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Comprehensive Collection of Safety Operation Training Materials – 1. Hot Work: Welding 1. Personnel engaged in metal welding must receive professional safety and technical training, pass the relevant assessments, and work only with a valid certificate. Non-welders are strictly prohibited from performing welding tasks. 2. When operating, wear welding work clothes and insulated shoes, as well as safety gear such as welding gloves and protective face shields; use a safety belt when working at heights. 3. Flammable and explosive materials must not be stored within 10 meters of the welding site. 4. Outdoor work is prohibited in conditions of rain, snow, or wind speeds of level 6 or above (including level 6). After rain or snow, standing water and snow should be cleared before work can proceed. 5. Before starting the operation, the welder and tools, such as the insulation of the welding torch and cables, the grounding of the welder’s enclosure, and all its connection points, should be checked first. Work can only begin once it is confirmed that everything is safe and in order. 6. Welding and cutting are strictly prohibited in areas where flammable and explosive gases or liquids are present, in operating pressure pipelines and containers containing flammable and explosive materials, as well as on stressed components. 7. When welding containers that have previously stored flammable and explosive materials, it is necessary to perform multiple purging and cleaning cycles depending on the medium used, and all openings must be opened. Welding can only be carried out after safety has been confirmed through testing. 8. Ventilation measures should be taken when welding in a sealed container. During intermittent work, welders should go outside to rest. The lighting voltage inside the container must not exceed 12V. The welder’s body should be insulated from the workpiece using insulating materials. A dedicated supervisor must be assigned during welding, and this supervisor should be well-versed in the welding procedures and emergency response methods. 9. When welding copper, aluminum, lead, and zinc, protective equipment must be worn, and the work must be carried out in a well-ventilated area. When welding in areas with hazardous atmospheres, gas protection measures should be taken, and forced ventilation should be employed if necessary. 10. When the welding area is humid or the welder’s clothes become wet from sweating, it is strictly prohibited to lean against live steel plates or workpieces. The welder should work on a dry insulating board or mat, and the assistants should wear insulated shoes or stand on insulating boards. 11. During welding, the temporary grounding wire ends must not be loose; they must be secured and pressed tightly, and covered thoroughly with tape. 12. During operation, the power supply must be disconnected in the following situations: (1) When changing the welder’s connections ； (2) When replacing the welded component requires rewiring the secondary circuit ； (3) When moving the welder to a different work location ； (4) When the welding machine malfunctions and requires repair ； (5) When replacing the safety device ； (6) When the work is completed or when temporarily leaving the operation site. 13. When working at heights, the following rules must be followed: (1) Standard fire-resistant safety belts must be used, and they must be fastened to a secure structure ； (2) A protective fence must be installed 5 meters directly below the work site, with a dedicated person assigned to supervise it. Flammable and explosive items in the area below must be removed ； (3) A helmet-type mask must be worn. Welding cables should be tied securely in place; it is strictly prohibited to tie them around the body or carry them on the back while working ； (4) Welders must work on a stable platform; the welding machine must be placed firmly and securely, with proper grounding protection in place. 14. During operation, it is strictly prohibited to carry the workpiece to be welded with the welding torch under the arm or to hang the welding cable around the neck. 15. During welding, the secondary wire must be connected in two wires; it is strictly prohibited to use metal pipes, scaffolding, etc. as circuit ground wires. The welding torch cable is undamaged and has good insulation. A welding machine shock protector must be installed on the welding torch cable. 16. When welding cables pass over roads, they must be elevated or other protective measures taken. 17. The welding torch cable must not be placed near the arc or beside the hot weld. Do not crush the welding wire. The welding torch cable should be protected from damage by sharp objects. 18. Protective glasses or a face shield should be worn when removing welding slag. The welding tips should be stored in a concentrated pile. 19. After work, the power must be turned off by closing the switch, and the ground wire must be separated from the live wire. And ensure that the fire is extinguished before leaving the scene. II. Hot work: Gas welding and gas cutting 1. When lighting the welding (cutting) torch, first open the acetylene valve to ignite it, and then open the oxygen valve to adjust the flame. When shutting down, the acetylene valve should be closed first, followed by the oxygen valve. 2. When igniting, the tip of the welding torch must not be directed at people, and a burning welding torch must not be placed on the workpiece or the ground. When the welding torch is equipped with acetylene gas and oxygen, it must not be placed in a metal container. 3. If air leakage is detected in the air supply line or air valves during operation, the operation must be stopped immediately. 