Various safety regulations for system maintenance procedures

The original poster didn’t provide enough details; there are many safety regulations regarding the maintenance procedures for ammonia synthesis systems. These regulations depend on the specific job role and the operational processes in place, as well as on the nature of the substances involved. Of course, generally speaking, the safety measures adopted in manufacturing processes are mainly replacement and isolation. For example, in the case of gas systems, replacement requires that the concentration of CO2 + H2 in the inert gas be less than 5%, and the oxygen concentration to be less than 0.5%... I’m not sure exactly what kind of information the original poster is looking for

Section 6: Maintenance Organization and Management Article 264: Strengthen the organizational leadership of maintenance work to ensure the \"four implementations\" of safety organization, safety tasks, safety responsibilities, and safety measures. Article 265: For all maintenance tasks, a \"Maintenance Task Sheet\" and a \"Safety Permit for Equipment Maintenance\" must be prepared prior to the maintenance work. Article 266: The person in charge of the maintenance task is fully responsible for the safety of the maintenance work; they are responsible for coordinating the entire maintenance process to ensure safety throughout it. Article 267: It is necessary to carry out thorough safety education and accident prediction analysis prior to maintenance work, identify potential unsafe factors that may arise during the maintenance process, and take preventive measures in advance. Article 268: The person in charge of the maintenance project must, in accordance with the requirements of the \"Maintenance Task Sheet\" and the \"Safety Operation Permit for Equipment Maintenance\", personally organize the relevant technical personnel to go to the site to provide instructions to the maintenance workers. Article 269: The “Safety Permit for Equipment Maintenance Work” shall be issued in accordance with the “Safety Regulations for Equipment Maintenance Work in the Plant”. Section 7 General Principles for Maintenance Safety Article 270 In accordance with the requirements of the \"Maintenance Task Sheet\" and the \"Safety Work Permit for Equipment Maintenance\", the production unit must carry out process safety measures on the equipment and pipelines to be maintained. Article 271: The maintenance unit and the production unit shall jointly inspect and confirm matters such as process safety measures before going through the handover procedures. Equipment pipelines must not be removed arbitrarily without the consent of the production supervisor. Article 272: When carrying out hot work, a hot work permit must be obtained in accordance with the relevant regulations on fire prevention and explosion control; work may only proceed after approval has been granted. Article 273: Personnel working at heights must comply with the relevant provisions of the Chemical Enterprise’s “Safety Regulations for Work at Heights within the Plant”. Article 274: All maintenance work must be carried out in strict accordance with the enterprise’s safety technical regulations for maintenance; maintenance personnel must earnestly comply with all the provisions of the safety technical operating procedures specific to their job. Article 275: When maintenance equipment and pipelines are connected to facilities and pipelines in living areas, a separation must be provided in between. Article 276: When carrying out temporary maintenance in production workshops located in flammable and explosive areas, explosion-proof equipment must be used, or other explosion-proof measures must be taken to strictly prevent the generation of sparks. Article 277: Within the maintenance area, strict control must be exercised over various motor vehicles. Article 278: When carrying out maintenance at facilities where hazardous chemicals are produced, it is necessary to maintain regular contact with chemical plant operators. In the event of a failure in chemical production that results in the sudden release of hazardous substances or an emergency shutdown, operations must be halted and personnel should evacuate the site immediately. Section 8: Preparation for Maintenance Article 279: When maintaining transmission equipment and the electrical devices associated with it, it is necessary to cut off the power supply (remove the power fuse). After verifying that everything is in order after two attempts to start the equipment, a \"Do Not Start\" sign or a safety lock should be placed on the power switch. Article 280: Tools and equipment used for maintenance must be thoroughly inspected to ensure safety and reliability. Article 281: The maintenance unit shall check the readiness of protective equipment and fire-fighting supplies to be used during maintenance. Section 9: Welding Operations Article 282: When carrying out welding operations, it is necessary to pay attention to fire and explosion prevention, and the \"Hot Work Safety Permit\" must be obtained in strict accordance with relevant regulations. Before carrying out hot work, flammable and explosive materials around the area where the work will be done must be removed. If flammable gases or liquids may be present in nearby ditches or ponds, effective safety measures should be taken. Unskilled personnel are prohibited from performing welding tasks. Article 283: Safety in oxygen-acetylene flame welding (cutting) operations must ensure the following: 1. Welding tools must meet quality standards; the control valves of the welding equipment must be reliable, the oxygen pressure regulators must be sensitive and effective, and the gas hoses must have sufficient pressure resistance and be free from damage. 2. Oxygen cylinders and acetylene cylinders must not be placed near heat sources; they must not be inverted, and acetylene cylinders must not be laid on their sides. After the gas in the cylinders is used up, a residual pressure must remain inside them. 3. The safety accessories of medium-pressure acetylene generators must be sensitive and reliable. 