Advantages and disadvantages of various carbon black production processes

Let’s give a brief introduction first. The groove method uses natural gas as raw material; it burns in a combustion chamber through a specially designed burner in contact with air. The flame then comes into contact with grooved steel bars that move back and forth slowly, causing carbon black to deposit on these bars, which is then collected to produce carbon black. Since its raw material is mainly natural gas composed of methane, it is also known as natural gas tank black or gas tank black. The low yield of channel-processed carbon black, coupled with rising natural gas prices, results in poor economic viability for it. Since the air pollution problem associated with the production of carbon black using the slot method cannot be resolved economically, this method is no longer used either domestically or internationally. The furnace method involves using gaseous hydrocarbons, liquid hydrocarbons, or mixtures of gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons in certain proportions as raw materials. An appropriate amount of air is supplied, and these materials are burned and cracked at high temperatures within a specially designed reaction furnace. The resulting carbon black remains suspended in the flue gases, which are then cooled and collected to produce carbon black. Carbon black produced using only gaseous hydrocarbon feedstocks, such as natural gas or field gas, is called carbon black produced by the gas furnace method; carbon black produced using only liquid hydrocarbon feedstocks, such as oils from coal tar or petroleum systems, is called carbon black produced by the oil furnace method; carbon black produced by using both gaseous and liquid hydrocarbon feedstocks is referred to as carbon black produced by the gas-oil furnace method. Furnace-process black carbon, particularly that produced by the oil furnace method, can yield black carbon with various properties. In the modern black carbon industry, the output of black carbon produced by the oil furnace method accounts for over 95% of the total black carbon production. The oil furnace method has become the production method with the highest yield and lowest energy consumption today. Furnace-derived carbon black offers high elongation of rubber compounds, low heat generation, high elasticity, and excellent aging resistance; it is widely used in carcass cushioning compounds as well as in various rubber products for cord bonding. It is mainly used in rubber compounds for tire cord layers, the lower tread layer, sidewalls, and inner tubes. The schematic diagram of the furnace-based process is as follows: Pyrolysis method. The pyrolysis method uses natural gas or acetylene as raw materials; in a preheated reaction furnace, with air exclusion, thermal cracking is carried out either intermittently (in two stages: combustion and heat storage, followed by thermal decomposition) or continuously (via single thermal decomposition) to produce carbon black. Carbon black produced by pyrolysis using natural gas as the main raw material is called thermally cracked carbon black. Depending on the size of the carbon black particles produced by pyrolysis, it is further divided into two types: fine-particle pyrolytic carbon black and medium-particle pyrolytic carbon black. Carbon black produced by thermal pyrolysis using acetylene gas as a raw material is called acetylene carbon black. Acetylene black has low or high electrical resistance, and can be used in conductive rubber, radio components, and the battery industry. Pyrolytic carbon black is the cheapest type of carbon black currently available. However, in the pyrolysis method, the source of carbon is natural gas. As the natural gas industry develops, its uses have become increasingly widespread and its price has risen accordingly; for economic reasons, the production volume of carbon black via this pyrolysis method is relatively low.

I would like to ask what the yield of carbon black produced from the conversion of carbon black oil is approximately, thank you