4. If the oxygen tube catches fire during use, the oxygen valve should be closed immediately; the oxygen tube must not be bent to cut off the oxygen supply ； If the acetylene tube catches fire, the torch should be turned off first; the fire can be extinguished by bending a section of the flexible tube at the front. 5. When working at heights, oxygen cylinders, acetylene cylinders, and liquefied gas cylinders must not be placed directly below the work area; they should be kept at a distance of more than 10 meters from the location where work is being done. Flammable materials beneath the work area must be removed. 6. Do not operate the rubber hose with it on your back. 7. After use, remove the pressure reducer, screw on the cylinder safety cap, coil up and tie the hose, then hang it in a dry place indoors ； Inspect the operation area and ensure there is no risk of fire before leaving. 8. When working outdoors in winter, if the pressure relief valve hoses and flow meters freeze, hot water (hot water bags), steam, or heating equipment should be used to thaw them; it is strictly prohibited to use fire for thawing. 9. The following rules must be followed when using oxygen cylinders: (1) Oxygen cylinders should be stored separately from other flammable gases, oils, and other flammable and explosive materials. (2) When storing high-pressure gas cylinders, tighten the cylinder caps, arrange them neatly, and secure them. (3) The gas cylinder storage area should be kept at a distance of over 10 meters from sources of high temperature and open flames. (4) Oxygen cylinders should be placed horizontally and secured during transportation, with their height not exceeding the sides of the vehicle tray. (5) It is strictly prohibited to use bicycles, forklifts, or lifting equipment to lift high-pressure gas cylinders. (6) Oxygen cylinders should be equipped with shock-absorbing rings and safety caps; impact must be strictly avoided during handling and use. (7) The valve of the oxygen cylinder must not be contaminated with grease or dirt. Oxygen cylinder valves must not be touched with greasy tools, gloves, or work clothing. (8) Oxygen cylinders must not be exposed to direct sunlight; when working outdoors in summer, sun shields or shelters should be set up. (9) The distance between the oxygen cylinder and welding torches, cutting torches, furnaces, and other open flames should be no less than 10 m. The distance from the acetylene cylinder should be no less than 5m. (10) When opening the valve of the oxygen cylinder, the operator must not face the pressure regulator; a special tool should be used. The start-up operation should be slow, and the pressure gauge pointer should respond sensitively and normally. The oxygen in the oxygen cylinder must not be used up completely; a pressure of not less than 49 kPa must be maintained. (11) The use of oxygen cylinders without pressure regulators is strictly prohibited. (12) When installing the pressure regulator, first check that there is no grease on the oxygen cylinder valve and connections; slightly open the valve to remove any grease, and then install the pressure regulator. Operators must not face the valve exhaust port directly. When closing the valve, the valve bolt of the pressure reducer must be loosened first. (13) During operations, if it is found that the valve of the oxygen cylinder is malfunctioning or damaged and cannot be closed, wait until the gas in the cylinder has escaped automatically before attempting to disassemble and repair it. (14) When checking for air leaks at the bottle mouth, soap water should be used for inspection; open flames must not be used. When valves freeze in winter, they can be heated with warm water or steam; heating them with fire is strictly prohibited. 10. The following rules must be followed when using acetylene cylinders: (1) The quantity stored on-site shall not exceed 5 cylinders; if there are more than 5 cylinders, they must be stored in a dedicated storage area. The storage area must be at least 15 meters away from open flames, and it should be well-ventilated, equipped with cooling and fire-fighting facilities as well as access routes, to prevent direct sunlight. (2) When storing, acetylene cylinders should be kept upright, and measures must be taken to prevent them from tilting. It is strictly prohibited to store it in the same room as chlorine cylinders, oxygen cylinders, and other flammable and explosive materials. (3) The storage area must be managed by a designated person, and safety signs should be placed in prominent locations. (4) Special trolleys should be used to transport acetylene cylinders. Handle with care during loading and unloading; do not throw, slide, roll, or bump it. Severe vibration and impact are strictly prohibited. (5) When transported by vehicle, it should be properly secured. Gas cylinders should be placed horizontally with the valve pointing in one direction. When placed upright, the height of the carriage must not be less than 2/3 of the bottle’s height. (6) The acetylene cylinder must be held upright when in use. (7) The distance between the acetylene cylinder and heat sources must be at least 10 m, and the surface temperature of the cylinder must not exceed 40°C. (8) An appropriate pressure regulator must be installed on the acetylene cylinder when in use; the connection between the regulator and the cylinder valve must be secure to prevent leaks. (9) The gas inside the bottle must not be exhausted; a pressure of not less than 98 kPa must be maintained. (10) Copper, silver, mercury, and their products must not come into contact with acetylene under any circumstances. 