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Working principle of the pump: This ball-check valve pump operates using compressed air as power and is designed with a 1:1 ratio. The inside of one diaphragm chamber will be pressurized alternately while the other diaphragm chamber is emptied. This causes the diaphragm connected by a regular rod fastened in the center of the diaphragm (connected with a metal plate) to swing. (Because one diaphragm is performing the exhaust stroke while another is pulled in the corresponding diaphragm chamber and performing the intake stroke.) Air pressure acts on the entire inner surface of the diaphragm, while the liquid is discharged from the opposite side of the diaphragm. The diaphragm operates smoothly during the discharge stroke, allowing the pump to function with a delivery head of over 200 feet (61 meters) of water column. To achieve the longest service life of the diaphragm, the pump should be placed as close as possible to the liquid being pumped. When the positive suction head exceeds a liquid height of 10 feet (3.048 meters), a backpressure regulating device may be required to maximize the diaphragm’s lifespan. The alternating pressurization and evacuation of the diaphragm chambers is achieved through an externally mounted liquid-controlled 4-way spool-type air distribution valve. When the valve spool moves to one end of the valve body, the inlet pressure acts on one diaphragm chamber, while the other diaphragm chamber is emptied. When the valve spool moves to the other end of the valve body, the pressure acting on the diaphragm chamber is opposite. The spool of the air distribution valve is moved by an internal control valve, which alternately applies pressure to one end of the valve spool while evacuating the other end. When the diaphragm plate comes into contact with the actuator’s plunger, the control valve moves at each end of the diaphragm’s stroke. Then the plunger of the actuator will push the end of the valve spool in the control valve toward the position of the start air distribution valve. The diaphragm chambers are connected to a manifold equipped with check valves for the inlet and outlet pipes of each chamber, ensuring one-way flow of liquid through the pump. Installation and startup: Position the pump as close as possible to the liquid to be transported. Minimize the length of the suction pipeline and the number of connector fittings. Do not reduce the diameter of the intake pipeline. When installing rigid piping, a short section of flexible hose should be installed between the pump and the piping. Flexible hoses can reduce vibration and tension in the conveying system. It is recommended to use the stabilizing device from Warren Rupp Company, namely the turbulent fluctuation suppressor, to further reduce the vibrations generated in the flow. Air source: The supply pressure must not exceed 125 psi (8.6 bar). Connect the pump’s air inlet to the desired air source, which should have sufficient capacity and pressure as well as meet the required specifications. When the intake pipe is a rigid tube, install a short flexible hose section with a diameter of no more than 1/2″ between the pump and the pipe. To reduce the tension in the pipeline. The weight of the air supply pipeline, as well as the regulators and filters, must be supported by devices other than the air intake cap. A lack of support for the pipeline can cause damage to the pump. A pressure regulating valve should be installed to ensure that the supply pressure does not exceed the recommended limit. Lubrication of air valves: The air distribution valves and control valves are designed to operate without the need for lubrication. This is the best mode for operation. There may also be some individual preferences or poor-quality air supply, which leads to the need to lubricate the air supply valve for compressed air. The pump’s air system works together with the supply valve for properly lubricated compressed air. Proper lubrication requires the use of a fixed air-line oil injector (available from Warren Rupp Company) to deliver one of the 10 SAE non-detergent lubricants at a flow rate of 20 standard cubic feet per minute (9.4 liters per second) in the air. The pump consumes fuel while operating. Consult the published characteristic curves of the pump to determine the required lubricating oil. Moisture in air pipelines The moisture present in the supply pipelines for compressed air can cause problems such as ice formation or solidification in the exhaust gas, which in turn leads to irregular operation or shutdown of the pump. The user’s air drying equipment can be supplemented by using a suitable air dryer, thereby reducing moisture in the air supply pipeline. This device can remove moisture from the compressed air supply lines and reduce the occurrence of freezing or solidification. Starting the air inlet and pump: Open the air valve by about 1/2″ to 3/4″ turn, then start the pump. After starting the pump, the air valve can be opened to increase the required air flow. If the opening of the air valve increases the cycle rate without increasing the flow rate, cavitation has already occurred. The valve should be slightly closed to achieve the highest efficiency ratio of air flow to pump fluid flow. Maintenance during periods when the pump is not in use: When the pump is used to transport non-flowing materials that tend to settle or solidify, it should be rinsed after each use to prevent damage. (The product remaining in the pump when it is not in operation will dry out or settle. This can cause problems with diaphragm valves and check valves during restart. The fluid in the pump must be drained at the solidification temperature and whenever the pump is not in operation.