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Product design refers to the preparation and management of a series of technical tasks, from the establishment of the product design specifications to the determination of the product’s structure. It is an important part of product development and marks the beginning of the product manufacturing process; it is essential to follow the \"three-stage design\" procedure strictly. ■◆(1) Technical task statement: A technical task statement is a document submitted by the design department to its superiors during the preliminary design phase of a product, containing improved and recommended suggestions that reflect reasonable design approaches for the product. Upon approval by the higher authorities, it serves as the basis for product technical design. Its purpose is to properly determine the optimal overall design scheme for the product, its key technical performance parameters, and its operating principles; it also covers matters related to manufacturing processes and quality control measures. The comprehensive standardization requirements are formulated in conjunction with standardization experts. The numbering format and procedures are specified as follows: 1. Design basis (which may include one or several items depending on the specific circumstances): (1) Key tasks assigned by ministries or provinces: an explanation of the assigned tasks along with the relevant document numbers ； (2) Domestic and international technical intelligence: To surpass advanced domestic and international standards in terms of product performance and usability, or to fill existing gaps in the domestic market in terms of product variety. (3) Market economy intelligence: To meet users’ requirements and adapt to market needs in terms of product design and format (innovation), thereby ensuring competitiveness ； (4) The long-term plan for the company’s product development and the annual technical and organizational measures plan, detailing the relevant aspects of the plan and explaining the necessity of carrying out the design at this time. 2. Product uses and application scope. 3. Submit suggestions for modifications and improvements to the planned task document. 4. Basic parameters and main technical performance indicators. 5. Description of the overall layout and structure of major components: Use a simple diagram to outline the basic shape of the product, its dimensional dimensions, and the placement of the major components, while also describing the structure of these components. 6. Product working principle and system: Use simplified diagrams to illustrate the product’s schematic diagram and system diagram, along with explanations. 7. Analysis and comparison of the levels of similar products at home and abroad: Provide a table outlining the main technical specifications, dimensions, structure, and features of similar products available domestically and internationally, along with detailed comparative explanations ； 8. Standardization comprehensive requirements: (1) It shall comply with the product series standards and other current technical standards; list the objectives and scope for implementing these standards, and propose the technical and organizational measures for their implementation ； (2) Standardization coefficient expected for the new product: List the standard components and general components recommended for use, and specify the coefficient criteria for these standard and general components within a certain range ； (3) Standardization requirements for materials and components: List the recommended standard materials and purchased components, and specify standards for material standardization coefficients and purchased component coefficients within a certain range ； (4) Compare the standardization level with similar domestic and international products, and propose standardization requirements for the new product ； (5) Prediction of standardized economic benefits: Analyze the predicted economic benefits resulting from the use of standard components, general-purpose components, purchased components, as well as the implementation of material standards and the selection of standard materials. 9. Key technical solutions and critical components, analysis of special material resources ； 10. Analyze and compare various design options for new products, apply value engineering to determine the appropriate performance characteristics of the product (including the elimination of unnecessary functions), and select the best option through comparative analysis of different structural principles and systems ； 11. Organize relevant parties to conduct an (A evaluation) of the new product design proposals, in order to jointly determine whether the design or improvement plans meet the requirements of users and the needs of societal development. 12. Describe how the product meets the needs of users while also conforming to the development requirements of the company. 13. New product design testing, trial period, and cost estimation. ■◆(II) Technical design: The purpose of technical design is to complete the main calculations for the product and the design of its key components, based on the approved technical specifications. 1. Conduct the necessary experimental studies during the design process (tests on new principle structures, material components, processes, or molds), and prepare an outline of these studies along with reports on the experimental work carried out. 2. Prepare product design calculations (such as calculations and assessments regarding motion, stiffness, strength, vibration, thermal deformation, circuits, fluid and gas systems, energy conversion, energy efficiency, etc.) ； 3. Draw the overall dimension diagram of the product and the diagrams of its main components, and carry out calibration ； 4. Apply value engineering to analyze the cost-functional relationship of various options regarding the structure, material quality, and precision of the main components in the product that are costly, have complex structures, are bulky, or are produced in large quantities, and prepare a technical-economic analysis report ； 5. Draw schematic diagrams of various systems (such as transmission, electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic systems, interlock protection systems, etc.) ； 6. Propose special components, purchased parts, and material list ； 7. Review and revise certain aspects of the technical task statement ； 8. Conduct reliability and maintainability analysis on the product. ■◆(III) Working drawing design: The purpose of working drawing design is to, on the basis of the technical design, prepare all the working drawings and design documents required for manufacturing (production) and random shipment. Designers must strictly adhere to the provisions of relevant standard regulations and guiding documents when designing and drawing the working drawings for various products. 1. Draw product part drawings, component assembly drawings, and overall assembly drawings. (1) Part drawing: The format of the drawing, views, projections, scale, dimensions, tolerances, form and position tolerances, surface roughness, surface treatment, heat treatment requirements, and technical specifications shall comply with standards ； (2) Component assembly drawing: In addition to ensuring the specifications of the drawings, it includes the necessary data and technical requirements for assembly, welding, machining, and inspection ； (3) General assembly drawing: Provides an overview of the product’s structure and a diagram of its components, along with the technical requirements for assembly and inspection, as well as the overall dimensions ； 2. List of product parts and standard components, catalog of purchased and outsourced parts. 3. The product technical specifications include: (1) Technical requirements, (2) Testing methods, (3) Inspection rules, (4) Packaging markings and storage/transportation. 4. Prepare a trial production evaluation outline (refer to ZH0001-83): The trial production evaluation outline is an essential technical document for samples and small-scale trial productions. The outline is required to include: (1) methods for assessing and testing the reliability and safety of the technical performance of samples (or small batches of products), as well as standard procedures for various testing performances and the requirements and methods for product testing. (2) It is able to assess the feasibility and reliability of using the sample under specified extreme conditions ； (3) It can provide basic data for analyzing the core functional indicators of the product. (4) The batch testing and evaluation outline must also specify requirements regarding processes, tooling, equipment, and testing methods that are compatible with production needs, quality assurance, costs, safety, environmental protection, and other related aspects. 5. Create a file directory and a pattern directory. (1) The document directory includes: drawing catalog, bill of quantities, commonly used (borrowed) parts, purchased parts, summary table of standard parts, technical specifications, user manual, certificate of conformity, packing list, and others. (2) Diagram catalog: general assembly diagram, schematic diagram and system diagram, component assembly diagram, part diagram, packaging diagram and packing diagram, installation diagram (only for complete sets of equipment) ； 6. Packaging design drawings and documents (including inner and outer packaging, as well as artistic decorations and decals). 7. Random factory drawings and documents. 8. Samples and documents for product advertising. 9. Standardization review report: This refers to a document prepared by the standardization department after the design of a product’s working drawings is completed, and after those drawings and design documents have been subjected to standardization review. It serves to provide an overall assessment of the new designed product in terms of standardization, serialization, and generalizability, and it is an important document for product evaluation. Standardization review reports are divided into standardization review reports for sample prototyping and standardization review reports for small-batch prototyping