Use and Management of Emergency Lights
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Types of emergency lights: Portable emergency lights, fire emergency lights, energy-saving emergency lights, underwater emergency lights, rechargeable emergency lights, solar-powered emergency lights, multi-functional emergency lights, DC fan DC-001 emergency light, HX-628B rechargeable emergency light, HX-618C type emergency light, HX-628D type rechargeable emergency light. Use of fire emergency lights: Fire emergency lighting systems. Summary: Fire emergency lighting systems mainly include emergency lighting in case of accidents, as well as signs and indicators for emergency exits. They are designed to guide trapped people to evacuate or to facilitate firefighting and rescue operations when the normal lighting supply is interrupted due to a fire. However, routine inspections have revealed that the organization has many issues regarding the selection, installation, and use of fire emergency lighting fixtures. Therefore, the proper selection of the power supply control method and wiring scheme for emergency lighting systems, along with proper routine maintenance, have a direct impact on the effectiveness of these fire emergency lighting systems. Keywords: Emergency lighting, Power supply control methods, Installation and maintenance I. Rational selection of power supply control methods for emergency lighting systems At present, the emergency lighting systems in use in China are mainly of the type with independent power sources; the normal power supply comes from the regular lighting circuit, and this circuit is used to charge the batteries of the emergency lights. When the normal power supply is cut off, the backup power source (batteries) takes over to supply power. Each of these emergency lights contains a large number of electronic components such as transformers, voltage stabilizers, chargers, inverters, and batteries. The battery in such emergency lights needs to be charged and discharged during use, maintenance, and in case of faults. Another type is the centralized power supply and control type; the emergency lighting fixtures do not have an independent power source, and in the event of a failure in the normal lighting power supply, they are powered by a centralized power supply system. In this type of emergency lighting system, the complex electronic circuits inside all the luminaires are eliminated; the emergency lighting fixtures are no different from ordinary fixtures, and the centralized power supply system is located in a dedicated room. Compared with emergency lighting fixtures with independent control via their own power sources, those with centralized power and centralized control offer advantages such as easier centralized management, facilitation for users to conduct self-inspections, ease in fire safety inspections, extended lifespan of the fixtures, and improved efficiency in emergency evacuations. They also feature good system reliability, a long service life, convenient maintenance and management, and low system costs. However, in emergency lighting fixtures with centralized power supply and control, since there is no backup power source (battery) inside each fixture, a failure in the power supply circuit will directly affect the proper operation of the emergency lighting system; therefore, special fire protection requirements are imposed on the installation of such power supply circuits. Independent emergency lighting fixtures with built-in power sources, on the other hand, have a backup power source (battery) inside each fixture, so they require no special wiring; a failure in the power supply lines does not prevent the backup power source from taking over. When an emergency light fails, it generally only affects that particular light unit, with little impact on the entire system. When selecting emergency lighting fixtures, the emergency lighting system should be chosen appropriately based on the specific circumstances. Generally, for new construction projects or those equipped with fire control rooms, it is advisable to arrange the wiring uniformly during the construction process, and to use emergency lighting systems that rely on centralized power supplies and control ； For small spaces, or for projects involving subsequent modifications or secondary renovations, emergency lighting with its own power source and independent control should be used. II. Issues to Note When Wiring Emergency Lights (1) Common Wiring Methods for Emergency Lights It has been found through regular inspections that incorrect wiring methods are a common cause of emergency lighting fixtures not functioning properly. There are six common wiring methods for emergency lighting: (II) Precautions 1. It is necessary to accurately understand the characteristics of each wiring method to avoid improper wiring that prevents it from functioning as intended ； 2. If emergency lighting is to be used as part of the regular lighting, a three-wire controllable wiring method should be employed. 