4. The use of floating-type acetylene generators is prohibited. 5. There should be a sufficient safety distance between the acetylene generator (or dissolved acetylene cylinder) and the oxygen cylinder; it should also be kept at a distance of more than 10 meters from any open flames. 6. Acetylene generators and dissolved acetylene gas cylinders are prohibited from being placed under high-voltage power cables and pipes. Article 284: For arc welding and cutting, the following must be ensured: 1. The welding machine must have an independent power switch. 2. The secondary coil and enclosure of the welding machine must be properly grounded or connected to the neutral wire, with a grounding resistance not exceeding 4 ohms. 3. The primary circuit and the secondary circuit are well insulated from each other and easy to identify. 4. When carrying out welding (cutting) operations in special environments and conditions, corresponding safety measures must be taken. Article 285: Welders must comply with the safety procedures for welding operations. Article 286: In areas where multiple people are working or where tasks are carried out simultaneously, protective shields must be installed to prevent arc light from injuring others’ eyes. Article 287: For special operations such as plasma cutting and TIG welding, relevant safety protection measures shall be taken. Section 10: Work Inside Equipment Article 288: Work carried out inside various towers, spheres, reactors, tanks, vats, furnaces, flues, pipelines, containers, as well as basements, manholes, pits, sewers, or other enclosed areas within chemical production facilities is considered work inside equipment. It is necessary to comply with the Safety Regulations for Work Inside Equipment in the chemical industry and to obtain a \"Safety Permit for Work Inside Equipment.\" Article 289: Before entering the equipment, it must be isolated from other equipment, and effective treatments such as cleaning and replacement must be carried out. 30 minutes before entering the equipment to carry out work, samples must be taken to analyze the concentrations of toxic and harmful substances as well as the oxygen level; work can only proceed once the tests show satisfactory results. During the operation, analyze at least every 2 hours; if any exceedance is detected, stop the operation immediately and evacuate personnel promptly. Article 290: When working inside equipment containing corrosive, asphyxiating, flammable, explosive, or toxic materials, it is necessary to wear appropriate personal protective equipment and gas protection devices. Article 291: When the conditions under which maintenance work is carried out change and may pose a threat to the safety of the maintenance personnel, the equipment must be withdrawn immediately. To proceed and work inside the equipment again, it is necessary to go through the procedures for entering the equipment once more. Article 292: When working inside equipment, a supervisor must be assigned. This supervisor should be an experienced person who is responsible and committed to his or her duties, and must maintain effective communication with the workers carrying out the work. Article 293: When working inside equipment, safety ladders and platforms shall be set up according to the specific circumstances, along with rescue ropes, to ensure the needs for emergency evacuation. Article 294: Sufficient lighting shall be provided within the equipment; the power supply for the lighting must be of a safe voltage, and the lighting fixtures must meet safety requirements such as resistance to moisture and explosions. Article 295: It is strictly prohibited to throw tools and equipment inside or outside the operating equipment. Blowing with oxygen or oxygen-enriched air is prohibited. Article 296: When performing welding or cutting operations inside equipment, in addition to complying with the provisions related to such operations set out in these regulations, the welder or cutter must not leave welding (cutting) tools inside the equipment upon leaving. Article 297: After the work is completed, it must be inspected jointly by the maintenance personnel, the supervisor, and the person in charge of the department using the equipment to ensure that everything is in order. Only after the person in charge of the maintenance and the person in charge of the using department have signed the permit for working inside the equipment can the maintenance personnel seal it up. Section 11: Blind Flange Installation and Removal Operations Article 298: Blind flange installation and removal operations shall be carried out in accordance with the \"Safety Regulations for Blind Flange Installation and Removal Operations in Chemical Plants\" of the chemical industry. Obtain a \"Safety Permit for Blind Plate Removal and Installation\". Article 299 Basic requirements for blind plate management: 1. Blind plates that meet safety requirements must be selected. 2. Blind plate record cards should be established and numbered. 3. Blind plates are stored and used separately by each production workshop or equipment power workshop. Article 300: A designated person shall be assigned to handle the removal and installation of blind plates, as well as to oversee the process. Article 301: The locations where blind plates are removed or installed must be approved, and signs must be placed as markers. For the task of removing and installing blind flanges on larger systems, a diagram showing the location of these flanges should be prepared to prevent accidents resulting from incorrect removal or installation of them. Article 302: When removing or installing blind flanges in flammable and explosive systems, a slight positive pressure should be maintained while the system is depressurized to prevent air from entering. Section 12: Handling After Maintenance Completion Article 303: After the maintenance is completed, the following must be ensured: 1. All safety facilities must return to their normal state. 