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“Except for some equipment used in coal-to-oil and coal-to-olefins production, the rest of the equipment has been largely localized. ”Sui Yongbin, Chief Engineer of the China Machinery Industry Federation, expressed approval of the research and development efforts regarding large-scale coal chemical plant equipment over the past two years. In recent years, the demand for energy and chemical products in our country has experienced rapid growth, and coal chemistry has assumed an important role in the fields of energy and chemicals in our country. With the further deepening of China’s energy structure adjustment, the coal chemical industry has experienced rapid development. The development of new processes and technologies in coal chemical industry poses new challenges to the upstream equipment sector, which in turn drives technological progress in the coal chemical equipment industry. Significant breakthroughs have been achieved in coal chemical technology and equipment. Since the development of large-scale coal chemical plant systems was designated as one of 16 key projects, China’s coal chemical equipment industry has experienced rapid growth, with the localization rate of such equipment reaching 90%. An industry insider said. In the view of Sui Yongbin, the most significant achievement is the successful development of the reciprocating compressors with a piston thrust of 1.2 million tons, which are required for large-scale coal chemical industries, by Shenyang Blower Factory. Secondly, there has been a breakthrough in the production technology for high- and low-pressure diaphragm pumps used in coal chemical water-coal slurry processes, developed independently by Shenyang Metallurgical Machinery Co., Ltd. under China Nonferrous Metals Group. This means that the situation in which high-pressure diaphragm pumps were monopolized by foreign products will change. According to interviews by reporters from China Industry News, the high and low-pressure diaphragm pumps developed by Shenye Machinery, which possess independent intellectual property rights, fill a gap in the domestic market. Their technical specifications and performance levels are on par with those of advanced international products of similar kind, and they hold great significance for the development of China’s coal chemical industry as well as for advancing equipment manufacturing technology. It is reported that to date, the company has supplied over 200 diaphragm pump units to more than 10 industries in China, holding a market share of over 90% in that market. Hu Qianlin, deputy secretary-general of the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association and secretary-general of the Coordination Committee for New Coal Chemical Industries, said, \"The technology and equipment needed for coal-to-methanol and coal-to-dimethyl ether production in our country have been localized, while projects to develop technologies such as coal-to-olefins and coal-to-oil are also under way.\" Significant progress has been made in the development of key equipment for large-scale coal chemical industries. ” Hu Qianlin explained, “At present, the production capacity of methanol synthesis reactors developed independently in our country has reached 300,000 tons per year, and we already possess the technical foundation to build ultra-large-scale methanol production facilities with a capacity of 1.8 million tons per year.” China’s independently developed two-step process for dimethyl ether synthesis has seen the construction of multiple industrial plants with an annual production capacity of 100,000 tons each, reaching international advanced levels. ” Coal gasification technology is among the world’s leading advancements. Hu Qianlin told reporters that over the years, with the support of scientific and technological programs such as the 863 Program, and through collaboration among industry, academia, and research institutions, China has developed a number of advanced coal gasification technologies and achievements that feature independent intellectual property rights. In particular, large-scale coal gasification technology has reached the forefront of global advancements. Coal gasification technology is one of the key technologies for coal conversion and the efficient and clean utilization of coal. It serves as the cornerstone technology for the development in China of traditional coal chemical industries such as ammonia synthesis, as well as modern coal chemical industries characterized by the production of alcohol and ether fuels from coal, olefins from coal, and oil from coal. It is also a key and common technology for achieving energy conservation and emission reduction. For a long time, China’s large-scale gasification technology has been dependent on foreign sources; the country began to introduce foreign gasification technologies in the 1980s. It is estimated that the patent licensing fees for introducing coal gasification technology have already reached over 200 million dollars. Not all of these technologies are perfect, and our country has become a testing ground for foreign gasification technologies. In October 2005, two multi-nozzle opposed coal-water slurry gasifiers with a daily processing capacity of 1,150 tons of coal were built at Shandong Yankuang Guotai Chemical Co., Ltd., to produce 240,000 tons of methanol and generate 71.8 MW of electricity as a by-product. The two multi-nozzle opposed coal-water slurry gasification units built, with a daily processing capacity of 1,150 tons of coal, saved over 60 million yuan in patent licensing fees, software package costs, and technical service fees compared to adopting foreign technology. Hu Qianlin explained that to date, this technology has been adopted by more than 10 enterprises in China, with a total of over 20 gasification furnaces in use. The successful development of this technology has broken the monopoly of foreign companies in large-scale gasification technology, achieving a breakthrough from scratch in this field in our country. In addition, our country has made significant breakthroughs in domestically developed coal gasification technologies such as