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Source: Ultra-thin touch paperless recorder http://yunrun.com.cn/product/2696.html Recently, in order to further implement the innovation-driven development strategy, promote the healthy and orderly development of new types of research and development institutions, and enhance the overall efficiency of the **innovation system, the Ministry of Science and Technology issued the \"Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of New Types of Research and Development Institutions.\" The full text is as follows: Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Development of New Types of Research and Development Institutions To further implement the innovation-driven development strategy, promote the healthy and orderly development of new types of research and development institutions, and enhance the overall efficiency of the **innovation system, the following opinions are put forward. I. New-type R&D institutions are independent legal entities that focus on the needs of scientific and technological innovation, engaging primarily in scientific research, technological innovation, and R&D services. They feature diversified investment sources, modern management systems, market-oriented operation mechanisms, and flexible employment practices. Such institutions can be registered in accordance with the law as private non-enterprise organizations in the field of science and technology (social service organizations), public institutions, or enterprises. II. To promote the development of new types of R&D institutions, it is necessary to emphasize innovation in institutional mechanisms, strengthen policy guidance and support, pay attention to combining incentives with constraints, and encourage participation from all sectors of society. By developing new types of R&D institutions, further optimizing the distribution of scientific research capabilities, strengthening the supply of industrial technologies, and promoting the transfer and application of scientific and technological achievements, it is possible to foster a deep integration of technological innovation with economic and social development. III. Develop new types of R&D institutions, adhering to the principle that \"the entity that establishes them is responsible for them, and the same entity can dissolve them.\" The organizing entities (the authorities in charge of the operations and the funders) should provide support for the management and operation of these new types of research institutions, as well as for their research and innovation activities. They should guide such institutions to focus on scientific research, technological innovation, and research services, preventing them from having too broad a scope of activities and from expanding into other fields. IV. New R&D institutions should generally meet the following conditions. (1) It has independent legal person status and a sound and comprehensive internal control system. (II) It mainly engages in basic research, applied basic research, the development of key technologies common to various industries, the transfer and commercialization of scientific and technological achievements, as well as R&D services. (III) Possess the necessary conditions and facilities for carrying out research and development, testing, and services. (IV) A talent team with a relatively reasonable and stable structure and strong R&D capabilities. (5) Having a relatively stable source of income, which mainly includes contributions from investors, income from technology development, technology transfer, technical services, and technical consulting, **income from purchasing services, as well as funds obtained from undertaking scientific research projects. V. New R&D institutions established through diversified investment should, in principle, adopt a decision-making system based on a council or board of directors (hereinafter referred to as the “council”), as well as a responsibility system led by the president, director, or general manager (hereinafter referred to as the “institution leader”). Their statutes shall be formulated in accordance with laws, regulations, and the agreements among the investors, and the institutions shall be managed and operated in line with these statutes. (1) The articles of association shall specify the responsibilities and composition of the board of directors, as well as the mechanisms for its formation; the methods for selecting the chairman and directors and the qualifications required for them; the main sources of funding and the scope of operations; the management of revenues from core business activities; and the mechanism for distributing revenues derived from resources provided for support. (II) The members of the board of directors should, in principle, include investors, representatives from the industry, experts in the relevant field, and representatives of the institution itself. The council is responsible for selecting the head of the institute, formulating and amending the statutes, approving development plans, annual work plans, financial budgets and accounts, as well as matters related to salary distribution. (III) The legal representative is generally the director of the institute. The director is fully responsible for research activities and daily management, promotes internal control and oversight, implements the resolutions of the board of directors, and is accountable to the board. (IV) Establish an advisory committee to provide advice on the institution’s development strategy, major scientific and technological issues, as well as research integrity and ethics. VI. New R&D institutions should comprehensively strengthen Party building. In accordance with the provisions of the *Constitution of China*, Party organizations shall be established to fully play their role as strongholds within new-type research and development institutions, strengthen political leadership, and ensure that the Party’s leadership is effectively implemented. VII. Promote new types of R&D institutions to establish scientific R&D organizational structures and internal control systems, and strengthen the construction of research integrity and research ethics. New R&D institutions determine their research topics on their own, based on the actual needs of scientific research, technological innovation, and R&D services; they establish and adjust R&D units as needed, and flexibly allocate researchers, organize R&D teams, and manage research equipment. VIII. New-type R&D institutions should adopt market-based employment mechanisms and salary systems, give full play to the decisive role of market mechanisms in allocating innovation resources, publicly recruit staff on their own, determine employees’ salary levels reasonably in line with market standards, and establish an income distribution mechanism that corresponds to innovation capabilities and performance. Personnel from universities and research institutions who engage in technology research and development and related services on a part-time basis at new R&D institutions through means such as project collaboration are managed in accordance with the contract signed between the two parties. IX. New R&D institutions should establish a classified evaluation system. Around scientific research, technological innovation, and R&D services, evaluation indicators are established in a scientific and rational manner, with emphasis on the quality and impact of innovations, while also giving due consideration to user evaluations. X. Encourage new types of R&D institutions to implement an information disclosure system, making major matters and annual reports available to the public through public channels. 