11. The following rules must be followed when using liquefied petroleum gas cylinders: (1) Liquefied petroleum gas cylinders must be placed in well-ventilated indoor areas; smoking and open flames are strictly prohibited inside, and fire-fighting equipment must be installed as required. (2) When heating gas cylinders in winter, warm water below 40°C can be used; heating with fire or boiling water is strictly prohibited. (3) Gas cylinders must be placed upright and secured during transportation and storage, and must not be subjected to impacts during handling. (4) Gas cylinders must not be inverted, and it is strictly prohibited to pour out residual liquid. (5) The valve tube of the bottle must not leak air, and the threads of the plug and corner valve must not be corroded. (6) The gas cylinder must not be filled to capacity; 10%~15% of space should be left for vaporization. (7) Hoses and gaskets should be made of oil-resistant materials. (8) When in use, light the fire first and then turn on the gas; after use, close all valves. 12. The following rules must be followed when using pressure reducers: (1) Pressure reducers for different gases must not be used interchangeably. (2) The outlet connector of the pressure reducer and the hose should be tied tightly. (3) When the pressure reducer freezes, it should be thawed using hot water or steam; heating with fire is strictly prohibited. (4) Before installing the pressure reducer, slightly open the oxygen valve to blow out any debris. (5) A check should be performed before installing the pressure reducer, and the pressure reducer must not be contaminated with grease. (6) The oxygen valve must be opened slowly; do not use excessive force. (7) When the pressure reducer experiences backflow or air leakage, the gas valve must be closed immediately, and the pressure reducer removed for repair. 13. The following rules must be followed when using welding and cutting torches: (1) Before using the welding and cutting torches, it is necessary to check their suction function; if the suction is abnormal, it must be repaired before use. (2) Before igniting the welding torch and cutting torch, check the tightness of the connections and all gas valves; there should be no leaks at these connections or valves. The welding nozzles and cutting nozzles must not leak air or become clogged. If air leakage occurs during use, stop working immediately and use it again after it has been repaired. (3) It is strictly prohibited to block the welding nozzles or cutting nozzles with hands or other objects when both the oxygen valve and the acetylene valve are open. (4) The welding nozzles and cutting nozzles must not be overheated; when the temperature becomes too high, they should be placed in water to cool down. (5) The gas passages of welding and cutting torches must not be contaminated with grease. 14. Rubber hoses shall comply with the following requirements: (1) Rubber hoses must be able to withstand gas pressure ； Hoses for different gases must not be used interchangeably. (2) The length of the hose shall not be less than 5 m; 10–15 m is recommended. The oxygen hose connections must be secured tightly. (3) During use, the oxygen hose and acetylene hose must not be contaminated with grease, nor must they come into contact with hot metal or sharp objects. 3. Working at heights 1. For construction work at heights (scaffold workers), it is necessary to receive professional safety and technical training, pass the relevant examinations, and work with an operational permit; those who are not scaffold workers shall not carry out such work without permission. 2. Scaffold workers must undergo a medical examination; those suffering from hypertension, heart disease, epilepsy, acrophobia, insufficient vision, or being otherwise unsuitable for work at heights shall not engage in scaffold erection tasks. 3. Use personal safety equipment properly; wear clothing that allows for ease of movement. When working at heights of more than 2 meters, it is necessary to wear a safety belt and fasten it securely to the installed vertical and horizontal bars, as well as wear anti-slip shoes. 4. Outdoor work should be halted in case of strong winds of force 6 or above (including force 6), as well as in adverse weather conditions such as high temperatures, heavy rain, heavy snow, and dense fog. Inspections should be carried out after wind, rain, and snow; any signs of tilting, sinking, or detachment should be repaired promptly, and the structure can only be used once it is in good condition. 5. Scaffolding should be erected in line with the progress of the project. For scaffolding that has not yet been completed, no unsecured components or safety hazards should remain when leaving the work area, to ensure the stability of the scaffold. 6. When erecting or dismantling scaffolding near live equipment, it is advisable to carry out the work with the power turned off. When working near external high-voltage overhead lines, the minimum safe operating distance between the outer edge of the scaffold and the edge of those high-voltage lines must not be less than the values shown in the table below. External power line voltage (kV): Below 1, 1–10, 35–110, 154–220, 330–500. Minimum safe operating distance (m): 4, 6, 8, 10, 12. Note: Ladders and ramps for scaffolding must not be installed on the side where external power lines are present. 