Regarding the localization of metallurgical equipment

To add what I know about the above: Raw material stacking plant: In addition to some large foreign equipment manufacturers, such as Krupp, domestic large-scale equipment manufacturing has also reached the international level. For example, the stacker of Dalian Heavy Industry, I know that it is used in a project at about 4,000 tons per hour. Sintering: Due to the structural characteristics of the domestic blast furnace charge, China's blast furnace charge is mainly based on sinter, so in the sintering machine, Especially the research on sinter is very in-depth. In the early days, foreign equipment was purchased, and now the sintering machine manufacturing, especially the modification, can be said to be at the international level. Of course, in some advanced sintering technologies, it is on par with Japan. Pelletization: In recent years, due to the large-scale development of iron concentrate raw materials, especially magnetite resources, large domestic steel plants have invested in the construction of their own pellet plants, which has improved the situation of purchasing expensive foreign pellets. However, due to the serious technical shortcomings of the original shaft furnace of pelletizing equipment, especially in terms of output, the originally developed shaft furnace equipment and technology have been slowly withdrawn. Now the large-scale pellet plants built in China are chain grate-rotary kilns, or belt-type. However, the core technologies of these large-scale equipment are still in the hands of large foreign equipment suppliers. Ironmaking: The main equipment of ironmaking is the blast furnace, taking Baosteel as an example. From Baosteel's No. 1 blast furnace that fully introduced Nippon Steel to today's No. 4 blast furnace, great progress has been made in the design, production and manufacturing of blast furnace equipment. Although there is still room for development in extra-large blast furnaces (more than 4,000 cubic feet). However, in the design and production of medium-sized blast furnace equipment, China's localization can already meet production requirements. Steelmaking: China has already completely eliminated the original open-hearth furnaces, and the current main process equipment, converters and electric furnaces, are also highly localized. Especially some auxiliary equipment, such as oxygen lances, etc., have their own characteristics in technology development and equipment manufacturing. However, it is worth noting that molten steel treatment, refining equipment, RH furnaces, etc. are still very dependent on foreign equipment. Domestic universities, such as the University of Science and Technology Beijing, have invested a lot of research in this area, but compared with the complete sets of equipment for mature foreign industry manufacturing. Domestic technology is combined with equipment, and there is still a certain gap in the production of core equipment. Steel rolling (cold rolling, hot rolling): The domestic continuous casting and rolling production technology is mature, but as far as I know, the core manufacturing technology of large equipment is still in the hands of foreign manufacturers. The domestic production of small and medium-sized rolling machines can meet the requirements. Domestic research on this part focuses on production process control, and production technology and control technology have already reached a certain scale. But there should be a gap in the production of large equipment. The original poster is right. After the development of the steel industry in recent years, domestic steel plants have invested a lot in scientific research. Domestic steel smelting equipment manufacturing has also made considerable progress. But sometimes it is precisely because the domestic steel form is so good that it masks some problems, such as the technological development of basic equipment and key core equipment. This requires more than ten or even decades to invest not just one or two steel plants, but a lot of resources. In the past two years, when the steel form was good, steel plants paid more attention to the issue of how to produce more steel while investing in scientific research. They invested a lot in equipment transformation and upgrading, and output is the economic benefit. Cost reduction is benefit. But who will do the long-term and in-depth development of core equipment technology? How to produce steel and make money when the conditions are good. But in order to make money and buy foreign equipment, foreign equipment manufacturers have also made a fortune. Now* * Talking about scale and large-scale equipment. The steel industry is the first, but relying solely on the existing development of small and medium-sized equipment is not enough. Even if you can design a 1,000-liter blast furnace, you will be eliminated quickly in two years. The design is useless. Concentrating on the core technology of large-scale equipment is the fundamental guarantee for the rapid development of China's steel industry. Another topic closely related to equipment is software issues. The hardware facilities have improved, but the software cannot keep up, and the equipment cannot play its due role. Take the blast furnace as an example. The current blast furnace expert system is not unavailable in China, but in terms of quality and effectiveness, it is far behind similar software developed abroad. The software that foreign countries are willing to sell you is commercial, and the real core control part is not for sale. You can buy equipment, but not technology. You can only rely on yourself. The equipment must be localized, and the software control must be localized. Only control software that conforms to the characteristics of Chinese steel mills can more effectively exert the efficiency of the equipment. Software development, established systematically by experts, requires close cooperation between enterprises and research institutes, universities and other higher research institutions, and concentrated development can make progress. The road is long and long. We have been searching all over the country. The road to localization of China's metallurgical equipment is long and the future is bright, but the road is bumpy. The above are some of the things I know, and they are written by myself. Welcome to correct me!

Haha, what you said is more professional than mine. Thank you for your addition!

I noticed that the author's specialty is dry quenching, but I don't know much about it. Can you introduce the situation of coke in China? I have only visited a few coking plants and learned a little bit about dry quenching and wet quenching.

This is cross-page promotion, haha! In fact, I don't know much, but I am willing to tell you what I know. The dry coke quenching device is an important environmentally friendly and energy-saving technology in the metallurgical and chemical industries. It uses cold inert gas (combustion exhaust gas) to exchange heat with the red hot red coke in the dry quenching furnace to cool the red coke. The inert gas that has absorbed the heat of the red coke transfers the heat to the CDQ boiler to generate steam. The cooled inert gas is then blown into the CDQ furnace by a circulating fan to cool the red coke. The steam generated by the dry quenching boiler is either integrated into the plant's steam pipe network or sent to generate electricity. At present, there are more than 40 sets of dry quenching devices in China, with a maximum tonnage of: 260T/H (Shougang Jingtang Company is under construction) Regarding the domestic coke market, Shanxi Province is the largest coke production base in my country (accounting for about 30% of the national output, about 80% of the national export volume, and about 50% of the world trade volume). Since coke is an important raw material for the metallurgical industry, before the first half of 2008, the domestic steel industry, driven by infrastructure construction and the real estate industry, rapidly grew into the backbone of the domestic economy, and the price of coke has also risen sharply. From 2000 to the present, the price of coke in my country has gone through several ups and downs, rising from more than 700 to a record high of more than 3,000. ； Now it has fallen below 2000. Before the first half of 2008, the price of coke has been rising in a straight line, and the production of coke has also been increasing. In 2008, my country's total coke production was close to 400 million tons, accounting for more than 60% of global coke production. ； There is serious overcapacity. Due to the impact of the global economic crisis, the price of coke is certainly not immune to the crisis while the steel industry is undergoing it ； At present, coke prices in various places are hovering around 2,000 yuan. It is estimated that there will be little room for price increases in coke in 2009, and production capacity will be lower than that in 2008 due to downstream impacts and industry consolidation.

There is still a gap in the technical level of equipment at home and abroad.

In fact, domestic metallurgical equipment manufacturers have unknowingly fallen into a vicious cycle of price competition, and companies pay more attention to price than to equipment technology requirements.