fu served as a senior official in the Treasury Department during the Western Zhou Dynasty (the Treasury Department was the agency responsible for managing financial affairs) ； Shangshi is an official rank; during the Zhou Dynasty, among the scholars there were Shangshi, Zhongshi, and Xiashi. Peng Fu took this official rank as his surname, which became the Qian surname. Since the Western Zhou Dynasty established its capital in Haojing (present-day Xi’an, Shaanxi), Peng Fubi served as an official there, and thus the Qian surname originated in Shaanxi.
II. Migration and Distribution: In its early stages, the Qian clan was mainly found in the Jiangnan region, with some members also living in present-day provinces such as Shandong and Henan. During the Qin Dynasty, there was an Imperial Censor named Qian Chan, whose descendants lived in Xiapi. Qian Lin, from Xuzhou during the Western Han Dynasty, abandoned his official position and went into seclusion in Changxing Beimenli due to Wang Mang’s tyranny. Qian Xun, to avoid the chaos caused by Wang, moved to Wucheng. In the early Tang dynasty, Chen Zheng and Chen Yuanguang, father and son from Gushi in Guangzhou, went to Fujian to establish Zhangzhou; some generals and officers with the surname Qian from the Central Plains followed them there and settled down in Fujian. During the Song and Yuan dynasties, the Qian clan expanded to present-day provinces such as Guangdong, Sichuan, Anhui, and Hunan. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were communities of the Qian family in what are now provinces and cities such as Shanghai, Yunnan, and Hubei. Starting from the Qing dynasty, some members of the Qian family who lived in Fujian, Guangdong, and the coastal areas gradually moved to Taiwan, with others later moving abroad. Qian Miao, a native of Lin’an in Hangzhou at the end of the Tang dynasty, served as the governor of Zhenhai. In 896 he defeated Dong Chang and took control of what is now Zhejiang, southwestern Jiangsu, and northeastern Fujian. In 907, he was appointed King of Wuyue by the Later Liang dynasty; he styled himself as the king of Wuyue. During his reign, he mobilized laborers to build irrigation projects along the Qiantang River and Taihu Lake, which contributed to the development of agriculture in those areas. The Wu-Yue Kingdom lasted for 84 years. Its last ruler was Qian Shu, a grandson of Qian Miao; in 978 he surrendered the lands that he had refused to hand over to the Northern Song Dynasty, and was granted the title of Prince of Deng. This was the only Qian dynasty in Chinese history.
Hall name “Wuyue Hall”: Qian Miao was the founding ruler of the Wuyue state during the Five Dynasties period. During the Later Tang dynasty, he was merely a minor general. But he was well-versed in military strategy and an excellent fighter; he defeated Wang Ying, eliminated Huang Chao, and put an end to Liu Hanhong’s rebellion. Due to his numerous military achievements, the emperor promoted him to the position of Governor of Zhenhai. At that time, Dong Chang rebelled; after he suppressed Dong Chang, the emperor appointed him as the King of Yue, and later as the King of Wu. During the reign of Emperor Taizu of Liang, he was appointed as the King of Wuyue.
Historical figure Qian Miao: A statesman of the Five Dynasties period, founder of the Wuyue state; ruled from 907 to 932 AD. While in Juliang, he was appointed King of Wuyue. During his reign, he conscripted laborers to build seawalls along the Qiantang River. In the Taihu Lake basin, weirs and sluices were built to store floodwater at appropriate times, thus mitigating the effects of droughts and floods; moreover, a maintenance system for the water network areas was established, which benefited the agricultural economy in this region. Qian Qi: A great poet of the Tang Dynasty, whose courtesy name was Zhongwen. He was from Wuxing; he passed the imperial examinations during the Tianbao era. He was one of the \"Ten Talents of the Dali Era\" and was as renowned as Lang Shiyuan; they were collectively known as \"Qian Lang\". There is the Collected Works of Qian Kaogong. Qian Yi: The earliest famous figure with the surname Qian from the Northern Song Dynasty; he was from Zhejiang. He passed the imperial examinations at the age of seventeen, and people at that time said he possessed the talent of Li Bai. Qian Lezhi: Historian of the Southern Song Dynasty; during the Yuanjia era he was ordered to manufacture an armillary sphere, which had originally been invented by Zhang Heng of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and he also created a smaller version of such an armillary sphere. During the late Song and early Yuan dynasties, there was the painter Qian Xuan; in the Ming dynasty, there were the scholar Qian Dehong and the painter Qian Gu. In the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, there was Qian Qianyi. During the Qing dynasty, there were the book collector Qian Zeng, the scholar Qian Tang, and the expert in philology and textual analysis Qian Dazhao, as well as the painter Qian Du and the seal carver Qian Song. In modern times, there was the botanist Qian Chongshu.