Whose should we listen to after all?
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I understand that the usage of standards and regulations is as follows: 1. If there is a **standard**, use it; if no such standard exists, use industry standards. If no industry standards are available, use local standards. If neither local nor regional standards exist, then one has to make decisions on their own； 2. Oneself should listen to the region; the region should listen to the local area; the local area should listen to the industry; the industry should listen to ** ； A few of my understandings are still a bit unclear: 1. Which is more important, industry standards or local standards? (I think the industry is large.) 2. Which is larger, the standards for the chemical industry or those for the petrochemical industry? (I think the chemical industry’s standards are larger.)
Under normal circumstances, **the standard is the minimum standard. . For example, **the standard distance between 2 welds is 5 (as an example); therefore, the industry standard is definitely higher than 5.** .
My understanding of the use of standards is as follows: **Standards, industry standards, and local standards are not a matter of which one is more important than another; in general, it is necessary to meet all of them simultaneously.** If there are no standards, industry standards, or local standards, and it’s not up to one’s own discretion, then it’s necessary to check whether there are any international standards. **If standards, industry standards, and local standards are inconsistent, the stricter one should be applied (when formulating local standards, they generally cannot be lower than national standards either) ； If there are conflicts between them, the national standards shall prevail; however, it is necessary to consider the date of issuance of the standards, and the most recent one should be applied. This situation generally occurs in older standards; nowadays, various industries pay more and more attention to standards, so such cases are becoming less and less common.
The local official is not as good as the one in charge on the ground; one must definitely listen to those who are locally based.
Standards represent the minimum requirements; in practical applications, one must consider the actual circumstances. Generally, the standards should be met, but it’s not necessary to follow them rigidly. It seems that these days in China, whenever a design is created, there needs to be some basis for it, and things need to be done in accordance with the standards. These standards should be applied flexibly. One shouldn’t be constrained by mere wording in the standards, as that would prevent innovation
By establishing regional standards, **standards** are also achieved； By meeting the local standards, one also meets the industry standards ； Meeting the petrochemical standards means meeting the chemical industry standards as well. The calibration requirements for the next level are higher than those of the previous level; when there is a conflict between the standards of the next level and those of the previous level. It must meet the standards of the higher level.
It is said that standards should be applied flexibly in practice, but when relevant standards exist, they must be brought into play whenever disputes arise between the two parties. While we can use our discretion when designing, standards still need to be referred to in case of disputes. Therefore, the application of standards must be uniform; currently, things are in a chaotic state, and **proper management in this area is indeed necessary! ! !
When there are multiple standards at the same time, from a self-protection perspective, the strict principle should be applied；
I largely agree with the opinions of the other users mentioned above, and would like to add the following: 1. Whether they are **standards, industry standards, or local standards, they represent the minimum requirements for practical use and are essential conditions that must be met. 2. Due to the universality of **standards, and also to ensure** their seriousness, the requirements of industry standards or local standards are higher than those of **standards**. 3. If the various standards are inconsistent, under normal circumstances the higher and stricter one should be applied. Of course, in practical applications, if the user’s requirements are not high – that is, if the user believes that meeting lower standards is sufficient to fulfill the needs – there is no need to apply stricter standards. Alternatively, some users, in order to save on costs, are satisfied with lower standards, and the two parties can agree to follow a certain standard. 4. If there are no domestic standards, it is possible to refer to the standards of developed countries abroad (such as the United States, Japan, Germany, etc.) for implementation.
The industry standards are higher than **’s; regardless of what the standards are, the strictest ones should be followed.
All standards must be followed; adhering to the highest ones is definitely the right approach
Adhere to the highest standard; if no specific provision exists for the next higher standard, follow the one that does have clear regulations. From a design perspective, it is safest to adhere to the strictest standards, but objective factors such as project requirements necessitate certain adjustments, provided that these do not significantly violate the highest-level regulatory requirements.
When various standards conflict, the strictest standard shall be applied.
**In the VS industry, as well as in the chemical and petrochemical sectors, it’s not really clear who is larger or smaller; when there are discrepancies, the strictest standards are applied – that’s my personal approach
I largely agree with the opinions of the other users mentioned above, and would like to add the following: Whether it’s **standard, industry standards, or local standards, they all represent the minimum requirements in practical applications, and are essential requirements that must be met. 1 }. x$ q6 L* X) H) {6 e5 B2. Due to the universality of **standards, and also to ensure their seriousness, the requirements of industry standards or local standards are higher than those of **standards. # I% l- u) k, U$ u: o. E! P3; if the various standards are inconsistent, the higher and stricter one should generally be applied. Of course, in practical applications, if the user’s requirements are not high – that is, if the user believes that meeting lower standards is sufficient to fulfill the needs – there is no need to apply stricter standards. Alternatively, some users, in order to save on costs, are satisfied with lower standards, and the two parties can agree to follow a certain standard. 3 W/ n) I3 X6 M 4; if there are no standards in the domestic market, it is possible to refer to the standards of developed countries abroad (such as the United States, Japan, Germany, etc.). The reply on the ninth floor is the standard answer. This post was last edited by heartlake on 2009-2-5 at 12:57.]
The two parties to the contract have begun discussing which standards to adopt to avoid future problems!
In joint ventures, whether it is national standards, European standards or American standards, foreign standards are generally preferred for implementation. When those foreign standards cannot be met, the Chinese side often resists by relying on national standards; here is an example. For example, for oxygen valves, foreigners require manganese nickel alloy, while national standards only specify stainless steel – there’s a huge difference!
**Standards refer to those standards that are approved and issued by **standardization authorities, are of great significance to the national economic and technological development, and are unified across the country. **Standards are unified technical requirements across the country; the administrative department for standardization under the State Council is responsible for formulating plans, coordinating task allocation, organizing the development (including revisions) of these standards, as well as handling their unified approval, numbering, and publication. If the law provides other provisions regarding **the establishment of standards, those provisions shall apply. **The standard duration is generally 5 years; once this period has passed, **the standard must be revised or re-established. Furthermore, as society develops, **new standards need to be established to meet people’s needs in production and daily life. Therefore, standards are dynamic information. **Standards are divided into mandatory national standards (GB) and recommended national standards (GB/T). **The standard number consists of the **standard code**, the **sequence number of the standard’s issuance**, and the **year of issuance (using the last two digits of the issuing year)**. Mandatory national standards are those standards that ensure human health and the safety of persons and property, and they are standards that must be enforced in accordance with laws and administrative regulations ； Recommended national standards refer to **standards** that are voluntarily adopted in aspects such as production, exchange, and use through economic means or market mechanisms. However, once a recommended national standard is accepted and adopted, or when all parties agree to include it in economic contracts, it becomes a technical basis that all parties must abide by, carrying legal binding force. The Standardization Law of the People’s Republic of China classifies standards in China into **four levels: national standards, industry standards, local standards, and enterprise standards. By the end of 2003, China had a total of **20,906 standards (excluding engineering construction standards).