What is the scope of declaration for major hazard sources?
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The declaration of major hazard sources applies to sites and facilities where the quantity of hazardous materials is equal to or exceeds a critical level, as well as other sites and facilities where the amount of hazardous energy present is equal to or exceeds a critical level. What exactly is the scope covered?
The scope of declaration is based on Document No. 56 issued by the State Administration of Work Safety; to determine whether it constitutes a major hazard source, refer to 18218
To strengthen the supervision and management of major hazard sources, standardize practices, and ensure proper operation, the **Production Supervision and Administration Bureau** (**Coal Mine Safety Inspection Bureau**) issued the \"Guiding Opinions on the Supervision and Management of Major Hazard Sources\" (Document No. An Jian Guan Xie He Zi 56); Annex 1 to this document outlines the scope of entities that are subject to reporting requirements regarding major hazard sources. The categories for reporting major hazard sources are as follows: 1) Tank farm (storage tanks) ； 2) Reservoir area (reservoir) ； 3) Production site ； 4) Pressure pipelines ； 5) Boiler ； 6) Pressure vessels ； 7) Coal mines (underground mining) ； 8) Metal and non-metal underground mines ； 9) Tailings pond. The specific scope of application is as follows. 1. Storage tank area (storage tanks) A major hazard source in a storage tank area (storage tanks) refers to a storage tank area or individual storage tank that stores hazardous materials of the categories listed in Table 1 in quantities equal to or exceeding their critical levels. Storage volumes exceeding their critical levels include the following two situations: ① The storage volume of a certain hazardous material in the storage tank area (storage tanks) reaches or exceeds its corresponding critical level ； ② The storage tank area holds various hazardous materials, and the storage quantity of each material does not reach or exceed its corresponding critical level; however, it satisfies the following formula: where —— is the actual storage quantity of each hazardous material. ——The critical quantity corresponding to the hazardous material. Table 1: Critical Quantity Table for Storage Tank Areas (Storage Tanks)
Category | Material Properties | Critical Quantity | Typical Material Examples
--- | --- | --- | ---
Flammable liquids | Flash point < 28°C | 20 t | Gasoline, propylene, naphtha, etc.
| 28°C ≤ Flash point < 60°C | 100 t | Kerosene, turpentine, butyl ether, etc.
Combustible gases | Lower explosion limit < 10% | 10 t | Acetylene, hydrogen, liquefied petroleum gas, etc.
| Lower explosion limit ≥ 10% | 20 t | Ammonia, etc.
Toxic substances* | Highly toxic substances | 1 kg | Sodium cyanide (solution), phosgene, etc.
| Toxic substances | 100 kg | Arsenic trifluoride, acrolein, etc.
| Harmful substances | 20 t | Phenol, phenylhydrazine, etc.
*Note: The classification of toxic substances is shown in Table 2. Table 2 Classification of Toxic Substances (GB15258–1999 “Regulations on the Preparation of Chemical Safety Labels”)
Classification | Oral LD50 (mg/kg) | LD50 after 24 hours of skin contact (mg/kg) | LC50 after 1 hour of inhalation (mg/l)
--- | --- | --- | ---
Highly toxic substances | LD50 ≤ 5 | LD50 ≤ 40 | LC50 ≤ 0.5
Toxic substances | 5 < LD50 ≤ 50 | 40 < LD50 ≤ 200 | 0.5 < LC50 ≤ 2
Harmful substances (solids): 50 < LD50 ≤ 500; (liquids): 50 < LD50 ≤ 2000 | 200 < LD50 ≤ 1000 | 2 < LC50 ≤ 10
2. Storage areas/warehouses
A major hazard source in a storage area or warehouse refers to one that stores hazardous materials listed in Table 3 in quantities that reach or exceed their critical levels. Storage levels exceeding their critical values include the following two situations: ① The storage amount of a certain hazardous substance in the storage area reaches or exceeds its corresponding critical value ； ② The reservoir area (reservoir) stores various hazardous materials, and the storage amount of each material does not reach or exceed its corresponding critical level; however, it satisfies the following formula: where —— is the actual storage amount of each hazardous material. ——The critical quantity corresponding to the hazardous material. Table 3 Critical Quantity Table for Storage Areas Category Material Properties Critical Quantity Examples of Typical Materials Civilian blasting explosives Initiating devices* 1 t * Tubes, detonation cords, etc. Industrial use** 50 t Ammonium nitrate**, emulsified substances**, etc. Explosively hazardous raw materials 250 t Phosphoric acid**, etc. Fireworks and pyrotechnics 5 t Black powder**, smoke bombs**, firecrackers, fireworks, etc. Flammable liquids Flash point < 28°C 20 t Gasoline, propylene, naphtha, etc. 28°C ≤ Flash point < 60°C 100 t Kerosene, turpentine, butyl ether, etc. Combustible gases Lower explosive limit < 10% 10 t Acetylene, hydrogen, liquefied petroleum gas, etc. Lower explosive limit ≥ 10% 20 t Ammonia gas, etc. Toxic substances Highly toxic substances 1 kg Potassium cyanide, ethylenimine, phosgene, etc. Toxic substances 100 kg Arsenic trifluoride, acrolein, etc. Harmful substances 20 t Phenol, phenylhydrazine, etc. *Note: The amount of initiating agents should be calculated based on the total quantity of various filling materials in the product. 