7. For various non-standard scaffolds, special types of scaffolds with excessive spans or heavy loads, or other new types of scaffolds, operations shall be carried out in accordance with the approvals specified in the specialized safety construction plan. 8. When the scaffold is erected higher than the top of the building under construction, the inner rows of vertical poles should be 40~50 mm below the eaves, while the outer rows should be 1~1.5 m above the eaves. Two guardrails should be installed, along with close-mesh safety nets. 9. The erection, dismantling, maintenance, and lifting of scaffolds must be carried out by scaffold workers; those who are not scaffold workers are not allowed to perform scaffold operations. IV. Basic regulations for entering the site 1. Persons entering the construction area must wear safety helmets and fasten their straps properly. Prevent injuries to the head caused by falling objects from heights or by other objects hitting the head. 2. There is a lot of debris in the construction area; walking barefoot or in slippers can easily lead to foot injuries, and it is difficult to walk properly which increases the risk of falls. Therefore, walking barefoot, in slippers, high heels, or slippery shoes with spikes is prohibited. 3. Do not remove or modify any safety facilities at the construction site without permission. Prevent injuries and deaths during construction due to the lack of safety facilities. 4. Employees who are not trained for this type of work are prohibited from touching or manipulating various mechanical and electrical equipment. They should also avoid staying under loads lifted by lifting machinery, in order to prevent mechanical injuries, electric shock, and accidents caused by falling objects. On the unloading platform, it is prohibited to stick one’s head into the derrick or to look out from the floor platform of the external elevator, to prevent accidents caused by the cage cutting into people. 5. At the construction site, be careful of vehicles; do not rest under them to avoid being run over. 6. Be aware of various holes at the site; when on the scaffolding, pay attention to the protective plates, holes, and surrounding safeguards to prevent falls from heights. 7. When working at heights, it is strictly prohibited to throw any objects downward to prevent injury to people below. 8. Fighting is prohibited in the site, and operating under the influence of alcohol is strictly forbidden to prevent accidents. 9. When using power tools and electrical equipment, leakage protection devices should be installed, and insulated gloves should be worn during operation to prevent electric shock accidents. 10. When working at heights, safety belts must be used correctly. They should be worn high and positioned low, attached to fixed structures to prevent falls and resulting injuries. 11. When working with paints and coatings, appropriate protective clothing must be worn, and the work area must be well-ventilated to prevent poisoning by harmful gases. 12. All workers must strictly abide by various safety regulations and operating procedures to prevent accidents and injuries. 13. All personnel engaged in special operations must strictly comply with all requirements of \"safety anticipation\". 5. Lifting – Lifting Command: 1. One should be familiar with the technical specifications and lifting capabilities of the crane being commanded, and be able to carry out inspections in conjunction with the operator on a regular basis. Be able to use gestures, flag signals, whistles, and communication equipment skillfully. 2. Understand the weight of common materials, the methods for lifting and positioning them, as well as the center of gravity of components, and be able to calculate the weight of non-standard components and materials. 3. Use lifting equipment and rigging properly, and weave steel ropes of various specifications. There is knowledge on preventing deformation of components during loading, unloading, transportation, and stacking. Master the maximum lifting capacity of cranes as well as their lifting capacities at various heights and distances, and be well-versed in the knowledge related to lifting operations. 4. Possess the capability to direct operations of single, dual, or multiple machines. 5. Strictly enforce the principle of “ten no-lifts”. In other words: the weight of the load being lifted exceeds the range permitted by the mechanical properties ； Signal is unclear ； There is someone under the lifted object ； People standing on the lifted object ； Things buried underground ； Tensioning and pulling elements ； The scattered items are not secure ； Vertical components, large formwork, etc. do not require clamps ； Small items without containers ； The weight of the load is unknown, etc. 6. Lift it 20~30 cm off the ground, then stop the hook for inspection. The inspection includes the crane’s braking and stability, the reliability of the load, and the condition of the lifting rigging under stress. If any abnormality is detected, lower the hook immediately; lift it again only after thorough handling. 7. If any abnormality occurs after the load is suspended in the air, the supervisor must quickly assess the situation and urgently inform the people in the area at risk to evacuate promptly. Command the load to be lowered slowly; lifting it again is only permissible after the danger has been eliminated. 8. In the event of a sudden power outage or mechanical failure during lifting, the load must not be left hanging in the air for an extended period. Direct that the heavy object be lowered slowly to an appropriate, stable position and secured properly. Crane operator: 1. Crane operators must receive specialized safety and technical training, pass the relevant examinations, and work only after obtaining a certificate. Working under the influence of alcohol is strictly prohibited. 2. Crane operators must be in good health, with vision in both eyes of at least 1.0; they must not suffer from color blindness, hearing impairments, high blood pressure, heart disease, epilepsy, dizziness, sudden fainting, or any other diseases or physical defects that could affect crane operation. 