gray fusion fluidized bed gasification technology, new gasification technology for multi-component slurries, and pressurized coal gasification technology using pulverized coal. Multiple domestic institutions have jointly carried out research on two-stage pressurized dry coal powder gasification technology; a pilot plant equipped with a water-cooled wall gasifier capable of processing 24 tons of coal per day was built, and the pilot studies were completed. The results obtained have laid the foundation for further scaling up this technology on an industrial scale. With the support of projects under the 11th Five-Year Plan’s 863 Program, a multi-nozzle opposed coal pressurized gasification technology capable of processing 1,000 tons of coal per day is being implemented in Guizhou. China’s first set of HT-L coal pressurized gasification furnaces was also successfully commissioned in October last year. The industrial demonstration project for the domestically developed non-slag–slag staged oxidation gasification technology has also been completed and put into operation, with its technical parameters reaching international advanced levels. Critical equipment requires urgent improvement. Although significant progress has been made in the development of large-scale coal chemical plant equipment in China, there is still a considerable gap compared to foreign countries in the manufacturing of key components. “In coal chemical plant equipment, some key pumps and valves still need to be imported, so efforts to develop alternatives are necessary. Additionally, certain special steels and aluminum alloys cannot be produced domestically at present, and research is still required to develop high-quality raw materials. ”Hu Qianlin said. To better develop coal chemical technology and equipment in order to meet the needs of China’s energy structure adjustment. Hu Qianlin put forward four suggestions: first, encourage the use of advanced independent innovation technologies and domestically produced equipment. The policies regarding technology and equipment in the coal chemical industry should emphasize advanced features, energy conservation, water conservation, and environmental protection principles. Encouraging the use of domestically developed technologies to build large-scale coal chemical projects. The independently developed technologies that currently meet or are close to meeting the requirements for industrial application mainly include coal-water slurry gasification technology, large-scale methanol synthesis technology, gas-phase two-step dimethyl ether production technology, indirect coal-to-synthetic oil technology, direct coal-to-synthetic oil technology, and methanol-to-olefins technology (DMTO), among others. In engineering construction, domestically developed technologies should be given priority. To advance the engineering and scale-up of independently developed technologies, it is recommended to **provide capital investment to support several industrialization verification or demonstration projects, including domestic demonstration projects for independently developed technologies such as methanol-to-olefins (DMTO) and methanol-to-propylene (MTP), industrial demonstration projects for indirect liquefaction, and industrialization verification projects for large-scale gasifiers.** Leveraging coal chemical demonstration projects, efforts are being made to promote the localization of coal chemical equipment. Focus is placed on the research and development of large-scale gasifiers with a daily coal input of over 2,000 tons, as well as large-scale air separation units, compressors, and synthesis reactors. The goal is to develop the capability to produce complete sets of equipment for large-scale ammonia, methanol, dimethyl ether, olefin, and coal-to-oil production facilities, while encouraging and promoting the use of large-scale domestic equipment sets. Second, rely on key projects to promote the localization of equipment and overcome certain key technical challenges. **For the complete sets of equipment required for key infrastructure projects, goals for domestic manufacturing should be set. For any case requiring the import of major equipment, the user entity, domestic manufacturing enterprises, and design units shall jointly develop a plan for domestic production and conduct international bidding. Domestic manufacturing firms and multinational companies submit joint bids, using the domestic market in exchange for technology transfer from foreign companies, thereby gradually improving the manufacturing capabilities of domestic firms. We should draw on the successful experience of the Three Gorges Dam and, in various industries, rely on key infrastructure projects to promote the independent manufacturing of technical equipment. Overcome the challenges related to the development of special materials for manufacturing gasifiers and reactors, as well as special valves such as oxygen valves, lockhopper valves, slurry valves, and slag-water valves ； Transmission equipment such as high and low pressure coal slurry pumps in the gasification system. Third, accelerate the formulation of policies on technical equipment for the coal chemical industry. Fully leverage the role of standardization in revitalizing the equipment manufacturing industry, raise the levels of national standards, industry standards, and enterprise standards, use these standards to phase out outdated technical equipment, and promote industrial upgrading and technological progress. Encourage the use of domestic equipment, especially first-generation products, to facilitate the connection between production and sales, and to create a fair competitive market environment as well as favorable conditions for manufacturing enterprises. Fourth, accelerate the establishment of **-level coal chemical technology R&D and engineering transformation institutions. It supports the research and development of coal chemical technology and equipment, as well as the construction of demonstration projects. Actively promote industrial trials and the construction of demonstration projects in coal chemical industry, and accelerate the industrialization of coal-based oil products and olefins.