3. Production sites: A major hazard source at a production site refers to a facility or location where the quantity of hazardous substances listed in Table 4 reaches or exceeds the critical level. This includes the following two situations: ① The quantity of any existing hazardous material within the unit reaches or exceeds its corresponding critical amount ； ② There are multiple hazardous materials within the unit, and the storage amount of each material does not reach or exceed its corresponding critical level; however, the following formula is satisfied: where —— is the current stock quantity of each hazardous material. ——The critical quantity corresponding to the hazardous material. Table 4: Critical Quantity Scale for Production Sites
Category | Material Properties | Critical Quantity | Examples of Typical Materials
--- | --- | --- | ---
Civilian blasting equipment | Initiating devices* | 0.1 t | Tubes, detonation cords, etc.
Industrial use** | 5 t | Ammonium nitrate**, emulsified explosives**, etc.
Explosively hazardous raw materials | 25 t | Phosphoric acid**, etc.
Fireworks and pyrotechnics | 0.5 t | Black powder**, smoke bombs, firecrackers, fireworks, etc.
Flammable liquids | Flash point < 28°C | 2 t | Gasoline, propylene, naphtha, etc.
| 28°C ≤ Flash point < 60°C | 10 t | Kerosene, turpentine, butyl ether, etc.
Combustible gases | Explosive limit < 10% | 1 t | Acetylene, hydrogen, liquefied petroleum gas, etc.
| Explosive limit ≥ 10% | 2 t | Ammonia gas, etc.
Toxic substances | Highly toxic substances | 100 g | Potassium cyanide, ethylenimine, phosgene, etc.
| Toxic substances | 10 kg | Arsenic trifluoride, acrolein, etc.
Harmful substances | 2 t | Phenol, phenylhydrazine, etc.
*Note: The amount of initiating agents should be calculated based on the total quantity of all types of fillers in the product. 4. Pressure pipelines: Pressure pipelines that meet one of the following conditions: (1) Long-distance pipelines ① Pipelines that transport toxic, flammable, or explosive gases and have a design pressure greater than 1.6 MPa ； ② Pipelines that transport toxic, flammable, or explosive liquid media over a distance of 200 km or more, with a nominal pipe diameter of ≥300 mm. (2) Utility pipelines: medium and high pressure gas pipelines with a nominal diameter of ≥ 200 mm. (3) Industrial pipelines ① Pipelines used for transporting gases and liquefied gas media with an extreme or high degree of toxicity as specified in GB5044, and having a nominal diameter of ≥100 mm ； ② Pipelines that transport extremely hazardous or highly hazardous liquid media as specified in GB5044, flammable gases classified as Category A or B or flammable liquid media classified as Category A as specified in GB50160 and GBJ16, with a nominal diameter of ≥100 mm and a design pressure of ≥4 MPa ； ③ Pipelines used for transporting other flammable and toxic fluid media, with a nominal diameter of ≥100 mm, a design pressure of ≥4 MPa, and a design temperature of ≥400°C. 5. Boilers: Boilers that meet one of the following conditions: (1) Steam boilers with a rated steam pressure greater than 2.5 MPa and a rated evaporation capacity of 10 t/h or more. (2) Hot water boilers with a rated outlet temperature of 120°C or higher, and a rated power of 14 MW or higher. 6. Pressure vessels refer to pressure vessels that meet one of the following conditions: (1) Pressure vessels of Category 3, where the toxicity level of the medium is extremely hazardous, highly hazardous, or moderately hazardous ； (2) Pressure vessels (groups) containing flammable media, with a maximum operating pressure of ≥0.1 MPa and a PV value of ≥100 MPa×m3. 7. Coal mines (underground mining): Mines that meet one of the following conditions: (1) Mines with high gas concentrations ； (2) Coal and gas outburst mines ； (3) Mines with a risk of coal dust explosions ； (4) Mines with complex hydrogeological conditions ； (5) Mines with a natural fire period of coal seams ≤ 6 months ； (6) Mines with a coal seam impact tendency of medium or above. 8. Underground metal and non-metal mines: Mines that meet one of the following conditions: (1) Gas mines ； (2) Mines with complex hydrogeological conditions ； (3) Mines with a risk of spontaneous ignition ； (4) Mines at risk of rockburst. 9. Tailings ponds: Tailings ponds with a total capacity of ≥1 million m3 or a dam height of ≥30 m.