3. Before starting the work, it is necessary to check the working environment, lifting gear, and protective equipment. There are no unauthorized persons in the lifting area, and all obstacles have been removed. The lifting rigging is defect-free, **properly secured, and the load is not connected to any other objects. Work may proceed only after safety is confirmed. 4. When operating a wheel or crawler crane, it is necessary to determine the lifting area, set up warning signs, and assign someone to supervise if required. 5. Outdoor lifting operations must be halted in case of severe weather conditions such as heavy rain, heavy snow, heavy fog, or wind speeds of level 6 or above (including level 6). Working under or beside live high-voltage lines is strictly prohibited. 6. When working vertically or horizontally near high-voltage lines, the minimum safety distances listed in the table below must be maintained. 6 Key Safety Operating Points for Hook Workers 1. It is necessary to follow the commands given by the signalers. 2. Proficient in the use of gestures, signal flags, and whistles. 3. Be familiar with the technical and operational performance of cranes. 4. Be familiar with the weights of common materials, the center of gravity of components, and the methods for positioning them. 5. Be familiar with the knowledge related to the loading, transportation, and stacking of components. 6. Be able to use lifting equipment, rigging, and various fastening methods for components correctly. 7. Protective Equipment – Safety Nets: 1. The inspection of the net includes ensuring that there is no construction debris inside it, that no items are piled up beneath it, that the net itself is not severely deformed or worn, and that it is not exposed to chemicals, acid or alkali fumes, or burns from welding sparks. 2. The support frame must not suffer from severe deformation or wear, and there must be no looseness at its connection points. The connection points between the nets and between the nets and the support frames must also not become loose. None of the binding ropes should cause severe wear or deformation to it. 3. Debris falling into the net should be cleaned regularly to keep it clean. Avoid large amounts of welding or other sparks from falling into the mesh, as well as high-temperature or steamy environments. When the net is contaminated by chemicals or when the net ropes become embedded in coarse sand particles or other objects that may cause wear, it needs to be cleaned, after which it should be allowed to dry naturally. 4. When handling the safety net, do not use iron hooks or tools with sharp points to prevent damage to the net ropes. The mesh materials should be stored in a warehouse or a dedicated area, and organized by category and stored in batches on shelves; random stacking is not allowed. Warehouses are required to have good ventilation, be protected from light, insulated, kept dry, and shielded from the effects of chemicals. During storage, the mesh structure also needs to be inspected regularly; any issues found must be addressed immediately to ensure safety. Requirements for the safe use of safety helmets: 1. All personnel entering the site must wear safety helmets. During the task, the safety helmet must not be removed, set aside, or used as a seat. 2. **The standard specifies that the height at which a safety helmet should be worn is such that the vertical distance from the bottom edge of the helmet band to the top of the head is 80–90 mm. **The main requirement for safety helmets under the standard is to be able to withstand an impact force of 5000 N. 3. Safety helmets must be used correctly: the straps should be fastened properly, and the distance between the padding layers should be adjusted (usually around 40–50 mm), to prevent them from coming loose or shaking easily. Safety helmets that are missing liners, straps, or are damaged must not be used. Requirements for the safe use of seat belts: 1. When in use, hang them high and position them low to prevent swinging and collisions; the rope must not have knots, and the hook should be attached to the connecting ring. When an abnormality is detected, it must be replaced immediately; a rope sleeve should be attached when replacing the rope. Buffers should be used with ropes longer than 3m. 2. During operations such as climbing and working in suspended positions, a safety belt must be worn along with secure anchoring points; it is strictly prohibited to wear a safety belt only around the waist without attaching it to fixed anchorages. 3. When not in use, the seat belt should be stored properly, and it must be kept away from high temperatures, open flames, strong acids, strong bases, or sharp objects. Ropes that are used frequently should be regularly inspected for their condition ； After two years of use, a random inspection is required, and the ropes in the inspected sample strips must be replaced with new ones. 8. Electricians: 1. Electrician work must involve professional safety and technical training, with successful completion of relevant examinations. Non-electricians are strictly prohibited from performing electrical work. 2. After accepting an electrical installation task, electricians must thoroughly understand and implement the contents of the safety construction plan for temporary power use as well as the safety technical instructions. The installation of electrical circuits for construction must be carried out in accordance with the specifications outlined in the construction drawings; if temporary power supply is to be used for more than 6 months, it should be installed using proper wiring. Any changes to the construction organization plan must be approved and signed by the responsible electrical engineer from the original approving unit; such changes are not permitted without approval. 