2. Install or remove blind flanges in accordance with the requirements of the production process, check for any foreign objects inside the equipment pipes and verify their sealing condition, conduct pressure or airtightness tests as specified, and keep records for future reference. 3. Clean up the site. 4. The maintenance task sheet shall be archived for preservation. Article 304: The maintenance unit, in conjunction with the unit to which the equipment belongs and relevant departments, shall conduct individual and combined tests on the maintained equipment; after acceptance, the handover procedures shall be carried out. Article 305: Before starting up the equipment after feeding materials, the operators on duty must carefully inspect and verify the repaired parts and safety components to ensure their safety and reliability, as well as to guarantee that the instruments and pipelines are unobstructed. Article 306: During the handover at production posts, operators must clearly convey to one another any changes that have occurred to equipment, pipelines, valves, electrical systems, instruments, etc., during maintenance. Section 13: Work at Heights Article 307: Any work carried out at a height of 2 meters or more above the reference level for potential falls must be conducted in accordance with the \"Safety Regulations for Work at Heights in Industrial Plants\" applicable to the chemical industry. Article 308: Before working at heights, a “High-Altitude Safety Work Permit” must be obtained, reliable safety measures must be taken, and a designated person must be assigned to be in charge and to oversee the work. Article 309: Persons working at heights must pass a medical examination; those who are not fit for working at heights shall not engage in such work. Article 310: Scaffolding, hoists, hangers, chain blocks, etc., used for work at heights must be erected in accordance with relevant regulations, and lifting elevators are strictly prohibited from carrying people. Article 311: Workers performing work at heights must wear safety belts and safety helmets, and any tools, parts, materials, etc. they carry with them must be placed in tool bags. Article 312: Work at heights should generally not be carried out simultaneously. If it is necessary to work under the same vertical line due to site conditions, reliable isolation measures must be taken; otherwise, such work is prohibited. When working on asbestos shingles or fiberglass shingles, safety measures such as installing footboards must be taken. Article 313: On-site environmental monitoring shall be conducted when working at the top of buildings and tanks where toxic gases are likely to be released. Article 314: When working in areas adjacent to live wires, the Safety Regulations for Electrical Work must be followed. Article 315: High-altitude work shall be suspended in case of winds of force 6 or above or other adverse weather conditions. Section 14: Lifting Operations Article 316: Personnel engaged in lifting operations must undergo safety and technical training and assessment, and hold certificates for working in special types of jobs. Lifting operations must be carried out in accordance with the \"Signals for Lifting Operations,\" \"Safety Regulations for Lifting Machinery,\" \"Safety Technical Assessment Standards for Lift Operators,\" and \"Safety Regulations for Lifting Operations within the Plant.\" And obtain a “Lifting Safety Operation Permit”. Article 317: A lifting plan shall be prepared for all types of lifting operations. For the lifting of heavy objects weighing over 20 tons or of the main structural elements in civil engineering projects, or in cases where the object weighs less than 20 tons but is complex in shape, has low stiffness, a large length-to-diameter ratio, is valuable and precise, or requires special working conditions, the lifting plan must be reviewed by the relevant construction management departments and safety and technical teams, and can only be implemented after approval by the chief engineer. Article 318: Unified communication signals and centralized command must be established for lifting operations. Article 319: Pipelines, pipe racks, utility poles, and the foundations of mechanical and electrical equipment shall not be used as lifting anchors. Production buildings, structures, etc. shall not be used as lifting anchors without confirmed permission. Article 320: When using various lifting machinery, lifting devices, and rigging, the following rules must be observed: 1. Before carrying out lifting operations, it is necessary to conduct a thorough inspection of the operating parts of the lifting machinery, its safety devices, as well as the lifting devices and rigging; a trial lift must also be performed before actual lifting. 2. All types of lifting machinery must be used for lifting at the specified load; overloading is strictly prohibited. Lifting devices and rigging must be selected through calculation. Section 15: Work Involving Circuit Disconnection Article 321: Work involving circuit disconnection must be carried out in accordance with the \"Safety Regulations for Circuit Disconnection Work in Chemical Plants\" of the chemical industry, and a \"Safety Permit for Circuit Disconnection Work\" must be obtained. Article 322: The entity that applies for road closure is responsible for managing the construction site; it shall install road closure signs at the closed intersections to guide vehicles passing by on the alternative routes. Article 323: After a circuit is severed, the construction party shall set up barriers and warning signs at the construction site, and red lights shall be hung at night. Article 324: After the road closure work is completed, the construction party shall be responsible for cleaning up the site, removing the barriers, road closure signs, fences, warning signs, and red lights installed at the site and at intersections. After the circuit-breaking unit conducts an inspection and verification upon request, it is responsible for reporting to the plant’s traffic management department, which then notifies all relevant units that the circuit-breaking work is complete and traffic can be resumed. Section 16: Groundwork Operations Article 