Category | Material Properties | Critical Quantity | Typical Material Examples
--- | --- | --- | ---
Flammable liquids | Flash point < 28°C | 20 t | Gasoline, propylene, naphtha, etc.
| 28°C ≤ Flash point < 60°C | 100 t | Kerosene, turpentine, butyl ether, etc.
Combustible gases | Lower explosion limit < 10% | 10 t | Acetylene, hydrogen, liquefied petroleum gas, etc.
| Lower explosion limit ≥ 10% | 20 t | Ammonia, etc.
Toxic substances* | Highly toxic substances | 1 kg | Sodium cyanide (solution), phosgene, etc.
| Toxic substances | 100 kg | Arsenic trifluoride, acrolein, etc.
| Harmful substances | 20 t | Phenol, phenylhydrazine, etc.
*Note: The classification of toxic substances is shown in Table 2. Table 2 Classification of Toxic Substances (GB15258–1999 “Regulations on the Preparation of Chemical Safety Labels”)
Classification | Oral LD50 (mg/kg) | LD50 after 24 hours of skin contact (mg/kg) | LC50 after 1 hour of inhalation (mg/l)
--- | --- | --- | ---
Highly toxic substances | LD50 ≤ 5 | LD50 ≤ 40 | LC50 ≤ 0.5
Toxic substances | 5 < LD50 ≤ 50 | 40 < LD50 ≤ 200 | 0.5 < LC50 ≤ 2
Harmful substances (solids): 50 < LD50 ≤ 500; (liquids): 50 < LD50 ≤ 2000 | 200 < LD50 ≤ 1000 | 2 < LC50 ≤ 10
2. Storage areas/warehouses
A major hazard source in a storage area or warehouse refers to one that stores hazardous materials listed in Table 3 in quantities that reach or exceed their critical levels. Storage levels exceeding their critical values include the following two situations: ① The storage amount of a certain hazardous substance in the storage area reaches or exceeds its corresponding critical value ； ② The reservoir area (reservoir) stores various hazardous materials, and the storage amount of each material does not reach or exceed its corresponding critical level; however, it satisfies the following formula: where —— is the actual storage amount of each hazardous material. ——The critical quantity corresponding to the hazardous material. Table 3 Critical Quantity Table for Storage Areas Category Material Properties Critical Quantity Examples of Typical Materials Civilian blasting explosives Initiating devices* 1 t * Tubes, detonation cords, etc. Industrial use** 50 t Ammonium nitrate**, emulsified substances**, etc. Explosively hazardous raw materials 250 t Phosphoric acid**, etc. Fireworks and pyrotechnics 5 t Black powder**, smoke bombs**, firecrackers, fireworks, etc. Flammable liquids Flash point < 28°C 20 t Gasoline, propylene, naphtha, etc. 28°C ≤ Flash point < 60°C 100 t Kerosene, turpentine, butyl ether, etc. Combustible gases Lower explosive limit < 10% 10 t Acetylene, hydrogen, liquefied petroleum gas, etc. Lower explosive limit ≥ 10% 20 t Ammonia gas, etc. Toxic substances Highly toxic substances 1 kg Potassium cyanide, ethylenimine, phosgene, etc. Toxic substances 100 kg Arsenic trifluoride, acrolein, etc. Harmful substances 20 t Phenol, phenylhydrazine, etc. *Note: The amount of initiating agents should be calculated based on the total quantity of various filling materials in the product. 3. Production sites: A major hazard source at a production site refers to a facility or location where the quantity of hazardous substances listed in Table 4 reaches or exceeds the critical level. This includes the following two situations: ① The quantity of any existing hazardous material within the unit reaches or exceeds its corresponding critical amount ； ② There are multiple hazardous materials within the unit, and the storage amount of each material does not reach or exceed its corresponding critical level; however, the following formula is satisfied: where —— is the current stock quantity of each hazardous material. ——The critical quantity corresponding to the hazardous material. Table 4: Critical Quantity Scale for Production Sites
Category | Material Properties | Critical Quantity | Examples of Typical Materials
--- | --- | --- | ---
Civilian blasting equipment | Initiating devices* | 0.1 t | Tubes, detonation cords, etc.
