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Source: Regulator http://yunrun.com.cn/product/list_73.html For a long time, China has had low labor costs, and insufficient investment in the automation, numerical control, and intelligence of manufacturing equipment, which has resulted in a low overall level of automation and intelligence in Chinese production. There are still some issues with current intelligent manufacturing. Mr. Jiang Mingwei, a leading expert from the Beijing Institute of Mechanical Industry Automation, is one of the earliest experts in China to engage in enterprise management and information technology initiatives; he has accumulated valuable theoretical and practical experience. Following the introduction of the strategy \"Made in China 2025,\" as a senior expert in this field, Mr. Jiang Mingwei has led various enterprises in carrying out activities related to the integration of information technology and industrial processes, as well as providing consulting services on intelligent manufacturing and planning for smart factories. Leveraging his decades of extensive theoretical and practical experience, as well as his unique insights into China Manufacturing 2025, the integration of information technology and manufacturing, and intelligent manufacturing, Mr. Jiang Mingwei authored the book \"Planning and Design of Intelligent Factories in the Machinery Manufacturing Industry\" in 2017. This book outlines intelligent design systems and the overall framework of intelligent factories in the manufacturing sector, explains various modules such as intelligent production, intelligent products, and intelligent services, and provides a comprehensive set of solutions for implementing intelligent factories. Here are a series of excerpts from the book \"Planning and Design of Intelligent Factories in the Machinery Manufacturing Industry\" written by Mr. Jiang Mingwei. I. Current problems in intelligent manufacturing Intelligent manufacturing involves the use of intelligent equipment, sensors, process control, intelligent logistics, manufacturing execution systems, and information-physical systems to create an integrated human-machine system ； In accordance with the requirements of the process design, it enables intelligent production throughout the entire manufacturing process, scheduling based on limited capacity, automatic material delivery, status tracking, optimized control, intelligent scheduling, monitoring of equipment operation status, quality traceability and management, as well as assessment of workshop performance ； Make correct judgments and take appropriate actions regarding abnormalities in production, equipment, and quality ； Achieve integration of manufacturing execution with operational management, R&D design, and intelligent equipment ； Achieve integration of design and manufacturing, as well as integration of management. For a long time, China has had low labor costs, and insufficient investment in the automation, numerical control, and intelligence of equipment, which has resulted in a low overall level of automation and intelligence in Chinese manufacturing. Current intelligent manufacturing still faces the following issues: ① The level of digitization and intelligence of production equipment is low, with a low rate of networking, which severely hinders the establishment of digital and intelligent factories. ②The level of automation and intelligence in logistics is low; there are few automated warehouses for material handling within and outside the factory, and the automation level for material distribution at the production site as well as for material transfer between different processing stages is even lower. ③The proportion of workshops that implement MES is very low, resulting in rough production planning in these workshops, uneven equipment loading, and poor coordination in material supply. There are also issues such as chaotic material management in the workshop and inadequate monitoring of workshop work progress. ④Some companies purchase a considerable number of CNC machines or automated production lines, but the integration of these systems is poor. ⑤Data collection is severely inadequate; information such as the progress of production processes, quality conditions, equipment operation status, and material distribution cannot be provided in a timely manner. As a result, the transparency and visibility of the entire production system are low, which significantly undermines the scientific nature of production scheduling. II. Objectives of intelligent production system design 1. Digitalization and intelligence of equipment 2. Intelligence in warehousing and logistics 3. Intelligence in production execution management 4. Efficiency goals III. Detailed description of components of the intelligent production system 1. Intelligent equipment and control systems Intelligent equipment and control systems are the fundamental components of an intelligent production system; they consist of several Flexible Manufacturing Systems (FMS). According to **military standard definitions, a flexible manufacturing system is an automated manufacturing system composed of CNC machining equipment, material handling devices, and computer control systems. It includes multiple flexible manufacturing units that can be adjusted rapidly in response to changes in manufacturing tasks or production conditions, making it suitable for producing a variety of products in small to medium batch sizes. ” Flexible manufacturing systems have the following characteristics: machine flexibility, process flexibility, production capacity flexibility, maintenance flexibility, scalability flexibility, and operational flexibility. 2. Intelligent warehousing and logistics systems: From the perspective of lean production, we prefer to have as little inventory as possible, but due to factors such as batch sizes of supplies, delivery distances, and transportation costs, inventory is sometimes necessary. Building intelligent warehousing and logistics distribution systems is an important part of achieving intelligent manufacturing. An intelligent warehousing and logistics system consists of a warehousing and logistics information management system, an automatic control system, and a logistics facilities and equipment system. 3. Intelligent Manufacturing Execution System: The Manufacturing Execution System (MES) is a concept that was introduced in the 1990s by the American Advanced Manufacturing Research Institute AMR. AMR defines MES as a \"management information system at the workshop level, situated between the upper-level planning management system and the lower-level industrial control systems\", which provides operators/managers with the ability to execute plans, track their progress, and monitor the current status of all resources (people, equipment, materials, customer requirements, etc.). The Manufacturing Execution System Association (MESA) defines MES as follows: “MES acts as an intermediate layer in the factory’s integrated automation system. Guided by the long-term plans generated by the ERP system, MES utilizes real-time production-related data collected by the lower-level control systems to optimize the planning and scheduling of short-term production tasks, as well as resource allocation and the production process itself.” ” The value created by Manufacturing Execution Systems for enterprises includes: reducing the turnover time of work-in-progress and waiting times, increasing equipment utilization and workshop production capacity, enhancing the ability to respond to and handle abnormalities on site, shortening planning cycles and thus reducing the labor costs associated with planning, improving planning accuracy, shifting from a rough form of planning to more detailed plans at the level of individual processes, increasing the accuracy and timeliness of production statistics, reducing inventory levels and the amount of work-in-progress, and continuously improving the quality control process to enhance product quality. 4. Production command system and the integration of the intelligent production system with other systems ◆ Production command system ① Comprehensive display of production dynamics ② Real-time presentation of the production site ③ Production command system ◆ Integration The intelligent production system is closely integrated with enterprise resource planning systems such as ERP, as well as with research and development design systems like CAX/PLM; it connects to these systems through the MES in the intelligent production system. MES then transmits this information to the intelligent equipment and control systems as well as the intelligent logistics system, thereby achieving comprehensive integration from the underlying devices to the business management and R&D design systems. ① Integration with ERP systems: The information transmitted from the ERP system to the MES system includes production tasks, procurement (outsourcing) status, inventory information, and material delivery plans. The information transmitted from the MES system to the ERP system includes production completion status, material reprocessing, material distribution status, abnormality information, and quality during the production process. ② Integration with R&D design systems: The information transmitted from R&D design systems such as CAD/CAPP/CAM/PLM systems to the MES system includes material master data, bill of materials, design documents, process documents, CNC programs, and technical changes, thereby enabling integration of design, processes, and manufacturing. The MES system feeds back process anomalies and design anomalies to the intelligent design system. ③ Integration with intelligent service systems: The MES system transfers product quality tracking information to intelligent service systems, enabling product recalls, claims, and more. The intelligent service system transmits user feedback to MES.