Components of gasoline

The components of gasoline are mainly alkanes, cycloalkanes, olefins, and aromatic hydrocarbons with carbon chains ranging from C5 to C11. The main sources of gasoline in refineries are atmospheric distillation, catalytic cracking, catalytic reforming, hydrocracking, and coking units.

80% of domestic gasoline comes from catalytic cracking

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It can be said that most of the units in refineries produce gasoline, including atmospheric distillation, delayed coking, hydrorefining, reforming, catalytic cracking, hydrocarbon recombination, and hydrocracking.

Gasoline, whose main components are hydrocarbons with carbon atoms ranging from C4 to C12, is one of the mixed hydrocarbon substances. It is a colorless or pale yellow, volatile and flammable liquid with a distinctive odor. Gasoline is insoluble in water, soluble in benzene, carbon disulfide, and alcohols, and highly soluble in fats. Industrially, it is mainly used as a fuel for gasoline engines, and it is also employed in industries such as rubber manufacturing, shoemaking, printing, leather processing, painting, and laundry; it can also be used as a cleaning agent for mechanical parts. Gasoline has a complex composition, mainly consisting of alkanes ranging from carbon four to carbon twelve, with those from carbon five to carbon nine being the most common. The components of different types of gasoline vary, which means their physical and chemical properties also differ within certain ranges. For example, their boiling points range from 40 to 200°C, their flash points range from –58 to 10°C, their specific gravity ranges from 0.67 to 0.71, and their explosion limits are approximately 1.3 to 6%. Gasoline can be classified into various types based on its source, including straight-run gasoline, catalytic cracking gasoline, thermal cracking gasoline, reformed gasoline, coker gasoline, alkylated gasoline, isomerized gasoline, aromatized gasoline, etherified gasoline, and blended gasoline. Straight-run gasoline, especially that derived from paraffinic crude oils, has the lowest octane rating, typically ranging from 40 to 60 ； Catalytic cracking gasoline contains a high amount of aromatic hydrocarbons and olefins, and generally has a high octane rating ； The main component of alkylated gasoline is highly branched isoparaffins, which have a very high octane rating ； Etherified gasoline has a very high octane rating and is generally used as a blending component for gasoline.

At atmospheric pressure, units for catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, coking cracking, etc

　Gasoline is a major category of petroleum products. A mixture of complex hydrocarbons (with about 4–12 carbon atoms). 　　A colorless to pale yellow, flowable liquid. The boiling point range is approximately from the initial boiling point of 30°C to 205°C; it explodes when exposed to fire in air at concentrations of 74–123 g/m3. The main components are hydrocarbons with four to twelve carbon atoms. Flammable. 　　The calorific value of gasoline is approximately 44,000 kJ/kg. The calorific value of fuel refers to the heat generated when 1 kg of fuel is completely burned. 　Based on the manufacturing process, it can be divided into straight-run gasoline, thermally cracked gasoline, catalytically cracked gasoline, reformed gasoline, coked gasoline, blended gasoline, hydrocracked gasoline, pyrolyzed gasoline, alkylated gasoline, synthetic gasoline, etc.

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The components of gasoline are mainly alkanes, cycloalkanes, olefins, and aromatic hydrocarbons with carbon chains ranging from C5 to C11. Gasoline is produced in almost all primary and secondary processing units