325: Groundwork operations refer to activities such as digging, driving piles at a depth of more than 0.5 meters, placing loads on the ground at a weight of over 5,000 kilograms per square meter, as well as using construction machinery such as bulldozers and rollers to fill soil or level the ground. Excavation work must comply with the Safety Regulations for Excavation Work in Chemical Plants issued by the chemical industry, and a \"Safety Permit for Excavation Work\" must be obtained. Article 326: Before starting construction, it is necessary to investigate the conditions underground, provide safety instructions to the workers, and conduct safety training for them. If cables, pipelines, or unidentified items are exposed during excavation, work must be stopped immediately, they must be properly protected, and the authority that approved the excavation must be informed; work can resume only after appropriate measures have been taken. Article 327: When approaching underground concealed facilities during excavation, digging should be done gently; the use of mechanical tools such as iron bars, picks, or grabbers is prohibited. Article 328: When starting work in chemical hazard areas, it is necessary to contact the relevant chemical operators. In the event of any abnormal situation occurring during chemical production or when harmful substances are released, the chemical operators must immediately inform those carrying out the work to stop and evacuate the site promptly. Article 329: Excavation work must be carried out in accordance with the requirements specified in the \"Excavation Safety Work Permit.\" Construction workers have the right to refuse to carry out the work if safety measures are not implemented or if the necessary approval procedures are not in place. Article 330: Guardrails, covers, and warning signs shall be installed at the site where earthwork is carried out, and red lights shall be hung as a warning at night. After the construction is completed, the area should be backfilled promptly, and the surface facilities restored. Article 331: Excavation shall be carried out from top to bottom; it is prohibited to hollow out the foundation. When using a mechanical digger, a signal must be given first, and no other operations are allowed within the digger’s swing radius. Article 332: When carrying out excavation work, safety slopes shall be provided or retaining supports shall be installed depending on the soil properties, moisture level, and excavation depth. If any signs of danger such as cracks in the slope, looseness, or sliding or breaking of supports are detected, operations must be stopped immediately, and effective measures taken. When removing the retaining wall supports, backfilling must be carried out from bottom to top. Article 333: The pile of excavated soil shall be placed at a distance of not less than 0.8 meters from the edge of the ditch, and not less than 1.5 meters at the bends of the ditch; the height of such soil piles shall not exceed 1.5 meters. Article 334: When working in pits or ditches, it is also necessary to pay attention to detecting toxic and harmful gases, ensure good ventilation. In the event of toxic gases being detected, construction workers must be evacuated immediately; the cause should be identified, measures taken, and the problem resolved as soon as possible. Article 335: When starting excavation near buildings and structures, necessary safety measures shall be taken according to the depth of excavation.

Maintenance Safety Regulations: 1. For annual major repairs, medium-scale repairs, and minor repairs, the Production Department and the Chief Engineer’s Office must first prepare a maintenance plan; the Safety Department shall then develop a safety plan for such repairs, which must be approved by the company before work can proceed. 2. Before maintenance, the equipment and pipelines containing flammable, explosive, or toxic substances must have their gas supplies cut off; blind plates must be installed in the relevant areas, followed by cleaning, purging, and analysis to ensure they meet the required standards. Only then can maintenance be carried out inside enclosed containers such as tanks, vats, and towers. Those involved in this work must possess knowledge of fire prevention, explosion prevention, and toxicity protection, and must use appropriate protective equipment. There must also be someone outside to supervise the process. 3. The maintenance unit shall not disassemble or manipulate valves arbitrarily without the approval of the Production Department. Upon completion of the maintenance work, the maintenance unit must hand over all details to the relevant production and equipment management departments, and a designated person must conduct inspections before the production unit starts operating. 4. When working at heights on multiple levels, it is necessary to have a sturdy scaffold, safety helmets, and safety belts; safety nets should also be used when needed. Persons suffering from heart disease, high blood pressure, anemia, dizziness, or similar conditions must not engage in work at heights. 5. For electrical and equipment maintenance, the power supply must be disconnected, and a \"Do Not Close\" warning sign must be placed on the switch. Any work that needs to be carried out while the power is still on must be approved by an electrical engineer; reliable safety measures must be in place, and there must be someone to supervise the work. Temporary wires should be installed at a height of no less than 3 meters above the ground. (2.5 meters indoors, 3 meters outdoors) 6. A dedicated person must be in charge of the lifting equipment; before lifting, the lifting tools and safety devices must be thoroughly inspected to ensure they are in good condition. The personnel responsible for the lifting operation and supervision must have received specialized training. 7. For any work involving open flames, excavation, work at heights, entry into towers or tanks, electrical equipment, or temporary facilities, an operation permit must be obtained in accordance with relevant regulations.