sulfuric acid

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Sulfuric acid I logo Chinese name sulfuric acid English name sulfuric acid Molecular formula H2SO4 Relative molecular mass 98.08 CAS No. 7664-93-9 Hazardous category Category 8.1 Acid corrosive chemical category Sulfuric acid II Main composition and properties Main ingredient content Industrial grade 92.5% or 98%. Appearance and properties: The pure product is a colorless, transparent oily liquid, odorless. It is mainly used to produce chemical fertilizers and is also widely used in chemical, pharmaceutical, petroleum refining and other industries. Three health hazards: inhalation and ingestion. Health hazards: It has strong irritating and corrosive effects on skin, mucous membranes and other tissues. Vapor or mist can cause conjunctivitis, conjunctival edema, corneal opacity, and even blindness. ； Cause respiratory tract irritation, dyspnea and pulmonary edema in severe cases ； High concentrations can cause laryngospasm or glottis edema and result in suffocation and death. Oral administration may cause burns to the digestive tract leading to ulcer formation. ； Severe cases may cause gastric perforation, peritonitis, kidney damage, shock, etc. Skin burns may occur in mild cases, such as erythema, or in severe cases, ulcers may form. After healing, the scars may shrink and affect function. Splashing into the eyes can cause burns, even corneal perforation, panphthalmia and even blindness. chronic effects: Dental erosion, chronic bronchitis, emphysema and pulmonary sclerosis. 4. First aid measures In case of skin contact, immediately take off contaminated clothing and rinse with plenty of running water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention. In case of eye contact, immediately lift the eyelids and rinse thoroughly with plenty of running water or saline for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention. If inhaled, quickly move away from the site to fresh air. Keep breathing smooth. If breathing becomes difficult, give oxygen. If breathing stops ； Perform artificial respiration immediately. Seek medical attention. If swallowed by mistake, rinse mouth with water and give milk or egg white to drink. Seek medical attention. 5. Explosion characteristics and fire-fighting combustibility: Non-combustible flash point (0C): Insignificant lower explosion limit (%): Insignificant ignition temperature (0C): Insignificant explosion upper limit (%): Insignificant minimum ignition energy (mJ): Insignificant maximum explosion pressure (MPa): Insignificant hazardous characteristics: A large amount of heat is released when in contact with water, and boiling and splashing may occur. Contact with flammable substances (such as benzene) and combustible substances (such as sugar, cellulose, etc.) will cause violent reactions and even cause combustion. It may explode or burn if it reacts violently with calcium carbide, perchlorate, fulminate, nitrate, picrate, metal powder, etc. Strongly corrosive and water absorbent. Fire-fighting methods Firefighters must wear full-body acid and alkali-resistant fire-fighting suits. fire extinguishing agent: Dry powder, carbon dioxide, sand. Avoid water impacting objects, as water will release a large amount of heat and cause splashing and burns on the skin. 6. Leak emergency response: Quickly evacuate personnel in the leaked contaminated area to a safe area, isolate them, and strictly restrict access. It is recommended that emergency responders wear self-contained positive pressure respirators and acid and alkali proof overalls. Do not come into direct contact with spilled material. Prevent entry into restricted spaces such as sewers and flood ditches. small leak: Mix with sand, dry lime or soda ash. You can also rinse with large amounts of water, dilute the wash water and put it into the wastewater system. massive leaks: Build dikes or dig pits for containment ； Use a pump to transfer it to a tanker or special collector, and recycle or transport it to a waste treatment site for disposal. 7. Storage and transportation precautions: Store in a cool, dry and well-ventilated warehouse. It should be stored separately from flammable or combustible materials, alkali, metal powder, etc. Mixed storage and transportation are not allowed. When handling, load and unload with care to prevent damage to packaging and containers. Pay attention to personal protection during packaging and transportation operations. Eight Protective Measures Workshop Hygiene Standards China MAC (mg/m3) 2 Former Soviet Union MAC (mg/m3) 1 American TVL—TWA ACGIH 1 (mg/m3) American TLV—STEL ACGIH 3 (mg/m3) Detection method Barium cyanide colorimetric method Engineering control closed operation, pay attention to ventilation. Mechanize and automate as much as possible. Safety showers and eyewash facilities are provided. Respiratory protection Wear a self-priming filter gas mask (full face mask) or air respirator when you may be exposed to its fumes. During emergency rescue or evacuation, it is recommended to wear an oxygen respirator. Eye protection Respiratory system protection has been included in the protection. Wear rubber acid and alkali resistant clothing for body protection. Wear rubber acid and alkali resistant gloves for hand protection. Smoking, eating and drinking are prohibited at other work sites. After work, shower clothes. Store clothes contaminated with poisons separately and wash them for later use. maintain good hygiene * used. 9. Physical and chemical properties Melting point (℃) 10.5 Boiling point (℃) 330.0 Relative density (water = 1) 1.83. Relative density (water vapor = 1) 3.4 Saturated vapor pressure (kPa) 0.13 (145.8℃) Logarithmic heat of combustion of octanol/water partition coefficient (kJ/mol) Meaningless critical temperature (℃) Critical pressure (MPa) Solubility Miscible with water. 10. Stability and reactivity Stability Stable polymerization Hazards of non-polymerization Conditions to avoid contact Contraindications Alkali, alkali metals, water, strong reducing agents, flammable or combustible substances. Combustion (decomposition) products oxidize sulfur. 11. Toxicological information Acute toxicity LD50 2140mg/kg (rat oral) LC50 510mg/m3, 2 hours (rat inhalation) 320mg/m3, 2 hours (mice inhalation) 12. Environmental information This substance is harmful to the environment. Special attention should be paid to the pollution of water and soil. 13. Things you should read before disposal * * and local regulations. For waste storage, see "Storage and Transportation Precautions". Slowly add the soda ash mononitrate lime solution and stir continuously. After the reaction stops, flush it into the sewer with plenty of water. 14. Transport Information Dangerous Regulation No. 81007 UN No. 1830 Packaging Category 1 Packaging Mark 20 Packaging Method Threaded or Frosted Mouth Glass Bottle External Wooden Box ； Acid-resistant jars, wooden boxes or semi-lattice boxes outside ceramic jars. The 15th Regulation Regulation on the Safety Management of Information Chemical Dangerous Goods (issued by the State Council on February 17, 1987), the Implementation Rules of the Regulation on the Safety Management of Chemical Dangerous Goods (Hua Lao Fa No. 677), the Regulations on Safely Used Chemicals in the Workplace (Ministry of Labor Fa No. 423) and other regulations have made corresponding provisions on the safe use, production, storage, transportation, loading and unloading of chemical dangerous goods. ； The Classification and Labeling of Commonly Used Hazardous Chemicals (GB13690-92) classifies this substance as Category 8.1 acidic rot.