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A current that changes periodically in both magnitude and direction of the oscillating current is called a phenomenon in which the concentration or (and) temperature of the oscillating current oscillation at a certain spatial position in the reactor changes periodically. This is a type of instability in the reaction process. The oscillations produced by a reaction system when external conditions are constant are called free oscillations. Free oscillation is generally not easy to occur in industrial reactors, but efforts should be made to avoid the occurrence of such oscillations. When the power system is operating normally, all generators rotate at synchronous speeds. At this time, there is no relative change in phase between the generators running in parallel. The potential difference between the generators in the system is constant, and the voltage at each point in the system and the current in each loop remain unchanged. When the power system is disturbed for some reason (such as short circuit, fault removal, power supply input or removal, etc.), the potential difference and phase angle difference between the synchronous generators running in parallel will change with time, and the voltage at each point in the system and the current in each loop will also change with time. This phenomenon is called oscillation. There are two types of oscillations in the power system: synchronous oscillation and asynchronous oscillation. The oscillation that can maintain synchronization and operate stably is called synchronous oscillation, and the oscillation that causes the loss of synchronization and cannot operate normally is called asynchronous oscillation.