3. When working with electricity, it is necessary to wear insulating shoes and gloves; operating under the influence of alcohol is prohibited. 4. All insulation and testing tools must be stored properly, used only for their intended purpose, and regularly inspected and calibrated. Ensure proper and reliable grounding or neutral connection. For all grounding or neutral connection, a reliable electrical connection must be ensured. The protective wire PE must be a green/yellow dual-colored wire, and it must be clearly distinguished from the phase wire and the working neutral wire; they must not be used interchangeably. 5. In power systems at construction sites with a directly grounded neutral point, TN-S neutral grounding protection must be used. 6. The non-live metal enclosures, frames, components, pipes, metal workbenches of electrical equipment, as well as the metal columns of portable iodine-tungsten lamps, etc., shall all be connected to the protective ground. 7. Regularly and irregularly inspect and maintain the grounding of temporary electrical installations, the insulation of equipment, and leakage protection switches; eliminate any potential hazards promptly, and keep records of these inspections and maintenance activities. 8. After the project is completed and the temporary electrical installation is removed, the power supply should be cut off first, followed by the removal of the installation itself. 9. Electrical equipment used outdoors should have good rain protection or reliable measures to prevent rain damage. The distribution box must be sturdy, intact, and airtight. It is prohibited to place miscellaneous items inside the electrical distribution box in use. 10. When installing lighting wiring, do not walk on the slatted ceiling or soundproof panels, nor stack materials there ； When walking is necessary for work purposes, scaffolding planks must be laid on the main beams ； Low-voltage power of 26V should be used for construction lighting in the ceiling area. 11. When working on a scaffold, the scaffold planks must be fully covered; there should be no gaps or protruding planks. The tools used should be placed in a tool bag to be carried with you; they must not be thrown. 12. When working on the high-voltage parts inside and outside the substation as well as on the circuits, the operations should be carried out in sequence: shut down the power supply, test for electricity, and hang grounding wires. The control handles should be locked or marked with signs. 13. Insulating gloves must be worn when testing for electricity, and a voltage tester appropriate for the voltage level should be used. Test for electricity separately on each item or circuit on both sides of the equipment. After confirming that the equipment or circuit is indeed de-energized, short-circuit and ground the equipment or circuit for maintenance. 14. The metal casing of electrical equipment must be grounded or connected to the neutral wire. The same device can be used for grounding and neutral connection. In the same power supply system, it is not allowed for some equipment to use neutral connection while other equipment uses grounding protection. 15. Lighting circuits must not be tied to metal scaffolding or gantries; it is strictly prohibited to pull or install them randomly there. When lighting fixtures need to be installed on metal scaffolding or gantries, the wiring and fixtures must be separated from them using insulating materials, and the distance from the working surface must be more than 3 meters. The control knife switch should be equipped with fuses and rain protection measures. 9. Transportation and Storage of Acetylene Cylinders 1. Acetylene cylinder body: (1) The outer surface of the acetylene cylinder is white ； (2) “Manufacture steel stamp mark” (3) Write “Acetylene” horizontally, and write “Keep away from fire” vertically. 2. Attachments: The attachments for acetylene cylinders include the cylinder valve, fusible alloy plug, cylinder cap, shock rings (two), inspection mark ring, and product certificate of conformity. 3. Precautions for use: (Operating procedures) (1) When transporting, storing, or using acetylene cylinders, they must be kept upright, and measures should be taken to prevent them from tipping over; it is strictly prohibited to use them in a horizontal position ； (2) When transporting, storing, and using acetylene cylinders, exposure to heat and direct sunlight should be avoided, with the ambient temperature generally not exceeding 40°C. When it cannot be guaranteed, shading or sprinkling measures should be taken to reduce the temperature ； (3) At the site where acetylene cylinders are used, the storage volume of acetylene gas shall not exceed 30 m3 (equivalent to 5 cylinders, referring to acetylene cylinders with a nominal capacity of 40 L; the same applies hereafter) ； (4) The storage warehouse or room for acetylene cylinders must be under the supervision of a designated person, and signs stating “Acetylene – Hazardous” and “No Smoking Allowed” should be installed ； (5) Empty bottles and full bottles should be placed separately and neatly, with clear markings ； (6) Storage in the same room as oxygen cylinders, chlorine cylinders, and flammable materials is strictly prohibited ； (7) The storage location of acetylene cylinders must not be near heat sources or electrical equipment, and the distance from open flames must be at least 10 m (for work at heights, this distance is the vertical projection from the ground level) ； (8) Acetylene cylinders must never be used in areas with poor ventilation or in the presence of radioactive sources ； (9) Acetylene cylinders must not be struck or collided with; arcing on the cylinder body is strictly prohibited, and acetylene cylinders must not be used on electric insulators ； (10) Measures should be taken to prevent