3. For multi-story public buildings, if there is no fire control center, the emergency lighting fixtures in various areas can be controlled using local switches (single lamp control or multiple lamp control), or via a three-wire system with centralized control from the distribution box. 4. In projects with a fire control center, in order to ensure that the fire control center can activate the emergency lighting in the floor where the fire occurred as well as in related floors in the event of a fire, the wiring methods shown in Figures (5) and (6) should be used. III. Installation and Maintenance of Emergency Lights 1. In engineering design, to facilitate regular maintenance and management, fire emergency lighting should preferably be powered by dedicated feed circuits on a floor-by-floor basis. 2. To ensure the reliability of the power supply for fire emergency lighting, where possible, it should be powered by the low-voltage emergency busbar section in the substation; that is, when diesel generator sets are used as emergency power sources, as long as the generators are operational, they will continue to provide power. 3. In a fire situation, there is less smoke and more oxygen near the ground; the instinctive reaction when evacuating is to bend over or crawl, so local high-intensity lighting is more effective than the uniform lighting provided by fixtures mounted at higher heights. Therefore, low-mounted installation should be promoted, that is, providing emergency evacuation lighting near the ground or at ground level. 4. All emergency lights are shipped in a discharged state; they must be charged for 20 hours before use before they can be discharged. 5. Emergency lighting fixtures in use should be regularly checked for their performance; every half month or month, a continuous switching test should be conducted to verify the circuit switching function and the emergency capabilities of the batteries, and the batteries should be discharged to extend their service life. 6. Ensure proper fire protection for distribution lines; when installed concealed, they should be placed within non-combustible structures, with a protective layer thickness of no less than 30 mm ； When installed openly, metal pipes should be used, and fire-resistant coating should be applied to the outside of these pipes, or other fire prevention measures should be taken ； The wiring shall use fire-resistant cables or heat-resistant cables and wires. What is the difference between emergency lights and regular lights? Emergency lights are generally designed in a rectangular shape, with the capability to provide illumination over long distances as well as wide areas at close range. High-quality LED emergency lights are generally white in color and do not have any flickering at all, so they are good for the eyes. It is also easy to carry; it can be moved around at home or taken on outdoor trips for camping. Ordinary table lamps or rechargeable table lamps are quite common, so there’s no need to go into much detail about them. Generally, they don’t have a function for shining light over long distances, and they’re not convenient to carry in emergency situations. Power source for charging emergency lights: Depending on the required power level, common options include 6V4AH lead-acid batteries and 6V4.5AH batteries
Instruction Manual for Ceiling-Mounted Fire Emergency Lighting Fixtures 1 Overview The ceiling-mounted fire emergency lighting fixtures (hereinafter referred to as emergency lights) are products covered by design patents, and they are designed and manufactured in accordance with the standard **\"Fire Emergency Lighting Fixtures\" (GB17945-2000)\”. Both the lamp housing and lamp panel are made from high-quality steel sheets that have been drawn and then coated with plastic, giving them a novel and attractive appearance. The light source uses energy-saving electronic lamps, which are easy to replace, save electricity, and offer high luminous efficiency (an 11W energy-saving lamp has the same lighting efficiency as a 60W incandescent lamp). Emergency lights can also be equipped with an audio-visual control circuit that responds to the status of the main power supply, making them suitable for use as regular lighting as well as emergency lighting in corridors across various locations. 2 Main technical parameters 2.1 Main power supply: AC220V, 50Hz. 2.2 Emergency power supply (built into the lamp): Nickel-cadmium battery pack. 2.3 Emergency switching time: not more than 5s. 2.4 Emergency response time: not less than 90 min. 2.5 Battery charging time: not more than 24 hours. 2.6 The emergency light is equipped with green, red, and yellow indicator lights, which indicate respectively the three states of main power supply, charging, and fault (open battery circuit). 2.7 Power of energy-saving lamps: ≤11W. 3 Installation and Usage 3.1 Rotate the lamp housing clockwise to the extreme position, then remove the lamp housing and glass panel, and unplug the connector connected to the display panel. 3.2 Pull the power cord out of its sheath, fix the light panel to the ceiling using three wood screws, and connect the power cord and ground wire to the terminal blocks according to the wiring markings. 