Industrial use** | 5 t | Ammonium nitrate**, emulsified explosives**, etc.
Explosively hazardous raw materials | 25 t | Phosphoric acid**, etc.
Fireworks and pyrotechnics | 0.5 t | Black powder**, smoke bombs, firecrackers, fireworks, etc.
Flammable liquids | Flash point < 28°C | 2 t | Gasoline, propylene, naphtha, etc.
| 28°C ≤ Flash point < 60°C | 10 t | Kerosene, turpentine, butyl ether, etc.
Combustible gases | Explosive limit < 10% | 1 t | Acetylene, hydrogen, liquefied petroleum gas, etc.
| Explosive limit ≥ 10% | 2 t | Ammonia gas, etc.
Toxic substances | Highly toxic substances | 100 g | Potassium cyanide, ethylenimine, phosgene, etc.
| Toxic substances | 10 kg | Arsenic trifluoride, acrolein, etc.
Harmful substances | 2 t | Phenol, phenylhydrazine, etc.
*Note: The amount of initiating agents should be calculated based on the total quantity of all types of fillers in the product. 4. Pressure pipelines: Pressure pipelines that meet one of the following conditions: (1) Long-distance pipelines ① Pipelines that transport toxic, flammable, or explosive gases and have a design pressure greater than 1.6 MPa ； ② Pipelines that transport toxic, flammable, or explosive liquid media over a distance of 200 km or more, with a nominal pipe diameter of ≥300 mm. (2) Utility pipelines: medium and high pressure gas pipelines with a nominal diameter of ≥ 200 mm. (3) Industrial pipelines ① Pipelines used for transporting gases and liquefied gas media with an extreme or high degree of toxicity as specified in GB5044, and having a nominal diameter of ≥100 mm ； ② Pipelines that transport extremely hazardous or highly hazardous liquid media as specified in GB5044, flammable gases classified as Category A or B or flammable liquid media classified as Category A as specified in GB50160 and GBJ16, with a nominal diameter of ≥100 mm and a design pressure of ≥4 MPa ； ③ Pipelines used for transporting other flammable and toxic fluid media, with a nominal diameter of ≥100 mm, a design pressure of ≥4 MPa, and a design temperature of ≥400°C. 5. Boilers: Boilers that meet one of the following conditions: (1) Steam boilers with a rated steam pressure greater than 2.5 MPa and a rated evaporation capacity of 10 t/h or more. (2) Hot water boilers with a rated outlet temperature of 120°C or higher, and a rated power of 14 MW or higher. 6. Pressure vessels refer to pressure vessels that meet one of the following conditions: (1) Pressure vessels of Category 3, where the toxicity level of the medium is extremely hazardous, highly hazardous, or moderately hazardous ； (2) Pressure vessels (groups) containing flammable media, with a maximum operating pressure of ≥0.1 MPa and a PV value of ≥100 MPa×m3. 7. Coal mines (underground mining): Mines that meet one of the following conditions: (1) Mines with high gas concentrations ； (2) Coal and gas outburst mines ； (3) Mines with a risk of coal dust explosions ； (4) Mines with complex hydrogeological conditions ； (5) Mines with a natural fire period of coal seams ≤ 6 months ； (6) Mines with a coal seam impact tendency of medium or above. 8. Underground metal and non-metal mines: Mines that meet one of the following conditions: (1) Gas mines ； (2) Mines with complex hydrogeological conditions ； (3) Mines with a risk of spontaneous ignition ； (4) Mines at risk of rockburst. 9. Tailings ponds: Tailings ponds with a total capacity of ≥1 million m3 or a dam height of ≥30 m.