acetylene cylinders from being exposed to sunlight or heat; it is strictly prohibited to heat acetylene cylinders with hot flames above 40°C or other heat sources ； (11) When moving items, a dedicated trolley should be used for transportation. If acetylene cylinders and oxygen cylinders need to be placed on the same trolley, they must be separated by a non-combustible partition ； (12) A dedicated pressure reducer and flashback arrester must be installed at the outlet of the bottle valve. Under normal use, the discharge pressure indicated by the pressure reducer shall not exceed 0.15 MPa, and the discharge flow rate shall not exceed 0.05 m/h•L. When a higher flow rate is required, multiple acetylene cylinders should be connected together to supply gas ； (13) During the use of an acetylene cylinder, the special wrench for opening and closing the cylinder valve should always be attached to the valve. When temporarily stopping use, it is necessary to close the valves of the welding and cutting tools as well as the valve on the acetylene cylinder; it is strictly prohibited to adjust the pressure regulator or open/close the valve on the acetylene cylinder while holding a lit welding or cutting tool ； (14) If a leak is detected during the use of an acetylene cylinder, it must be addressed promptly; using it in the presence of a leak is strictly prohibited ； (15) The gas in the acetylene cylinder must not be used up completely; a residual pressure of not less than 0.05 MPa must remain. (16) Handling should be gentle; throwing, sliding, rolling, bumping, and inversion are strictly prohibited ； (17) Fire extinguishers must be available during transportation, storage, and use. (18) During the use of acetylene cylinders, if any of the following conditions are observed, an inspection should be carried out in advance: (1) Severe corrosion, damage, or deformation of the cylinder body or its attachments ； (2) Doubts about the quality of the filler and solvent inside the bottle ； (3) Abnormal dead weight of acetylene cylinder ； (4) There are signs of tempering, burning, or blackening of the surface paint ； (5) Abnormal bottle wall temperature during filling. 10. Basic knowledge for anticipating dangers at the work site: 1. Persons entering the construction area must wear safety helmets and fasten their straps properly. Prevent injuries to the head caused by falling objects from heights or by other objects hitting the head. 2. The construction area is cluttered with debris; walking barefoot or in slippers can easily lead to foot injuries, and it is difficult to move around properly which increases the risk of falls. Therefore, walking barefoot, in slippers, high heels, or slippery shoes with studs is prohibited. 3. Do not remove or modify any safety facilities at the construction site without permission. Prevent casualties due to the lack of safety facilities. 4. Employees who are not assigned to work on these machines are prohibited from touching or manipulating various mechanical and electrical equipment. They should also avoid staying or walking under loads lifted by lifting machinery, in order to prevent mechanical injuries, electric shock, and accidents caused by falling objects. On the unloading platform, it is prohibited to stick one’s head into the derrick or to look out from the floor platform of the external elevator, to prevent accidents caused by the cage cutting in. 5. At the construction site, be careful of vehicles; do not rest under them to avoid being run over. 6. Be aware of various holes at the work site; when on the scaffolding, pay attention to the protective plates, holes, and surrounding safeguards to prevent falls from heights. 7. When working at heights, it is strictly prohibited to throw any objects downward to prevent injury to people below. 8. Fighting is prohibited in the site, and operating under the influence of alcohol is strictly forbidden to prevent accidents. 9. When using power tools and electrical equipment, it is necessary to have leakage protection devices in place, and insulated gloves should be worn during operation to prevent electric shock accidents. 10. When working at heights, safety belts must be used correctly; they should be worn high and positioned low, attached to fixed structures to prevent falls and injuries. 11. When working with paints and coatings, appropriate protective clothing must be worn, and the work area must be well-ventilated to prevent poisoning by harmful gases. 12. All workers must strictly abide by various safety regulations and operating procedures to prevent accidents and injuries. 13. All personnel engaged in special operations must strictly comply with all requirements of “safety anticipation” and “safety operation procedures”. Summary 1: Implementing various laws, regulations, and rules regarding work safety, labor protection, and fire prevention in the ** industry ； Comply with all the company’s safety production systems, regulations, and requirements. 2. The subcontractor must comply with the general contractor’s safety management regulations. The person in charge of a subcontracting unit must provide safety production training to its employees, in order to strengthen their awareness of laws and regulations as well as their safety consciousness and self-protection skills, and to ensure that they abide by safety production rules and regulations voluntarily. 3. Subcontractors shall earnestly implement the requirements regarding detailed work breakdowns, different types of work, and construction safety technical instructions at the construction site. The person in charge of the subcontracting unit must check whether the actual workers are carrying out their tasks as required, and provide regular supervision and guidance to ensure construction safety. 