3.3 Insert the wiring connectors of the display panel, place the glass panel into the lamp housing, and align the protrusion on the inner surface of the lamp housing near the display panel with the notch on the side of the circuit board mounted on the lamp base. Press upward and rotate to the extreme position (about 45°) to secure the lamp housing. 3.4 After installation, the emergency light must be charged for 24 hours (i.e., connected to the AC power supply) before it can meet the requirements for use in emergency situations. 3.5 The emergency switching function of the light fixture can be tested using a test button; when this button is pressed, if the light flashes briefly before continuing to shine, it proves that the switching function is working properly. The fact that the emergency light continues to shine properly after the AC power supply to the lighting fixture is disconnected also indicates that the conversion function is working correctly. If the lighting duration in this condition is less than 90 minutes, it indicates that the battery has insufficient charge; after 24 hours of charging, it will be able to meet the specified emergency operation time. 3.6 If the emergency light is disconnected from the AC power supply for an extended period, its battery capacity will decrease. It is necessary to carry out 1–5 charge-discharge cycles (one cycle consists of charging the battery with AC power for 24 hours, followed by discharging it until the light goes out) in order to activate the battery before using it again. 3.7 For lamps that are continuously powered by the main electricity supply, they should be discharged regularly every 6 months, followed by recharging, in order to maintain the battery in optimal condition. 4 Precautions 4.1 When replacing energy-saving lamps, their power must not exceed 11W. 4.2 Emergency lights are highly specialized products; apart from replacing the energy-saving lamps, users must not attempt to repair them on their own. Our company’s professionals will provide you with excellent service. Harbin Haokè Lighting Co., Ltd. Phone: 0451-82530666 82537683
Types of emergency lights: Portable emergency lights, fire emergency lights, energy-saving emergency lights, underwater emergency lights, rechargeable emergency lights, solar-powered emergency lights, multi-functional emergency lights, DC fan DC-001 emergency light, HX-628B rechargeable emergency light, HX-618C type emergency light, HX-628D type rechargeable emergency light. Use of fire emergency lights: Fire emergency lighting systems. Summary: Fire emergency lighting systems mainly include emergency lighting in case of accidents, as well as signs and indicators for emergency exits. They are designed to guide trapped people to evacuate or to facilitate firefighting and rescue operations when the normal lighting supply is interrupted due to a fire. However, routine inspections have revealed that the organization has many issues regarding the selection, installation, and use of fire emergency lighting fixtures. Therefore, the proper selection of the power supply control method and wiring scheme for emergency lighting systems, along with proper routine maintenance, have a direct impact on the effectiveness of these fire emergency lighting systems. Keywords: Emergency lighting, Power supply control methods, Installation and maintenance I. Rational selection of power supply control methods for emergency lighting systems At present, the emergency lighting systems in use in China are mainly of the type with independent power sources; the normal power supply comes from the regular lighting circuit, and this circuit is used to charge the batteries of the emergency lights. When the normal power supply is cut off, the backup power source (batteries) takes over to supply power. Each of these emergency lights contains a large number of electronic components such as transformers, voltage stabilizers, chargers, inverters, and batteries. The battery in such emergency lights needs to be charged and discharged during use, maintenance, and in case of faults. Another type is the centralized power supply and control type; the emergency lighting fixtures do not have an independent power source, and in the event of a failure in the normal lighting power supply, they are powered by a centralized power supply system. In this type of emergency lighting system, the complex electronic circuits inside all the luminaires are eliminated; the emergency lighting fixtures are no different from ordinary fixtures, and the centralized power supply system is located in a dedicated room. Compared with emergency lighting fixtures with independent control via their own power sources, those with centralized power and centralized control offer advantages such as easier centralized management, facilitation for users to conduct self-inspections, ease in fire safety inspections, extended lifespan of the fixtures, and improved efficiency in emergency evacuations. They also feature good system reliability, a long service life, convenient maintenance and management, and low system costs. However, in emergency lighting fixtures with centralized power supply and control, since there is no backup power source (battery) inside each fixture, a failure in the power supply circuit will directly affect the proper operation of the emergency lighting system; therefore, special fire protection requirements are imposed on the installation of such power supply circuits. Independent emergency lighting fixtures with built-in power sources, on the other hand, have a backup power source (battery) inside each fixture, so they require no special wiring; a failure in the power supply lines does not prevent the backup power source from taking over. When an emergency light fails, it generally only affects that particular light unit, with little impact on the entire system. When selecting emergency lighting fixtures, the emergency lighting system should be chosen appropriately based on the specific circumstances. Generally, for new construction projects or those equipped with fire control rooms, it is advisable to arrange the wiring uniformly during the construction process, and to use emergency lighting systems that rely on centralized power supplies and control ； For small spaces, or for projects involving subsequent modifications or secondary renovations, emergency lighting with its own power source and independent control should be used. II. Issues to Note When Wiring Emergency Lights (1) Common Wiring Methods for Emergency Lights It has been found through regular inspections that incorrect wiring methods are a common cause of emergency lighting fixtures not functioning properly. There are six common wiring methods for emergency lighting: (II) Precautions 1. It is necessary to accurately understand the characteristics of each wiring method to avoid improper wiring that prevents it from functioning as intended ； 2. If emergency lighting is to be used as part of the regular lighting, a three-wire controllable wiring method should be employed. 3. For multi-story public buildings, if there is no fire control center, the emergency lighting fixtures in various areas can be controlled using local switches (single lamp control or multiple lamp control), or via a three-wire system with centralized control from the distribution box. 4. In projects with a fire control center, in order to ensure that the fire control center can activate the emergency lighting in the floor where the fire occurred as well as in related floors in the event of a fire, the wiring methods shown in Figures (5) and (6) should be used. Installation and maintenance of emergency lights 1. In engineering design, to facilitate regular maintenance and management, fire emergency lighting should preferably be powered by dedicated feed circuits on a floor-by-floor basis. 2. To ensure the reliability of the power supply for fire emergency lighting, where possible, it should be powered by the low-voltage emergency busbar section in the substation; that is, when diesel generator sets are used as emergency power sources, as long as the generators are operational, they will continue to provide power. 3. In a fire situation, there is less smoke and more oxygen near the ground; the instinctive reaction when evacuating is to bend over or crawl, so local high-intensity lighting is more effective than the uniform lighting provided by fixtures mounted at higher heights. Therefore, low-mounted installation should be promoted, that is, providing emergency evacuation lighting near the ground or at ground level. 4. All emergency lights are shipped in a discharged state; they must be charged for 20 hours before use before they can be discharged. 5. Emergency lighting fixtures in use should be regularly checked for their performance; every half month or month, a continuous switching test should be conducted to verify the circuit switching function and the emergency capabilities of the batteries, and the batteries should be discharged to extend their service life. 6. Ensure proper fire protection for distribution lines; when installed concealed, they should be placed within non-combustible structures, with a protective layer thickness of no less than 30 mm ； When installed openly, metal pipes should be used, and fire-resistant coating should be applied to the outside of these pipes, or other fire prevention measures should be taken ； The wiring shall use fire-resistant cables or heat-resistant cables and wires. What is the difference between emergency lights and regular lights? Emergency lights are generally designed in a rectangular shape, with the capability to provide illumination over long distances as well as wide areas at close range. High-quality LED emergency lights are generally white in color and do not have any flickering at all, so they are good for the eyes. It is also easy to carry; it can be moved around at home or taken on outdoor trips for camping. Ordinary table lamps or rechargeable table lamps are quite common, so there’s no need to go into much detail about them. Generally, they don’t have a function for shining light over long distances, and they’re not convenient to carry in emergency situations. Power source for charging emergency lights: Depending on the required power level, common options include 6V4AH lead-acid batteries and 6V4.5AH batteries