What is solvent oil?

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Solvent oil is one of the five major categories of petroleum products. Mineral spirits have many uses. The largest amount of solvents is coating solvents (commonly known as paint solvents), followed by edible oils, printing inks, leather, pesticides, insecticides, rubber, cosmetics, spices, medicines, electronic components and other solvents. There are currently about 400-500 kinds of solvents on the market, of which mineral spirits (hydrocarbon solvents, benzene compounds) account for about half. According to boiling range, solvent oil can be divided into three categories:: Low boiling point solvent oil, such as 6# extraction solvent oil, boiling range is 60-90℃ ； Medium boiling point solvent oil, such as rubber solvent oil, boiling range is 80-120℃ ； High-boiling point solvent oil, such as paint solvent oil, has a boiling range of 140-200°C. Ink solvent oil, which has been widely used in recent years, has a dry point as high as 300°C. Under normal circumstances, 60~90℃ is called extraction solvent oil, which is often called 6# solvent oil. ； 80~120℃ is called rubber solvent oil, which is often called 120# solvent oil. ； 140~200℃ is called paint solvent oil, that is, 200# solvent oil. In addition, there are ink solvents, dry cleaning solvents, etc. Sometimes, distillation range cuts vary from company to company. For example, for 6# solvent oil, some manufacturers have a distillation range of 60 to 75°C. We usually call it narrow 6# solvent oil to show the difference. According to actual production, the distillation range of 120# solvent oil is often controlled between 90 and 120°C. According to the chemical structure, solvent oil can be divided into three types: paraffinic hydrocarbons, naphthenic hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons. In fact, except for a few pure hydrocarbon compounds such as ethane, toluene and xylene, solvent oils are mixtures of various structural hydrocarbons. From the chemical composition, it can be divided into paraffins, cycloalkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons. The commonly referred to as 6#, 120#, and 200# solvent oils are paraffins. Aromatic hydrocarbons refer to benzene, toluene, xylene, etc. According to the purpose, it can usually be divided into extraction solvent oil mainly used to extract animal and vegetable oils such as soybean oil, rapeseed oil, peanut oil and bone oil, rubber solvent oil used in rubber, shoe rubber, tires and other fields, paint solvent oil used in the paint and coating industry, etc. In addition, there are washing solvents, ink solvents, etc. according to * * Standard GB1922-88, which divides solvent oils according to their 98% distillation temperature or dry point. Common brands include: 70# fragrant flower solvent oil, 90# petroleum ether, 120# rubber solvent oil, 190# detergent oil, 200# paint solvent oil, 260# special kerosene solvent. In addition, there are 6# extraction solvent oil, aviation washing gasoline, and 310# color ink solvent oil. Agricultural locust-killing solvent oil, etc. In fact, there are far more than these sold on the market. Manufacturers can produce various specifications of solvent oil according to user needs. The properties of solvent oil vary depending on its use. When choosing solvent oil, you should mainly consider its solubility, volatility, and safety. Of course, depending on its use, other properties cannot be ignored, and sometimes they are even more important. Solvent oil includes two processes: cutting fractions and refining. There are usually three ways to extract fractions:: Taken directly from the normal pressure tower ； Re-cut the corresponding light straight fraction into appropriate narrow fractions ； and fractionating the catalytic reforming raffinate. Various solvent oil fractions generally need to be refined and processed. To improve color, improve stability, remove corrosive substances and reduce toxicity, etc. Commonly used refining methods include alkali washing, clay refining and hydrogenation refining. Mineral spirits are complex mixtures of hydrocarbons that are highly flammable and explosive. Therefore, from production, storage and transportation to use, strict attention must be paid to preventing the occurrence of fire. There are roughly three ways to express the toxicity of solvent oil.: Lethal dose (LD): It is generally used to express the intensity of the physiological effects of highly toxic substances on animals. Lethal concentration (LC): Concentration is a measure of acute poisoning. Maximum Allowable Concentration (MAC): The maximum allowable concentration is usually expressed in parts per million (ppm or 10-6) of the vapor capacity in the air. This is a rough estimate of the toxicity of the solvent, which varies from person to person and is not an absolute limit.