4. The person in charge of the subcontracting unit shall be fully responsible for all aspects of work related to construction safety and civilized construction in the construction and living areas under their oversight. When the person in charge of the subcontracting unit leaves the site, a designated person should be appointed to take over, and written authorization procedures must be followed. The person in charge of the subcontracting unit and those assigned to manage it should regularly inspect and urge the employees of their unit to conscientiously carry out their duties in all aspects. 5. Subcontractors shall carry out team safety activities in a thorough manner in accordance with regulations. The person in charge of the construction site should regularly attend safety meetings, as well as inspections related to safety, fire prevention, and living conditions and hygiene, and keep records of these inspections. 6. The subcontractor must accept inspections, supervision, and guidance from the general contractor during the construction period. The general contractor shall assist it in improving safety production management. All construction units must rectify the identified hazards and problems within a specified time frame. 7. Subcontractors must thoroughly inspect their respective construction areas, working environments, safety protection facilities, operational equipment and tools. Upon identifying any problems or potential hazards, they must immediately stop work and take measures to address them. If the unit in question is unable to make the necessary corrections, it should promptly report to the general contractor, who will then coordinate with the relevant personnel to carry out those corrections. Construction can only proceed after the subcontractor confirms that safety conditions are met. 8. For equipment, scaffolding and other facilities provided by the general contractor, both parties must jointly conduct inspections in accordance with relevant regulations prior to their put into use, and complete the written procedures for handover. It is strictly prohibited to put such facilities into use without inspection or if they fail the inspection. 9. When subcontractors and main contractors borrow or rent equipment and tools from each other, they shall go through the borrowing or renting procedures and establish systems for their safe use. The lending party shall ensure that the equipment and tools lent are in good condition and meet the required standards; the borrowing party must conduct inspections and keep written records of the handover. 10. The subcontractor shall not remove or modify without permission the scaffolding, facilities, equipment, various safety protection devices, safety mechanisms, safety signs, and warning signs at the construction site. If removal or modification is indeed necessary, it must be approved by the general contractor in charge of construction and the safety management personnel, and necessary and reliable safety measures must be taken before such actions are carried out. 11. Operators of special types of equipment and medium and small-sized machinery must receive training from the relevant departments as required, pass the assessments, and then work with valid certificates. Crane operators must abide by the \"Ten Prohibitions on Lifting,\" and it is strictly forbidden to operate in violation of regulations or without a valid license ； It is strictly prohibited for persons who are not familiar with electrical and mechanical equipment to use such equipment without permission. 12. All construction units must strictly implement fire and explosion prevention measures; smoking and the use of open flames are strictly prohibited in areas prone to fires and explosions, and fire-fighting equipment must not be used for other purposes. Welding and gas cutting operations must go through the required fire approval procedures, and the \"Ten Prohibitions on Welding\" must be strictly followed; the use of electric furnaces is strictly prohibited. When anti-freezing measures using open flame heating are necessary for construction in winter, approval from the general contractor’s fire safety supervisor must be obtained, fire and poisoning prevention measures must be put in place, and a dedicated person must be assigned to monitor the area. 13. If a subcontractor needs to use electrical equipment provided by the general contractor, it must first have that equipment inspected before use. If it does not meet the safety requirements, the subcontractor should promptly inform the general contractor, who shall take action to make the necessary corrections; the equipment may only be used after the corrections are completed. It is strictly prohibited to connect electrical circuits or equipment in an arbitrary or unauthorized manner. 14. During the construction process, the subcontractor shall pay attention to the protection of underground pipelines, high- and low-voltage overhead lines, as well as communication facilities and equipment. The general contractor shall inform the subcontractor of the situation regarding underground pipelines and obstacles, and the subcontractor shall comply with these requirements. If any problems are anticipated or the situation is unclear, protective measures should be taken to halt construction, and the general contractor should be informed promptly. 15. Implement the principle that \"the party carrying out the construction is responsible for safety and fire prevention.\" In the event of any accidents or potential accident scenarios during construction, the subcontractor shall promptly organize efforts to rescue the injured, protect the scene, and immediately report to the main contractor, its own superior authorities, and relevant departments.