I would like to ask how to balance axial forces

It is achieved through balance weights and axial play; is it driven by a motor?

For multi-stage centrifugal pumps, the axial force is first balanced using a balance disk to handle most of the axial unbalance, with the remaining unbalance being compensated by thrust bearings.

Centrifugal compressors use a balance drum to counteract axial thrust. A labyrinth seal is installed between the balance drum and the balance sleeve, which creates a pressure difference on both sides of the balance drum. The liquid behind the balance drum is drawn back to the compressor inlet through balance pipes; thus, the pressure difference on both sides of the balance drum is essentially equal to the pressure difference between the compressor’s inlet and outlet. This pressure difference acts on the end face of the balance drum, generating a balancing force that opposes the axial force produced by the impeller, thereby balancing that axial force. Since the axial force often changes, there are variations in the design of the balance disc as well as differences due to actual operating conditions. Moreover, these balance drums do not possess any automatic balancing capability, so thrust bearings must be installed to work in conjunction with them. For centrifugal pumps, the axial force is generally balanced using a balance disk to handle most of the axial unbalance, while the remaining unbalance is compensated by thrust bearings. Actually, the principle is similar to that of a centrifugal compressor.

First, it is necessary to understand how axial force is generated. The forces exerted by the gas on both sides of the impeller’s disk and rim are different; after these forces cancel each other out, a residual force remains. The algebraic sum of all such axial forces on the impeller constitutes the axial thrust exerted by the gas on the rotor. 1. The impellers are opposed or partially opposed. Let the axial forces cancel each other out. 2. Device balance disk

Refer to the following post. http://bbs.hcbbs.com/viewthread.php?tid=366767 http://bbs.hcbbs.com/viewthread.php?tid=270436 http://bbs.hcbbs.com/viewthread.php?tid=176212 http://bbs.hcbbs.com/viewthread.php?tid=181049

As a supplementary point, due to the mechanical design of the balance disk, as the shaft displacement changes, the balancing force generated by that balance disk itself changes, creating negative feedback. It has a certain ability to overcome changes in axial force. I know that there are approaches for active control of axial thrust, which involve using external control devices to regulate the pressure on one side of the balance disk; in theory, this can **reduce the variations in the load on the thrust bearings. However, the control device may not be able to adjust to rapid fluctuations; it can only use smoothing filtering to address changes in shaft thrust caused by slower variations in operating conditions. Last edited by RainWolf on 2009-2-10 10:59]

1. Symmetric arrangement of impellers 2. Use of back vanes 3. Balance disk 4. Addition of thrust bearings :)