Disposal of used dry batteries

The recycling process of used dry batteries generally has the following steps:: 1. Classification. Smash the recycled used dry batteries, peel off the zinc shell and battery bottom iron, and take out the copper cap and graphite rod. The remaining black matter is a mixture of manganese dioxide and ammonium chloride used as the battery core. The above materials are collected separately and processed to obtain some useful substances. The graphite rods are washed, dried and then used as electrodes. 2. Zinc granules. Wash the stripped zinc shell and place it in a cast iron pot. Heat it to melt it and keep it warm for 2 hours. Remove the upper layer of scum, pour it out to cool, and drop it on the iron plate. After solidification, zinc particles are obtained. 3. Recycle copper sheets. Flatten the copper cap and wash it with hot water, then add a certain amount of 10% sulfuric acid and boil it for 30 minutes to remove the surface oxide layer. Take it out, wash it and dry it to obtain a copper sheet. 4. Recycle ammonium chloride. Put the black substance into the tank, add 60oC warm water and stir for 1 hour to dissolve all the ammonium chloride in the water. Stop, filter, and wash the filter residue twice to collect the mother liquor. ； The mother liquor is vacuum distilled until a white crystal film appears on the surface, then cooled and filtered to obtain ammonium chloride crystals, and the mother liquor is recycled. 5. Recycle manganese dioxide. Wash the filtered residue three times with water, filter, put the filter cake into a pot and evaporate it to dryness to remove a little carbon and other organic matter, then put it into water and stir thoroughly for 30 minutes, filter, and dry the filter cake at 100-110oC to obtain black manganese dioxide. Is collecting dry cell batteries obsolete? The Environmental Protection Association of my university also collected dry batteries, and I don’t know who they will hand them over to for disposal. * * The "Technical Policy for the Prevention and Control of Waste Battery Pollution" released in 2003 clearly stated that the collection of waste batteries focuses on discarded rechargeable batteries and button-type primary batteries, and centralized collection is discouraged. * * Used disposable batteries with low or no mercury requirements. But how does an ordinary person who collects waste dry batteries know whether the battery meets the“ * * "Low mercury or no mercury", although some batteries have this sentence written on them, does it mean that it must be true? So this brings a lot of trouble to the people collecting batteries below. There is also an article in "China Environment News" to the effect that "recycled batteries have become a hot potato, and what to do after recycling has become a very thorny problem. Centralized disposal is more troublesome, and recycling used dry batteries is out of date. With the development of science, technology and production technology, the situation of pollution and waste is constantly changing. People's environmental protection behavior must also keep pace with the times, and the media's guidance must also change with the "wind direction". ” So I was thinking, “Is it outdated that the poster is still collecting dry batteries? ”Hey, we can’t figure out many problems! ! ! 　 This post was last edited by libj520 on 2009-3-3 12:53 ]

First of all, I seldom use disposable ones and keep the used ones for several years. There are also recycling points in the school. A few years ago, the students were very interested, but now they are silent. I wonder where the recycled batteries have gone. In fact, the most effective * * Establishing certain measures, such as prohibiting the entry of low-quality batteries from the source, battery recycling incentives or compensation, support for battery recycling enterprises, and improving the quality of the people can solve this problem

There is so little actual recycling of batteries, even I sometimes throw unused batteries into the trash at any time. Nowadays, we often see battery explosions on the Internet, which are also very harmful. I don’t know if there are environmentally friendly batteries now. We should study it. There are many places where batteries can be used now. Found everywhere.

Our company classifies waste, recycles used batteries as hazardous waste, and then delivers them to the environmental protection center for collective processing.

Now I always use rechargeable batteries. If I have dry batteries, I will put them in the school’s special recycling bin.

Recycling methods: Laboratory recycling methods: Ordinary dry batteries are cylindrical, and the outer cylinder is made of zinc. This zinc cylinder is the negative electrode of the battery. ； The carbon rod in the center of the cylinder is the positive electrode ； Inside the cylinder are manganese dioxide, ammonium chloride and zinc chloride. The following introduces two methods for recycling materials in waste dry batteries.: (1) Extract ammonium chloride: Stir the black substance in the battery into water and filter it. Evaporate part of the filtrate in an evaporating dish to obtain a white solid. Then heat it and use "sublimation" to collect purer ammonium chloride. (2) Preparation of zinc granules: Cut the zinc sheets on the zinc cylinder into pieces and place them in a crucible under strong heat (the melting point of zinc is 419 degrees). After melting, carefully pour the zinc sheets into cold water to obtain zinc particles. Industrial recycling methods: There are roughly three internationally accepted methods of disposal of used batteries.: Solidify, bury deeply, store in abandoned mines, and recycle. 1． It is solidified, buried deeply, and stored in abandoned mines. For example, a factory in France extracts nickel and cadmium from it. The nickel is then used in steelmaking, and the cadmium is reused in the production of batteries. The remaining types of waste batteries are generally transported to special toxic and hazardous landfills. However, this approach is not only too expensive but also causes waste, because there are still many useful substances that can be used as raw materials. 2． Recycling (1) Heat treatment There are two factories in Switzerland that specialize in the processing and utilization of old batteries. The method adopted by Batlik Company is to grind the old batteries and then send them to the furnace for heating. At this time, the volatilized mercury can be extracted. At higher temperatures, zinc also evaporates, which is also a precious metal. Iron and manganese fuse to form the ferromanganese alloy required for steelmaking. The factory can process 2,000 tons of waste batteries a year, and can obtain 780 tons of manganese ferroalloy, 400 tons of zinc alloy and 3 tons of mercury. Another factory extracts iron directly from batteries and sells metal mixtures such as manganese oxide, zinc oxide, copper oxide and nickel oxide directly as metal scrap. However, the heat treatment method is more expensive, and Switzerland also stipulates that each battery buyer charges a small fee for the processing of waste batteries. (2) "Wet treatment" A "wet treatment" device is being built in the suburbs of Magdeburg. Here, except for lead-acid batteries, all types of batteries are dissolved in sulfuric acid, and then various metals are extracted from the solution with the help of ion resin. The raw materials obtained in this way are purer than heat treatment methods, so they sell for a higher price on the market, and 95% of the various substances contained in the battery can be extracted. Wet processing can eliminate the need for sorting (because sorting is a manual operation, which increases costs). The Magdeburg unit has an annual processing capacity of 7,500 tons. Although its cost is slightly higher than the landfill method, precious raw materials will not be discarded and the environment will not be polluted. (3) Vacuum heat treatment method The vacuum heat treatment method developed by German Alt Company is even cheaper, but it first requires sorting out nickel-cadmium batteries from waste batteries. The waste batteries are heated in a vacuum, and the mercury evaporates quickly, which can be recovered. Then the remaining raw materials are ground, a magnet is used to extract metallic iron, and nickel and manganese are extracted from the remaining powder. The cost of processing one ton of waste batteries is less than 1,500 marks. Outlook: 4. Prospects Nowadays, people's environmental awareness has been greatly improved. For example, cities such as Beijing and Shanghai have installed special barrels for disposing of waste batteries. I believe that in the near future, the problem of waste battery recycling will be solved.