11. Eligible new-type R&D institutions may benefit from the following policy measures. (1) Submit applications for various **scientific and technological projects** such as **major scientific and technological initiatives**, **key research and development programs**, and **natural science funds**, as well as for innovation hubs and talent programs, in accordance with the requirements. (II) Organize or participate in professional title evaluation work in accordance with regulations. (III) In accordance with provisions such as the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements, scientific and technological personnel are motivated to carry out the transformation of such achievements through methods such as the sale of equity, equity incentives, stock options, distribution of project profits, and performance-based bonuses. (IV) In line with the actual needs of industrial development, establish strategic alliances for industrial technology innovation, explore long-term and stable mechanisms for integration of industry, academia, and research, organize research and development in industrial technologies, and formulate industry technical standards. (5) Actively participate in international exchanges and cooperation in science, technology, and talent. Establish **international science and technology cooperation bases** and **demonstration sites for attracting talent and expertise** ； Develop foreign talent resources, and attract, gather, and cultivate world-class high-level innovative talents ； Carry out research and development in collaboration with renowned overseas universities, research institutions, multinational companies, etc., and establish organizations for research and development as well as technology services. XII. Encourage the establishment of new types of R&D institutions with the nature of private non-enterprise entities (social service organizations) in the field of science and technology. Private non-enterprise organizations in the technology sector should be registered and regulated in accordance with the law; the profits generated from their operations are primarily used for the management and operation of the organization, as well as for its development, construction, and research and innovation efforts. The investors are not entitled to receive any dividends. Qualified private non-enterprise organizations in the field of technology are entitled to tax incentives in accordance with the \"Enterprise Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China\", the \"Implementation Regulations of the Enterprise Income Tax Law of the People’s Republic of China\", as well as regulations regarding enterprise income tax for non-profit organizations, individual income tax on the transformation of job-related scientific and technological achievements, and import taxes related to technological innovation. 13. New-type R&D institutions of an enterprise nature shall be registered and managed in accordance with the Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on the Registration and Administration of Companies. Enterprises operating as new types of R&D institutions are encouraged not to distribute the profits generated from their operations; such profits should be used primarily for the institution’s management, development, construction, and R&D activities. In accordance with the \"Notice of the Ministry of Finance, the State Taxation Administration, and the Ministry of Science and Technology on Improving the Policy for Additional Deductions for Research and Development Expenses before Tax\" (Caishui [2015] No. 119), enterprise-based new types of research and development institutions are eligible to benefit from this policy of additional deductions before tax. In accordance with the \"Administrative Measures for the Recognition of High-Tech Enterprises\" (Guo Ke Fa Huo [2016] No. 32), enterprise-type new R&D institutions can apply for recognition as high-tech enterprises and enjoy corresponding tax incentives. 14. Local authorities **may, in accordance with the needs of regional innovation development, adopt a range of policy measures to support the establishment and growth of new types of R&D institutions. (1) Provide support in areas such as infrastructure development, acquisition of scientific research equipment, housing services for talents, and operating funds, to facilitate the orderly establishment and operation of new types of R&D institutions. (II) Utilize support mechanisms such as innovation vouchers to encourage enterprises to purchase R&D and innovation services from new-type R&D institutions. (III) Conduct performance evaluations and provide corresponding support to new R&D institutions based on the evaluation results. 15. Localities are encouraged to use the central government’s special funds for guiding local science and technology development to support the establishment and operation of new types of R&D institutions. Encourage **science and technology achievement transformation guidance funds to support new R&D institutions in transferring, transforming, and utilizing science and technology achievements resulting from fiscal funds and other resources. 16. The Ministry of Science and Technology conducts follow-up evaluations of new types of R&D institutions, builds a database of such institutions, and releases annual reports on them. Include new types of R&D institutions within the scope of innovation surveys and statistical surveys, and gradually bring such institutions in small-scale enterprises under the **statistical coverage. Local science and technology administration departments are responsible for coordinating and promoting the development of new R&D institutions in their respective regions, carrying out monitoring and evaluation, and making dynamic adjustments. 17. Establish a supervision and accountability mechanism for new types of R&D institutions. New-type R&D institutions that violate regulations regarding science and technology plans, funding, etc., or that breach research ethics, academic integrity, and research honesty are held accountable in accordance with laws and regulations. 18. Localities may refer to these guidelines, base their actions on actual conditions and highlight local characteristics, in order to study and formulate policy measures to promote the development of new types of R&D institutions and carry out pilot initiatives.