Is there any information on potassium nitrate? Thank you!

Double displacement process? If so, this technology is highly mature, and there are also many small and medium-sized facilities in China.

What is the main use of potassium nitrate nowadays, and is the market good?

The process that is widely used nowadays is the double displacement reaction between *ao acid an and potassium chloride to produce potassium nitrate, but it is not known whether 【barium nitrate】 and potassium chloride can be used to produce it (The solubility of barium nitrate is much lower than that of *ao acid an; I wonder if this will affect the gas consumption in the evaporation stage?) ）

That’s too general. What specific type of information do you need?

What is the price of barium nitrate? ? Isn’t producing potassium nitrate a huge loss? ?

Same request! Dear marine friends, could you please provide the production process flow for potassium nitrate?

Feasibility Study Report on an Annual Production of 20,000 tons of potassium nitrate and 13,000 tons of ammonium chloride fertilizers I. Overview Potassium nitrate is an important chemical raw material that finds wide applications in the manufacture of black powder, fireworks, matches, detonators, glass precipitants, welding electrodes, ceramics, metal heat treatment in mineral processing, rockets, and pharmaceutical chemicals. Currently, there are several methods used in industry to produce potassium nitrate: the first is primarily the double-displacement reaction between sodium nitrate and potassium chloride. The by-product is sodium chloride. Due to the high cost of the raw material sodium nitrate and the low price of the by-product sodium oxide, resulting in poor economic efficiency, few manufacturers in China use this method to produce potassium nitrate nowadays. The second method is exhaust gas absorption: potassium hydroxide or iodic acid solutions are commonly used to absorb nitrogen chloride-containing gases. However, since some of the materials used for absorption are expensive, this method has little economic significance aside from environmental considerations. Abroad, there are processes for producing potassium nitrate by reacting nitric acid with potassium chloride, using either high-temperature evaporation or low-temperature crystallization; yet no similar manufacturers exist in China. Third is the ion exchange method: this involves using exchange resins to produce potassium nitrate from potassium chloride and *ao acid an as raw materials. The process is relatively simple, and the quality of the product is easy to control. The main issue is that when recovering ammonium chloride from the relatively dilute mother liquor, a large amount of solution must be evaporated, which requires high energy consumption; moreover, the evaporation equipment suffers severe corrosion. This report recommends the double-displacement process using *ao acid an and potassium chloride as raw materials to produce potassium nitrate and the by-product ammonium chloride. Many manufacturers in China use this method, which indicates that it is a reliable process with mature technology and stable quality, carrying no risk of failure. Compared to other processes, it offers lower costs and higher yields, resulting in the best economic benefits. This process generates no waste emissions, causing no pollution to the surrounding environment, and appropriate material selection has resolved the issue of corrosion in equipment and pipelines. Compared with the commonly used sodium nitrate method in China, this method is as follows: (1) Sodium nitrate method; (2) *ao acid an method. Inputs: Sodium nitrate + potassium chloride; *ao acid an + potassium chloride. Raw materials: NaNO3 + KC1, NH4NO3 + KC1. Actual usage amount (t): 0.89, 0.91, 0.85, 0.81. Unit price (yuan/t): 3000, 3200, 2750, 3200. Value (yuan): 2670, 2912, 2377, 2592. Total input cost (yuan): 5582, 4929. Outputs: Products – KNO3, NaCl, KNO3, NH4Cl. Output amount (t): 1, 0.6, 1, 0.63. Unit price (yuan/t): 6600, 500, 6600, 1000. Value (yuan): 6600, 300, 6600, 630. Total output value (yuan): 6900, 7230. Difference in raw material costs: (1) – (2) = 5582 – 4929 = 653 yuan. Product price difference: (II) – (I) = 7230 – 6900 = 330 yuan. Due to the different routes for raw materials and products, per 1 ton produced, this method is superior; 653 + 330 = 983 yuan, indicating that it has strong competitiveness in the market. II. Raw materials, products, and production processes 1. Raw materials: (1) Potassium chloride is mainly produced in Golmud, Qinghai Province in China; it is also imported from coastal areas. The required purity for potassium chloride is K2O≥60. Approximately 16,200 tons are needed each year, and the supply can meet this demand. (2) *Ao acid an: It is a nitrogen fertilizer; there are many manufacturers in China, so the supply is abundant. Its purity is 99.5%, with an annual production volume of 17,000 tons. Liquid ammonia can also be used (note that the higher the purity, the better). 2. Product specifications and sales: (1) For potassium nitrate, this manufacturing process ensures that the product meets the premium standards set by national regulations, with a main content of KNO3 ≥ 99.7, and all other specifications are also met. See Table 2. (2) The production capacity is 20,000 tons per year, and sales of 20,000 tons per year should be no problem based on market conditions. The main markets for sales are the Northeast region, as well as provinces in China such as Hunan, Jiangxi, Hebei, Jiangsu, Anhui, Shanghai, and Guangdong; exports are also possible. Moreover, the price is promising; in the agricultural sector, tobacco also requires a large amount of KNO3. (3) The output of ammonium chloride is 12,600 tons; it is of agricultural-grade ammonium chloride. According to Table 3, the purity of NH4Cl is ≥87%, with a nitrogen content of 2–24% and a K2O content of 2.0–3.5%. It can be applied alone or formulated into compound fertilizers. Specifications for industrial potassium nitrate – Table 2 of GB1918---98:
Item | Specifications | Top grade | First grade | Qualified grade
---|---|---|---|---
Potassium nitrate (KNO3) content | ≥ 99.7 | 99.4 | 99.0
Moisture content | ≤ 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.30
Chloride content (as Cl) | ≤ 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.10
Water-insoluble substances content | ≤ 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.05
Sulfate content (as SO4) | ≤ 0.005 | 0.01
Absorption capacity | ≤ 0.25 | 0.30
Iron (Fe) content | ≤ 0.003

Specifications for agricultural ammonium chloride – Table 3:
Item | Specifications
---|---
Nitrogen (N) content | ≥ 24.0
Potassium chloride (K2O) content | ≥ 3.0
Moisture content | ≤ 5

3. Production process: This is a mature production process; over the years, various effective measures have been introduced, such as the use of corrosion-resistant materials to prevent floor leaks, optimizing the layout of the production process, increasing the level of mechanization, reducing labor intensity and improving working conditions, minimizing environmental pollution, lowering raw material consumption, and enhancing product quality – all of which have led to significant improvements. 1. Mixing ingredients: Use a homemade stainless steel mixer equipped with a stirrer. 2. Evaporation: Self-made equipment made of stainless steel can be used, or an evaporator may also be employed. 3. Crystallization: Use a stainless steel lining with a carbon steel jacket outside, along with cooling water and agitation. 4. Drying: Employ a vibrating fluidized bed, a dryer, or a tray dryer or air flow dryer. 5. Ammonium separation: Stainless steel is used, with a carbon steel jacket on the outside for cooling water and agitation included. 6. Boxes: Strengthen the inner walls of grooves for corrosion protection. 7. Floors, structures: impermeable mortar is used as the impermeabilization material. 8. Steam heating is used, resulting in no environmental pollution issues. III. Process Overview The process for producing potassium nitrate and the by-product ammonium chloride via double-displacement using potassium chloride and *ao acid an as raw materials can be divided into three stages. 1. Charging → Crystallization → Washing stage 2. Double displacement → Recrystallization → Drying stage 3. Evaporation → Ammonium separation → Centrifugation and packaging stage (the process flow diagram is provided below)