Note: Chemical Engineering Examination – Chemical Process Design – Study Summary

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1. Understood the basic requirements and key tasks that must be met by those working in chemical process design and chemical process system design. 2. The optimized design of the process scheme includes the optimization of the process flow and the selection of appropriate types of equipment. (1) The “onion model” was proposed for optimizing the process flow scheme in the entire development and design process. It fully emphasizes the interrelationships and orderly, hierarchical nature among the reaction system, separation system, heat exchange network, and utility systems. (2) Objectives and methods for optimizing the reaction process, distillation process, and evaporation system were proposed. (3) Emphasize the requirements for selecting various appropriate unit operation equipment. 3. Understand the importance of process flow diagrams in design, and master the main design elements they should include. 4. Understand the principles for determining the design pressure and design temperature of equipment and pipelines. The determination of design pressure and design temperature is related to operating conditions, properties of the medium, etc. 5. Understand the equipment used in the process, including the determination of parameters for reactors, heat exchangers, towers, pumps, fans, compressors, storage tanks, etc., as well as the selection of equipment materials and any special manufacturing requirements related to the process. 6. Understand the basic principles of process control schemes and the control schemes for typical chemical processing units. 7. Understand the basic knowledge and specific applications related to fire protection, occupational safety and health, and environmental protection in process professional design. 8. Understand the methods of process energy analysis, be familiar with the basic principles, design principles, experience, and steps related to the pinch analysis method, as well as various energy-saving measures. 9. Understand the importance of process piping and instrumentation diagrams within a plant in the engineering design process, as well as the main elements that such diagrams should include. 10. Master the application of Bernoulli’s equation, and learn the method of determining the optimal pipe diameter using common values for flow velocity and pipe pressure drop. 11. Master the calculation of pipeline resistance for compressible and incompressible fluids, understand the methods for calculating local resistance, and be aware of the techniques and methods for controlling noise in pipelines and valves. 12. Understand the factors that pose safety hazards in chemical processing units, as well as the principles behind the installation and appropriate application areas of safety devices such as valves, safety valves, rupture disks, flow control orifices, and flame arrestors. 13. Design for the installation of mechanical pumps: introduction to the concepts of the net positive suction head required by the pump, NPSHr, and the effective net positive suction head of the pump system, NPSHa, along with their specific calculation methods and requirements. 14. Understand the principles and design requirements for equipment piping layout, as well as the relevant knowledge necessary to prepare piping data sheets. 15. Familiar with the common safety analysis methods, including HAZOP (Hazard and Operability) analysis, fault tree analysis, and the listing method.