Technical features of GSP

I. Introduction to Siemens (GSP) gasification technology: Siemens (GSP) gasification technology is a fluidized-bed gasification process that utilizes dry powder feeding, oxygen-based gasification, liquid slag discharge, and quenching of the crude syngas. This process includes units such as a pressurized metering and conveying system for dry pulverized coal (i.e., the coal conveying system), gasification and quenching, gas dust removal and cooling (i.e., the gas purification system), and black water treatment. Through this process, inexpensive raw materials such as coal, petroleum coke, and waste, which cause significant pollution when burned directly, can be converted into clean, high-value syngas – namely carbon monoxide and hydrogen. This syngas serves as a basic raw material for producing chemical products; it can be used to manufacture items such as methanol, synthetic ammonia, and synthetic oils. It can also be utilized for power generation or directly in urban gas systems and as synthetic natural gas. 1. Pressurized metering conveying system for dry coal powder: The ground and dried coal powder is delivered by low-pressure nitrogen to the coal pressurization and feeding system. This system includes a storage bin, a lockhopper, and a dense-phase fluidized bed feed hopper. Depending on the downstream products, the pressurized gas and carrier gas used in the system can be nitrogen or carbon dioxide. The pulverized coal flow rate is measured by a flow meter on the coal powder pipeline leading to the furnace. 2. Gasification and quenching system: The pressurized dry coal powder delivered by the carrier gas, oxygen, and a small amount of steam (requirements vary depending on the type of coal) are introduced into the gasification furnace through a combined nozzle. The gasifier includes a gasification chamber and a quenching chamber with water-cooled walls made of heat-resistant low-alloy steel. The operating pressure of the Siemens (GSP) gasifier is 2.5–4.0 MPa(g). Based on the ash fusion characteristics of the coal powder, the gasification operation temperature is controlled between 1350°C and 1750°C. The high-temperature gas, along with the liquid slag, flows downward out of the gasification chamber and directly into the quenching chamber, where it is cooled by high-pressure water sprayed there. In the water bath at the bottom of the quenching chamber, the liquid slag turns into granular form; it is then periodically removed from the slag discharge hopper and transferred to the slag pond, from where it is taken away using a slag skimmer. The saturated crude syngas exiting the quench chamber is transported to the downstream syngas purification unit. 3. Gas dust removal and cooling system: The gas dust removal and cooling system includes two-stage Venturi washers, one-stage partial condenser, and a scrubber tower. The designed dust content of the purified syngas is less than 1 mg/Nm3, and it is sent to downstream processes. 4. Black water treatment system: The black water generated by the system is sent to two-stage flash tanks after depressurization to remove the gaseous components from it. The black water in these flash tanks is then transferred to a sedimentation tank, where a small amount of flocculant is added to accelerate the flocculation and sedimentation of fine residues in the gray water. The sediment at the bottom of the sedimentation tank is filtered out using a filter press and compressed into sludge cakes, which are then loaded onto vehicles for transportation away. The graywater from the upper part of the sedimentation tank, along with the filtrate, is sent back to the quenching chamber for use as quenching water. To control the total salt content in the water, a small amount of wastewater must be sent to the plant’s overall wastewater treatment system located outside this area, where fresh softened water is added to the system. II. Characteristics of Siemens (GSP) gasification technology 1. \"Two highs and two lows\": namely, high adaptability to various coal types and high technical performance indicators ； Low investment, low maintenance costs. 2. High adaptability to different coal types: It can be used from lignite to anthracite and even petroleum coke. Coal powder feeding, unaffected by slurry-forming properties. There are no special requirements regarding ash content and ash fusion point ； 3. High technical parameters: High gasification temperature, generally ranging from 1350°C to 1750°C. The carbon conversion rate can reach up to 99%; the methane content in the gas is extremely low (CH4 < 0.1% (V)), with no heavy hydrocarbons present. The proportion of useful gases in the syngas, namely CO + H2, is very high, and the efficiency of cold gas utilization exceeds 80%* ； 4. Low investment: Develop gasifiers of different specifications for projects of various scales. The equipment specifications are smaller compared to those of similar technologies, resulting in lower equipment costs, installation costs, and transportation costs ； 5. Low maintenance costs: Compact process flow ； The equipment has a long service life; it features a gasification furnace with a water-cooled wall structure, without refractory bricks, and is expected to last for more than 25 years ； By using a combined nozzle (which combines the ignition nozzle and the production nozzle), the expected service life of the main unit is over 10 years. Starting and stopping are easy, and the time required is short (it only takes 1–2 hours to reach full capacity from a cold state) ； In line with Siemens Group’s requirements for energy conservation and environmental protection, gasification is carried out using Siemens’ GSP gasification technology, resulting in no emission of harmful gases ； The wastewater does not contain harmful substances such as phenols or cyanides ； The slag contains no soluble harmful substances and can be used as a raw material for building materials ； The system recycles water, enabling clean and efficient use of energy. This post was last edited by lhy on 2009-2-17 09:10]

There are no GSP furnaces in operation in China at the moment, so it’s not possible to know any specific details; we’ll have to wait and see how the GSP furnaces operated by Ningmei perform

GSP technology: http://bbs.hcbbs.com/viewthread.php?tid=84387&highlight=gsp. For more information, please refer to the “GSP” materials compiled on the forum (compiled by Li Xuegang)

Before and after Siemens’ acquisition, there was virtually no technological advancement in GSP furnaces; the technology remained that of the 1970s and 1980s. The steam pressure generated by these furnaces is 0.5–0.6 MPa. For proper operation, they require liquefied gas or gas produced internally for combustion, with consumption accounting for over 1% – roughly 10 million yuan worth of fuel being used each year. According to research, the furnace temperature is generally maintained between 1500–1600°C, which is 150–200°C higher than the ash melting point; therefore, the ash melting point of the coal used should be below 1400°C. If raising the furnace temperature is used to burn coal with a high ash fusion point, there are two issues: 1. Safety ； 2. High consumption (high consumption of coal and oxygen; Siemens does not know exactly by how much).

Please check the technical features of GSP coal gasification under pressure at http://bbs.hcbbs.com/thread-259185-1-1.html