How should the concept of column bed volume be understood?

1.5 bed volume/hour is the volumetric flow rate! The volume should be the base area multiplied by the height of the cylinder, right? Generally, it seems to be expressed in liters or milliliters! Here is the information found regarding chromatography columns: Take a look to see if it’s useful The chromatography column is the core component in gel chromatography technology, and is generally made of glass tubes or acrylic tubes. The diameter of the chromatography column does not affect the resolution; if a larger amount of sample is used, the diameter of the column can be increased. Generally, gel columns used for preparation have a diameter of more than 2 centimeters, but the sample should be distributed evenly over the surface of the gel column bed when adding it. Furthermore, the diameter increases, the volume of the elution liquid increases, and the sample dilution is higher. Resolution depends on the column height; to separate different components, the gel column bed must have an appropriate height. Resolution is related to the square root of the column height, but due to compression and deformation that can occur when the soft gel column is too tall, its height generally does not exceed 1 meter. Short columns are used for fractionation; generally, the gel column is 20–30 cm long, with a height-to-diameter ratio of 5:1 to 10:1, and the volume of the gel bed is 4–10 times that of the sample solution. During gradient separation, the ratio of column height to diameter is 20:1 to 100:1; common gel columns are 50×25 cm and 10×25 cm. The dead volume under the chromatography column filter plate should be as small as possible. If the dead volume under the support filter plate is large, there is a higher likelihood of re-mixing between the components being separated, which affects the shape of the elution peaks, leads to tailing, and reduces resolution. During precise separation, the dead volume must not exceed 1/1000 of the total bed volume.